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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Toxins
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- substances produced by BIOLOGICAL systems such as plants and animals
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Toxicants
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- toxic substances produced by human activities
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Toxidrome
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- toxicologic syndromes
- signs and symptoms consistently associated with specific toxic agents |
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Risk
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- expected frequency of the occurrence of an undesidrable effect arisign from exposure
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Hazard
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- ability of a chemcial agent to cause injury in a given situation or setting
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Potentiation
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- special form of synergism
- when a chemical that itself produces no effect increases the toxicity of another |
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ABCD's of poison TX
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- A= airway
- B= breathing must be assessed - C= circulation - D= Dextrose - given to pts with altered mental status |
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Decontamination
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- skin
- GI: emesis gastric lavage catharsis activated charcoal |
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Enhanced elimination of toxicants
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- changing urinary pH
- dialysis - hemoperfusion - hemodialysis |
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Antidote:
Bind to the toxicant and inactivate it |
- chelators for metals posoning
- antibody fragments for digoxin overdose |
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Antidote:
Block critical receptor |
- naloxone for opioid agents
- atropine for anticholinesterases |
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Antidote:
change toxicant metabolism |
- N-acetylcysteine increases deactivation of acetamonphen toxic metabolite
- ethanol competititvely inhibits conversion of methanol to more toxic formaldehyde and formic acid - how are these good??? |
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Antidote:
Reversal of the viochemical damage produced by the toxicant |
- pralidoxime reverses phosphorylation produced by anticholinesterase insecticide poisoning and reactivates enzyme
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Antivenin
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- snake or spider bite
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Atropine
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- cholinesteerase inhibitors and lots of stuff
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deferoximine mesylate
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- iron poisoning
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dimercaprol (BAL)
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- arsenic, mercury, gold, lead
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EDTA
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- lead
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naloxone (narcan)
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- opioids
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d-penicillamine
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- copper
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