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28 Cards in this Set

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Chapter 16
Anti-inflammatory agents
Salicylates
Asprin (ASA)
Choline magnesium trisalicylate
Sites of action
Inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins
Therapeutic actions
Antipyretic effect by blocking pyrogen signals at the hypothalamus
Decreases platelet aggregation by inhibiting synthesis of thromboxane A2
Indications
Treatment of mild to moderate pain
Fever
Inflammatory conditions incl rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
Prevention of Transient eschemic attack
Reduce risk of death by MI
MI treatment
Pharmacokinetics
Absorbed by the stomach
Peak 5-30 minutes
Metabolized by the liver
Excreted in the urine
Cross placenta and breast milk
Contraindications
Known allergy to salicylates
Bleeding abnormalities
Impaired renal function
Adverse reactions
GI irritation
Reduced clotting
8th cranial nerve stimulation-Ears
Salicylism-tinnitus, acidosis, nausea, diarrhea, confusion
Drug-Drug interactions
Interfers with absorption of other drugs
Effects on liver
Extending of therapeutic effects of one or both
NSAIDS
Ibuprofen-motrin, advil
Naproxen
Celebrex-cox 2 inhibitor
Site of action
COX-1 systemic blocking of prostiglandin producing enzymes
COX-2 local blocking of prostiglandin producing enzymes
Therapeutic actions
Inhibit prostiglandin synthesis by blocking COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme
Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects
Indications
OTC releif of signs and symptoms of arthritis, relief of mild to moderate pain, treatmetn of primary dysmenorrhea, fever reduction
Pharmacokinetics
Oral-GI absorption
Onset 30 min
Peak 1-2 hr
Liver metabolized
Urine excretion
Placenta and breast milk crossing
Contraindications
Allergy to any NSAID or salicylate
CV disfunction or HPT
Peptic ulcers or GI bleeding
Pregnancy or lactation
Adverse reactions
COX-1 Systemic
GI integrity, blood clotting, NA and H2O balance, CNS prostiglandin activity
Headache, dizziness, somnolence, fatigue, rash, nausea, dyspepsia, bleeding, constipation
Drug-Drug interactions
Beta Blockers-Decreases diuretic effects of loop blockers
Ibuprofen-lithium toxicity
Acetomenophen
Tylenol
Sites of action
Acts directly on the thermoregulartory cells of the hypothalamus
Therapeutic actions
Release of heat and lowering of fever through sweating and vasodilation
Indications
Treatment of pain and fever associated with a variety of conditions including flu, and DPT immunization, musculoskeletal pain, arthritis.
Pharmacokinetics
Route oral GI
Onset varies
Peak .5-2 hours
Duration 3-6 hours
Liver metabolized
Urine excreted
Placenta and breast milk crossing
Contraindications
Toxic levels in patients with hepatic or renal impairments
pregnancy or lactation
Adverse reactions
Rash, fever, chest pain, liver toxicity, bone marrow suppression
Drug-Drug interactions
Oral anticoagulants effect liver
Ethanol toxicity on liver
Barbiturate hepatotoxicity
Salicylates
F>I>R>E>
Fever
Inflamation
Reduces TIA's
Eliminates death c hx MI
N<S<A<I<D<S<
No alcohol-liver toxic
See birth-crosses placenta
Asprin sensitivity-allergy
Inhibits prostaglandins
Do take with food-GI upset
Stop before surgery-bleeding
Antidote to Acetaminophen/Tylenol poisioning
Acetylchysteine
mucomist
An antagonist to the same hypothalamus receptors