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261 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a.d.
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right ear
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a.s., a.l.
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left ear
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a.u.
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each ear
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i.m., IM
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intramuscular
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inj
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injection
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i.v., IV
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intravenous
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i.v.p., IVP
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intravenous push
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IVPB
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intravenous piggyback
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o.d.
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right eye
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o.s., o.l.
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left eye
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o.u.
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each eye
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per neb
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by nebulizer
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p.o.
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by mouth
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p.r.
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rectally, into the rectum
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p.v.
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vaginally, into the vagina
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SC, subc, subq
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subcutaneously
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S.L.
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sublingually, under the tongue
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top.
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topically, locally
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aq, aqua
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water
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caps
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capsules
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cm
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cream
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elix.
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elixir
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liq.
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liquid
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supp.
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suppository
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SR, XR, XL
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slow/extended release
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syr.
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syrup
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tab.
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tablet
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ung., oint.
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ointment
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a.c.
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before food, before meals
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a.m.
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morning
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b.i.d., bid
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twice a day
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h
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hour, at the hour of
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h.s.
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at bedtime
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p.c.
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after food, after meals
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p.m.
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afternoon or evening
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p.r.n., prn
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as needed
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q.i.d., qid
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four times a day
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q
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each, every
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q.d.
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every day
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q_h
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every hour
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qod
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every other day
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stat
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immediately
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t.i.d., tid
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three times a day
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./I
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one
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a.a. or aa
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of each
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ad
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to, up to
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aq. ad
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add water up to
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dil.
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dilute
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div.
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divide
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f, fl.
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fluid
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fl. oz.
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fluid ounce
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g., G., gm.
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gram
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gtt.
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drop
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l, L
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liter/Litre
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mcg.
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microgram
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mEq.
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milliequivalent
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mg.
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milligram
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ml., mL
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milliliter/millilitre
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q.s.
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a sufficient quantity
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q.s. ad
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add sufficient quantity to make
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../ss or ss
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one-half
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tbsp.
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tablespoon
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tsp.
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teaspoon
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c
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with
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disp.
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dispense
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f, ft.
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make, let it be made
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NR
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no refill
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/s
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without
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ut dict., u.d.
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as directed
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sig.
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write, label
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1 L = ? ml
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1 L = 1000 ml
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1 kg = ? g
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1 kg = 1,000 g
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1 g = ? mg
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1 g = 1,000 mg
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1 mg = ? mcg
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1 mg = 1,000 mcg
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1 lb = ? oz
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1 lb = 16 oz
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1 oz = ? gr
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1 oz = 437.5 gr
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1 gr = ? mg
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1 gr = 64.8 mg
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1 gal = ? qt
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1 gal = 4 qt
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1 qt = ? pt
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1 qt = 2 pt
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1 pt = ? fl oz
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1 pt = 16 fl oz
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1 fl oz = ? fl dr
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1 fl oz = 8 fl dr
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1 fl dr = ? m
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1 fl dr = 60 m
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1 tsp = ? ml
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1 tsp = 5 ml
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1 tbsp = ? ml
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1 tbs = 15 ml
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1 cup = ? fl oz
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1 cup = 8 fl oz
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F <------> C formula
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9C = 5F - 160
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roman numeral L
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L = 50
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roman numeral C
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C = 100
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roman numeral D
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D = 500
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roman numeral M
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M = 1,000
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Ex. of Schedule I drugs
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Heroin
opium derivatives hallucinogenic substances |
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Ex. of Schedule II drugs
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amphetamines
opium cocaine methadone various opiates |
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Ex. of Schedule III drugs
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Anabolic steroids
codeine |
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Ex. of Schedule IV drugs
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phenobarbital
chloral hydrate methohexital |
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Form used to order CI and II substances
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DEA form 222
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Form used for application for new registration
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DEA form 224
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Form used for renewal application for registration
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DEA form 224a
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Form used for retail pharmacy registration affidavit for chain renewal
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DEA form 224b
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Form used for registrants inventory of drugs surrendered
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DEA form 41
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Form used for report of theft or loss of controlled substances
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DEA form 106
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Form used for new application registration for narcotic treatment program
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DEA form 363
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Form used for application for DEA registration for NTP renewal registration
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DEA form 363a
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Form used for application for registration for chemical registration
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DEA form 510
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Which recall class is used when there is a strong likelihood the product could cause serious affects or death?
