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113 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acute dystonia |
abnormal posturing |
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Tardive Dyskinesia |
twisting worm like movements of the tongue (early) lip smacking/flicking of tongue (late) |
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metabolic syndrome |
BS ^ BP ^ LDL/TRG ^ Body fat ^ (especially abd) |
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hypertensive crisis |
caused when MAOI interact with aged food or Tyramine |
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hypertensive crisis S/S |
diplopia HTN Nausea with or with vomiting |
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Steven Johnson syndrome |
often fatal inflammatory disease of the skin mucous membranes causing necrosis and skin loss 10 - 30 % |
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Preeclampsia |
pregnancy induced HTN |
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Seizure Medications |
Phenytoin
Dilantin Phenonbarbital Clonezpam (Klonopin) Diazapam (Valium) Valpoic Acid (Depakene) |
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Succinimides medications |
Ethosuximide (Zarotin) Carbamazepine (Tegretol) |
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Succinimides method of action |
increase seizure threshold and reduce EKG spikes |
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Carbamazapine is not |
effective with absent seizures |
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Magnesium Sulfate |
- Used to treat preeclampsia - Must be stopped 2 hrs before child birth - stops premature labor/birth |
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Febrile Seizure |
- due to high fever of child typically under 6yrs age - Can progress to status epilepticus - Natural response to hyperthermia |
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Febrile seizure actions |
- if seizure resolves temperature no action necessary - second seizure seek medical attention |
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Atonic Seizures |
"Drop Attack" global weakness causing falling to floor must wear helmets |
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status epiliticus |
-back to back seizures that are medical emergencies - can last 30 minutes or more |
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Status epiliticus Tx |
Diazapam (Valium) Lorazepam (Ativan) |
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Phenytoin (Dilatin) SE |
gingival hyperplasia sedation nystagmus diplopia |
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Phenytoin (Dilatin) education |
- do no double dose - do not stop medication abruptly - if rash develops seek medical attention - do not operate heavy equipment |
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Phenobarbital education |
- may render birth control ineffective
- should take two forms of b/c if you are sexually active |
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Benziodiapines method of action for seizures |
suppress seizure activity proceeded by foci of the cortex, thalamus, limbic area of the brain |
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Atypical Schizophrenic medications |
Risperidone (Risperadal) Aripiprazole (Ablify) Quetiapine (Seroquel) |
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Convention Schizophrenic medications |
Haloperidol (Haldol) |
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Tricyclic Antidepressants |
Amitriptyline (Elavil) Imiprantyne (Tofranil) Proptriptyline (Vivactil)
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SSRI medications |
Escitalopram (Lexapro) Flouxetine (Prozac) Sertracine (Zoloft) |
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MAOI medications |
Isocarboxazid (Marplan) Phenelzine (Nardil) |
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anit-Psychotics method of action |
Block dopamine receptors in the brain |
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SNRI medications |
Duloxetine (Cymbalta) Desuenlafaxine (Pristiq) Venlafaxine (Effexor) |
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Atypical anti-depressants Medications |
Bupropion (Wellburtrin) |
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Bipolar Medications |
Lithium Carbamazepine (Tegretal) Valpoic Acid |
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Atypical Bipolar medications |
Aripiprazole (Ablify) Risperidone (Risperdal) |
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Benziodiapiness Anti-anxiety Medications |
Alprazolam (Xanax) Diazepam (Valium) |
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non-Benziodiapines medications |
Zolpidem (Ambien) Escopicione (Lunesta) |
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Epilepsy categories |
idiopathic primary |
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Epilepsy DX |
5-20 yrs are idiopathic after age 20 secondary epilepsy is typically caused by something |
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Simple Partial Onset |
"Day Dreamer" No aura Temporary unawareness for a few seconds complete loss of awareness 10 - 100 of episodes a day can occur |
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Complex Partial seizures |
Preceded by an aura unusual movements brief alterations of LOC |
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TONIC CLONIC s/s |
excessive stimulation of the grey mater of the brain with rigidity/jerking, loss of consciousness |
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TONIC stage of seizures |
rigidity preceded by an aura loss of motor control |
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Clonic Stage seizures |
Rapid jerking motion head banging |
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Nursing Implications of seizure |
prevent aspirations turn on side cradle head do not place anything in mouth |
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Categories of seizures |
Myoclonic Absense Febrile |
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Benziodiapines |
there are two Benziodiapines receptors in the brain that are enhanced by GABA |
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Benziodiapines used for |
Anxiety disorders ETOH withdrawal insomnia seizures |
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Benziodiapines "Naming" |
end with "lam" or "pam" |
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Elderly and Benziodiapiness |
monitored for paradoxical effect |
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Benziodiapines SE |
- constipation - drowsiness - dry mouth - hiccups - HA - N/V |
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Benziodiapines education |
- can develop a tolerance or dependency - must be tapered off slowly |
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Benziodiapines contraindications |
renal function suicidal indentations |
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Benziodiapines and suicide |
can have a "clearing of the mind" allowing them to perform the action or carry out a suicide attempt
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Barbiturates usages |
- Mild sedation to deep sleep *** Heavy Sedation effect *** Suppress respiration No analgesic effect |
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Barbiturate warning |
Respiratory distress and suppression |
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Barbiturates naming |
ending with "barbital" |
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Phenobarbital uses |
used to induce medical coma |
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Barbiturates indications of use |
Pre-op Seizures insomnia anxiety |
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Steven Johnson Syndrome from barbiturates |
Bullae of skin Night terrors Heavy grogginess |
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ADHD medications |
Dextroamphetamine sulfate (dexadrine) (Adderall) methylphenidate (Ritalin) Lisdex-amfetamine ( Vyvanse) |
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Migraines medications |
