Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
drugs that affect _____ systems have a prfound effect on the overall excitability of the CNS
|
hierarchical
|
|
the main excitatory and inhibitory NTs in hierarchical systems?
|
ex: Asp, Glu
inh: GABA, Glycine |
|
main NTs in diffuse systems?
|
NE, DA, 5HT or peptides that act on metabotropic recepors
|
|
what receptor mediates most of the CNS responses to ACh?
|
muscarinic M1 receptors
|
|
what is the mechanism of excitation by M1 receptors?
|
slow excitation d/t decreased membrane permeability to K+
|
|
what is the mechanism of action of DA?
|
slow inhibitory actions at synapses:
presynaptic inactivation of Ca channels postsynaptic activation of K+ channels |
|
where are the majority of NE neuron cell bodies located?
|
brain stem and lateral tegmental area of the pons
|
|
which receptors for NE are excitatory and which are inhibitory?
|
excitatory: α1, β1
inhibitory: α2, β2 |
|
where is the origin of most of the serotonin pathways in the CNS?
|
raphe nucleus or midline regions of pons and upper brain stem
|
|
most agents used in treating MDD affect which NT?
|
serotonin
|
|
MOA of phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine
|
block NMDA recepors
|
|
MOA of GABA-A receptors
|
opens chloride channels
fast IPSPs |
|
MOA of GABA-B receptors
|
coupled to G proteins that either open K+ channels or close Ca channels
slow IPSPs |
|
which drugs influence GABA-A receptor systems?
|
sedative hypnotics (barb's, benzos, zolpidem)
some anticonvulsants (gabapentin, tiagabine, vigabatrin) |
|
MOA of strychnine?
|
spinal convulsant; blocks glycine receptors (more numberous in SC than in brain)
|
|
what are the subtypes of opioid peptides?
|
beta-endorphin, met-enkephalin, leu-enkephalin, dynorphin
|
|
peptide mediator of slow EPSPs in nociceptive neurons in brain stem and SC?
|
substance P
|
|
MOA of endocannabinoid NT's?
|
synthesized and released postsynaptically after depolarization but travel backward to cause retrograde decrease in NT release
|