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Class I
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Which recall is used when a product may cause temporary but reversible effects?
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Class II
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Which recall is used when a product is not likely to cause adverse effects?
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Class III
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US legislation which required pharmacists to provide consulting services to Medicaid patients
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OBRA 90
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Pharm techs are legally responsible for privacy and security of protected health information
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HIPAA
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Leading enforcement agency at federal level for regulations concerning drug products
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FDA
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Agency which controls distribution of drugs that may be easily abused
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DEA
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Prohibited interstate commerce in adulterated or misbranded food, drinks, and drugs. Govt pre-approval of drugs required
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Food and Drug Act of 1906
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In response to fatal poisoning, this comprehensive law requires new drugs be shown to be safe before marketing
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1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic (FDC) Act
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This law defines what drugs require a prescription by a licensed practitioner and requires them to include label legend: caution: federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription
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1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment
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Requires drug manufacturers to provide proof of both safety and effectiveness before marketing the drug
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1962 Kefauver-Harris Amendments
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Requires child-proof packaging on all controlled and most prescription drugs dispensed by pharmacies
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1970 Poison Prevention Packaging Act
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Law that classifies drugs that may be easily abused and restricts their distribution. Enforced by DEA
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1970 Controlled Substances Act (CSA)
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Schedule of drugs like heroin, various opium derivatives, and hallucinogenic substances
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Schedule I
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Schedule of drugs like amphetamines, opium, cocaine, methadone, and various opiates
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Schedule II
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Schedule of drugs like anabolic steroids and various compounds containing limited quantities of narcotic substances such as codeine
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Schedule III
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Schedule of drugs like phenobarbital, sedative chloral hydrate, and anesthetic methohexital
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Schedule IV
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Schedule of drugs like compounds containing limited amounts of a narcotic such as codeine
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Schedule V
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________ mortars are used to grind crystals and large particles into fine powders
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Wedgwood and Porcelain
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______ mortars are used for mixing liquids and semisolid dosage forms
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Glass mortar and pestle
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OSHA required information for handling hazardous chemicals
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Material Safety Data Sheets
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A preferred reference for comprehensive and timely drug information, containing information about prescription OTC products
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Drug Facts and Comparisons (DFC)
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"The Extra Pharmacopoeia," contains information on drugs in clinical use internationally
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Martindale
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An annual publication that contains information similar to pharmaceutical manufacturers' drug package inserts
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Physician's Desk Reference
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The authority for drug information questions. It groups drug monographs by therapeutic use.
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AHFS Drug Information
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Provides comprehensive information on compounding, packaging, labeling, and storage of pharmaceutical preparations
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USP Pharmacist's Pharmacopeia Product Information
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A collection of monographs available parental drugs that include preparation, storage administration, compatibility, and stability of injectable drugs
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Handbook on Injectable Drugs
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Information on chemicals, drugs, and biologicals including names, chemical structures, and physical and toxicity data
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Merck Index
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A comprehensive list of drug products that contains trade and generic drug names, phonetic pronunciations, indications, manufacturers, and schedule information in a dictionary format
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American Drug Index
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Guide to products and prices, providing annual price lists of drug products including manufacturer, package size, strength, and wholesale and retail prices
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Red Book
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Common name for the FDA's Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations
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"Orange Book"
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Occurs when 2 drugs with different sites or mechanisms of action produce greater effects than the sum of individual effects
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Synergism
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Occurs when 2 drugs with similar pharmacological actions are taken
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Additive Effects
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An agreement for cost sharing between insurer and insured
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Co-insurance
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Portion of the price of medication that the patient is required to pay
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Co-pay
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Set amount that must be paid by the patient for each benefit period before insurer will cover additional expenses
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Deductible
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Co-pays that have 2 prices:one for generic and one for brand medications
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Dual co-pay
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Standard form used by health care providers to bill for services
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CMS 1500 form
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Identifiers used for billing pharmacist-provided MTMS
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CPT code
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Network of providers for which costs are covered inside but not outside of the network
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HMO
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Maximum price per tablet an insurer or PBM will pay for a given product
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Maximum Allowable Cost (MAC)
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Federal state program, administered by states, providing health care for needy
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Medicaid
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Federal program providing health care to people with certain disabilities over age 65
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Medicare
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Resolution of prescription coverage through communication of pharmacy computer with 3rd party computer
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Online adjudication
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Manufacturer sponsored prescription drug programs for the needy
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Patient assistance programs
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Companies that administer drug benefit programs
