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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
3 zones of adrenal cortex and their products
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Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids), fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC), and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
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Pneumonic for 3 zones of adrenal cortex
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GFR
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Used for Addison's disease, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), inflammation, allergies, and asthma (as a local inhalation)
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Glucocorticoids
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Short acting glucocorticoids
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Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
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Intermediate acting glucocorticoids
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Prednisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, and triamcinolone
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Long acting glucocorticoids
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Betamethasone and dexamethasone
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Mineralocorticoids
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Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
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Some side effects of corticosteroids
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Osteopenia, impaired wound healing, inc. risk of infection, inc. appetite, HTN, edema, PUD, euphoria, psychosis, stria, thinning of skin
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Period of time of therapy after which GC therapy will need to be tapered
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5-7 days, or several months after protracted use
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Used for Cushing's syndrome ddx
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Dexamethasone suppression test
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Inhibits conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone therefore inhibiting corticosteroid synthesis
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Aminoglutethimide
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Antifungal agent used for inhibition of all gonadal and adrenal steroids
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Ketoconazole
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Diuretics used to antagonize aldosterone receptors
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Spironolactone, eplerenone
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Common SE of spironolactone
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Gynecomastia and hyperkalemia
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glucocorticoid with greatest topical activity
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dexamethasone
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glucocorticoid with the greatest anti-inflamitory potency
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dexamethasone
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glucocorticoids used in asthma for their very sort half lives and ability to penetrate the mucosa
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beclomethasone and budesonide
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glucocorticoid and mineral corticoid insufficiency
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Addison's disease
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excess cortisol production
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cushing disease or syndrome
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what time of day is cortisol production higest and lowest?
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highest- morning, lowest-midnight
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glucocorticoid used in premature labor to hasten maturation of fetal lungs
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betamethasone
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glucocorticoids with mineral corticoid activity
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cortisol, prednisone
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MOA of aldosterone
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inserts Na+ and K+ channels into luminal side of renal collecting tubules; increases water resorption with Na+ while K+ is excreated
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action of ACTH
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increases cortisol, aldosterone, and androgen production by: stimulating lipoprotein uptake into cortical cells (this increases the bio-availability of cholesterol in the cells of the adrenal cortex) increasing the transport of cholesterol into the mitochondria and activating its hydrolysis, stimulating the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme CYP 450scc/cholesterol desmolase/20,22-desmolase (which is the rate-limiting step in the production of pregnenolone).
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mineralcorticoid with anti-inflamitory activity
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fludrocortisone
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mineralcorticoid with long duration of action
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fludrocortisone
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drug used as an abortifant also used for cushing syndrome
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Mifepristone
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MOA of mifepristone
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inhibitor of glucocorticoid and progesterone receptors
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MOA of ketoconazole
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inhibits CYP450 enzymes
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drug which inhibits cortisol production, but not production of cortisol precursors (used to diagnose adrenal function)
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metyrapone
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