Ergot Alkaloids Valproic Acid (Depakote) Topiramate (Topamax) |
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Ergot Alkaloids contra-indications |
peripheral vascular disease (PVD) Cardio vascular disease renal impairment liver impairment HTN |
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Anxiety S/S |
tachycardia trembling pain SOA |
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psycho-social S/S of anxiety |
fear apprehension uneasiness |
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Anxiety can be |
situational or chronic diagnoses that effects daily living |
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6 main anxiety types |
general anxiety panic phobia obsessive compulsive social anxiety PTSD |
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broad medications for anxiety |
Sedatives hypnotics |
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Sedative effects |
cause you to relax, relax the brain |
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hypnotics effects |
they put you to sleep |
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Deep sleep deprivation S/S |
cause you withdrawal and to be less aggressive |
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Dream sleep deprivation S/S |
- mental confusion - suspicious - irritable/aggression |
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priority of sleep |
deep sleep takes priority over dream sleep |
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ADHD/ADD indications |
- impulsive that can be destructive - inability to focus - part of immaturity - typical 7 yrs of age most out grow - most ppl not diagnosed until adulthood |
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ADHD/ADD medication effects |
mood alteration increased mental focus prolonged wakefulness |
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Narcolepsy indications |
- unexpected loss of consciousness - incurable neurological dysfunction - "Dysfunction "REM" |
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Narcolepsy S/S |
- acute skeletal weakness - migraines |
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Ritalin (Adderal) |
short acting ADHD medication |
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Concerta |
Long acting ADHD medication |
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ADHD/Narcolepsy education |
class II medications requires prescription NO REFILLS |
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Atomextine |
ADHD medication that is the lone exception to the CLASS II scheduled drug |
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MAOI limitations |
- dietary restrictions - aged food - Tyramine |
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Tyramine can cause |
hypertensive crisis |
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Hypertensive crisis S/S |
Diplopia HTN change of LOC Nausea with or with vomiting |
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SNRI method of action |
Similar action SSRI inhibit serotonin uptake at synaptic junction |
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Bipolar Disorder indications |
extreme highs and lows with euphoria effect during the highs. Highs and lows can both be a destructive lifestyle Phases of internal to the person |
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Atypical Bipolar medications are |
less agranulocytosis effective for manic stages of Bipolar |
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Lithium profile |
extremely narrow TI
requires blood monitoring until TI is reached *** Must be below 1.5 meq/L |
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Lithium numbers <1.5 meq/L |
N/V diarrhea abd bloating muscle weakness fine hand tremors |
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Lithium numbers <1.5 - 2. 0 meq/L |
GI upset coarse hand tremor confusion sedation |
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Lithium numbers <2.0 - 2.5 meq/L |
Ataxia Giddiness increase urine output EKG changes |
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Lithium numbers >2.5 |
SEIZURES DEATH |
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Tricyclic antidepressants |
- Block monamin (norephrine/serotonin) - give euphoric effect - also treat neuropathic pain and insomnia |
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SSRI method of action |
inhibit serotonin uptake at the synaptic junction |
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SSRI cause |
a euphoric effect and most commonly prescribed for antidepressants |
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MAOI SE |
hypertensive crisis orthostatic hypo-tension CNS stimulation |
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SNRI SE |
N/V Insomnia dry mouth fatigue hypo-tension |
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Atypical antidepressants SE |
Seizures Agitation HA dry mouth |
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SSRI SE education |
cause sexual dysfunction weight gain |
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Serontion Syndrome (describe) |
begins 2- 72 hours after using SSRI combined with MAOI causes altered mental status, anxiety, hallucinations, diaphorisis, and tremors that lead to suicide and death |
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MAOI method of action |
converts monamin transmitters to an inactive form |
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Monamin xmitters |
Norephrine Serotonin Dopamine |
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Depression description |
chronic or long term episodes caused by trauma events or serious illness
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Depression theory |
insufficient neurotransmitter in the brain such as dopamine, serotonin, or acetylcholine |
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Clinical Diagnosis of depression |
5 classic signs with first two indications a must 1) Depressed mood most of the day 2) Loss of interest in almost all actives that used to bring joy or pleasure - insomnia - fatigue - feelings of worthlessness - inability to think or concentrate |
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Anti-depression Tx |
medications depression specific psychotherapy electroconvulsive therapy vagus nerve stimulation |
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Suicidal risks of depression and medications |
Medications may give a "Clear Thinking" to performing or carrying out thoughts of suicide
*** Put on suicide precautions |
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Anti-depressant Med Classes |
Tricyclic antidepressant
SSRI - Selective Serotonin/Reuptake inhibitor SNRI - Selective Norephrine/Reuptake inhibitor MAOI atypicals |
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Tricyclic danger |
High rate of suicide due to overdose |
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Anti-psychotic etiologies |
positive s/s negative s/s cognitive s/s |
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Schizophrenia is |
a break from reality that caused hallucinations, voices, complete loss of self care, and impaired thinking |
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Atypical medications profile for anti-schizophrenic |
work great for positive s/s and negative s/s Have significant SE |
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Neurological Malignant Syndrome |
High Fever Unstable BP myoglobinemia |
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Pseudo Parkisons indications |
tremors rigidity bradykinesia acute dystonia akathasia |
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Schizophrenia SE of atypical Medications
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increased insulin resistence weight gain LDL increase Prolonged QT (EKG changes) Postural hypotension |
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Do not use Schizophrenia Medications during what trimester of birth |
3rd |
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Schizophrenia SE of atypical Medications indications are called |
Metabolic syndrome |