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Pharmacy benefits managers
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Network of providers for which costs are covered inside but not outside of the network
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POS
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Network of providers where costs outside network may be partially reimbursed and patient's primary care physician need not be a member
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PPO
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Cards that contain third part billing information for prescription drug purchases
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prescription drug benefit cards
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Maximum amount of payment for a given prescription, determined by insurer to be a reasonable price
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Usual and customary (U&C)
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Standard claim form accepted by many insurers for billing drugs
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Universal claim form
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Employer compensation program for employees accidentally injured on the job
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worker's compensation
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Form used by health-care providers to apply for a National Provider Identifier (NPI)
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CMS-10114
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Substances that carry impulses from one neuron to another
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Neurotransmitter
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Another name for an antagonist drug--because antagonists block action of a neurotransmitter
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Blocker
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State of equilibrium of the body
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Homeostasis
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Another term for an agonist drug--because agonists imitate or "mimic" the action of the neurotransmitter
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Mimetic
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State in which pain is not felt though a painful condition exists
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Analgesia
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Reduces fever
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Anti-pyretic
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Drugs related to morphine and codeine that can be habit-forming and are used for pain relief
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Opiate-type analgesics
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Same as opiate-type analgesics
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Narcotic analgesics
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Drugs related to aspirin that are used to relieve mild to moderate pain, and have anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties
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Salicylates
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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that have anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic properties
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NSAIDs
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Drug that relieves mild to moderate pain and has antipyretic properties
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Acetaminophen
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Drugs that block pain conduction from peripheral nerves to the central nervous system without causing a loss of consciousness
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Local anesthetics
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Stage of anesthesia in which surgery can be safely conducted
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Surgical anesthesia
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An overdose of anesthesia that paralyzes the respiratory and heart centers of the medulla, leading to death
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Medullary paralysis
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Drug that destroys microorganisms
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Antibiotic (antimicrobial)
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Drug that attacks a virus
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Antiviral
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Drug that destroys fungi or inhibits growth of fungi
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Antifungal
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Drug that attacks the organisms that cause tuberculosis and leprosy
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Antimycobacterial
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Drug that destroys protozoa
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Antiprotozoal
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Drug that destroys worms
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Antihelmintic
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Bacteria killing
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Bactericidal
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Bacteria inhibiting
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Bacteriostatic
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Drug that inhibits the growth of viruses
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Virustatic
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Drug that inhibits new growth of cancer cells
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Antineoplastic
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A type of white blood cell that releases antibodies that destroy disease cells
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Lymphocyte
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When cancer cells spread beyond their original site
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Metastasis
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A new and abnormal tissue growth, often referring to cancer cells
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Neoplasm
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A state in which cancer cells are inactive
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Remission
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An abnormal heart rhythm
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Arrhythmia
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Contraction and relaxation of the heart that pumps blood through the cardiovascular system
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Cardiac cycle
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Minimum blood pressure when the heart relaxes; the second number in a blood pressure reading
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Diastolic pressure
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A graph of the heart's rhythm
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Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)
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A clot that has traveled in the bloodstream to a point where it obstructs flow
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Embolism
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Heart muscle
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Myocardium
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Maximum blood pressure when the heart contracts; first number in a blood pressure reading
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Systolic pressure
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A blood clot
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Thrombus
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Drugs used to treat cardiac related chest pain (angina)
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Antianginals
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Drugs used to treat irregular heart rhythms
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Antiarrhythmics
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Drugs used to reduce a sustained elevation in blood pressure
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Antihypertensives
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Drugs used to increase blood pressure
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Vasopressors
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Drugs used to lower high levels of cholesterol
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Antihyperlipidemics
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Drugs used to dissolve blood clots
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Thrombolytics
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Drugs used to prevent blood clot formation
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Anticoagulants
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Drugs that reduce the oxygen demands of the heart muscle
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Beta blockers
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Drugs that relax the heart by reducing heart conduction
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Calcium channel blockers
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Drugs that decrease the blood pressure by decreasing blood volume
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Diuretics
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The "pril" drugs that relax the blood vessels
