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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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drugs that affect _____ systems have a prfound effect on the overall excitability of the CNS
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hierarchical
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the main excitatory and inhibitory NTs in hierarchical systems?
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ex: Asp, Glu
inh: GABA, Glycine |
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main NTs in diffuse systems?
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NE, DA, 5HT or peptides that act on metabotropic recepors
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what receptor mediates most of the CNS responses to ACh?
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muscarinic M1 receptors
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what is the mechanism of excitation by M1 receptors?
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slow excitation d/t decreased membrane permeability to K+
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what is the mechanism of action of DA?
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slow inhibitory actions at synapses:
presynaptic inactivation of Ca channels postsynaptic activation of K+ channels |
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where are the majority of NE neuron cell bodies located?
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brain stem and lateral tegmental area of the pons
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which receptors for NE are excitatory and which are inhibitory?
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excitatory: α1, β1
inhibitory: α2, β2 |
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where is the origin of most of the serotonin pathways in the CNS?
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raphe nucleus or midline regions of pons and upper brain stem
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most agents used in treating MDD affect which NT?
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serotonin
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MOA of phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine
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block NMDA recepors
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MOA of GABA-A receptors
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opens chloride channels
fast IPSPs |
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MOA of GABA-B receptors
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coupled to G proteins that either open K+ channels or close Ca channels
slow IPSPs |
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which drugs influence GABA-A receptor systems?
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sedative hypnotics (barb's, benzos, zolpidem)
some anticonvulsants (gabapentin, tiagabine, vigabatrin) |
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MOA of strychnine?
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spinal convulsant; blocks glycine receptors (more numberous in SC than in brain)
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what are the subtypes of opioid peptides?
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beta-endorphin, met-enkephalin, leu-enkephalin, dynorphin
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peptide mediator of slow EPSPs in nociceptive neurons in brain stem and SC?
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substance P
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MOA of endocannabinoid NT's?
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synthesized and released postsynaptically after depolarization but travel backward to cause retrograde decrease in NT release
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