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ACE inhibitors
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Drugs that relax and expand the blood vessels
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Vasodilators
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A product that is used to treat a skin condition
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Dermatological
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The skin
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Integumentary system
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Negatively charged ion
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Anion
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Positively charged ion
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Cation
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When a compound breaks down and separates into smaller components
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Dissociation
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A substance that in solution forms ions that conduct an electrical current
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Electrolytes
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Fluid outside the body's individual cells found in plasma and tissue fluid
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Extracellular fluids
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Cell fluid
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Intracellular fluids
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Tissue fluid
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Interstitial fluid
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Electrically charged particles
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Ions
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A suspension containing infectious agents used to boost body's immune system response
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Vaccine
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The semi-liquid form of food as it enters the interstitial tract
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Chime
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The wave-like motion of the intestines that moves food through them
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Peristalsis
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Substances in the body that help the body to break down molecules
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Enzymes
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Drugs used to treat diarrhea
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Antidiarrheals
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Drugs used to treat nausea and vomiting
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Antiemetics
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Drugs used to neutralize acids
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Antacids
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Drugs that promote defecation
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Laxatives
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Drugs that promote mixing of fatty and watery internal substances to soften the stool's contents and ease the evacuation of feces
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Stool softeners
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Drugs that affect the blood
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Hematological agents
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Fiber that serves as the structure for clot formation
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Fibrin
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Decrease in hemoglobin or red blood cells
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Anemia
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Drugs that prevent excessive bleeding
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Hemostatic drugs
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Chemicals that are secreted in the body by the endocrine system's ductless glands
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Hormones
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Hormonal steroid substances produced by the cortex of the adrenal gland
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Corticosteroid
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System of hormone secreting glands
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Endocrine system
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Overproduction of thyroid hormones
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Hyperthyroidism
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Underproduction of thyroid hormones
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Hypothyroidism
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Hormone that controls body's use of glucose
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Insulin
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Hormone that helps convert amino acids to glucose
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Glucagon
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Condition in which the body does not produce enough insulin or is unable to use insulin efficiently
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Diabetes mellitus
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Blood sugar
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Serum glucose
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Male sex hormone
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Androgen
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Female sex characteristic hormone that is involved in calcium and conservation
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Estrogen
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Female sex characteristic hormone that is involved in ovulation prevention
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Progesterone
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Primary androgen (sex hormone)
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Testosterone
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Painful inflammation condition in which excess uric acid accumulates in the joints
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Gout
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Chronic and often progressive inflammatory condition with symptoms that include swelling, feelings of warmth, and joint pain
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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Disorder characterized by weight-bearing bone deterioration, decreasing range of motion, pain, and deformity
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Osteoarthritis
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Progressive neuromuscular condition
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Parkinson's disease
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Progressive dementia condition
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Alzheimer's disease
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Neurologic disorder characterized by seizures
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Epilepsy
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Type of headache associated with possible auras and pain
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Migraine headaches
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Drugs used for conditions of the eye
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Ophthalmic agents
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Inflammation of the eyelid opening
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Conjunctivitis
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Disorder characterized by high pressure with the eye
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Glaucoma
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Drugs that dilute the pupil
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Mydriatics
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Drugs that are intended to relax and calm
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Sedatives
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Drugs that are intended to induce sleep
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Hypnotics
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Disorder characterized by mood swings
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Bipolar disorders
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Disorder characterized by low mood
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Depression
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Condition characterized by chronic airway inflammation
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Asthma
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Condition associated with chronic airway inflammation
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Emphysema
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Drugs that replace histamine at histamine receptor sites
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Antihistamines
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Drugs that cause mucous membrane vasoconstriction
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Decongestants
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Drugs that are used to treat coughs
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Antitussives
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Drugs that are used to relieve bronchospasm
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Bronchodilators
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