Pharm #1

Front 1

The use of drugs can affect the outcome of a disease in what 4 ways?

Back 1

-No effect.

-Speed recovery.

-Worsen condition.

-Cause an undesirable condition.

Front 2

Define Pharmacology?

Back 2

The study of drugs

Front 3

Define Drug?

Back 3

Chemicals used to diagnose/ cure/ treat/ or prevent.

Front 4

Define Biological?

Back 4

Preparation from living organism or their products.

Front 5

Define Pharmacodynamics?

Back 5

Study of the action of drugs on living systems.

Front 6

Define Chemotherapy?

Back 6

Treatment of disease with chemical agents.

Front 7

Define Toxicology?

Back 7

Study of poison.

Front 8

Define Indications?

Back 8

Reasons for using drugs.

Front 9

Define Contraindications?

Back 9

Reasons for not using drugs.

Front 10

Define Pharmacokinetics?

Back 10

What happens to drugs in the body.

Front 11

Define Toxicity?

Back 11

Adverse drug reactions.

Front 12

5 Rights of an animals?

Back 12

Patient

Drug

Dose

Concentration

Frequency/ Time

Route

Front 13

What 7 things must be noted after giving medications?

Back 13

Date.

Time.

Drug.

Amount.

Route.

Reaction.

Initials.

Front 14

What administering instructions should be given to client?

Back 14

Amt, Freq, Duration.

Given with or w/o food.

How to tips.

Signs to look for.

Withdrawal times.

Front 15

What can a Vet Tech not do?

Back 15

Prescribe, recommend or dispense.

Front 16

4 Sources of drugs?

Back 16

Mineral.(iron calcium iodine salt)

Animal. (organ extracts)

Synthetic.(lab made)

Vegetable.(plant fugi root.)

Front 17

What 3 things determine how drugs are named?

Back 17

Chemical name.

Generic name.

Trade name.

Front 18

Define Generic name?

Back 18

Technical name.

Front 19

How many classes of Schedules are there?

Back 19

5

Front 20

Schedule I?

Back 20

No accepted medical use. High abuse potential.

Front 21

Examples of Schedule I Drugs?

Back 21

Heroin, LSD, Crack, Peyote.

Front 22

Schedule II?

Back 22

Accepted medical uses. High abuse potential.

Front 23

Examples of Schedule II Drugs?

Back 23

Cocaine, Morphine, Codeine

Front 24

Schedule III?

Back 24

Less abuse potential.

Front 25

Examples of Schedule III Drugs?

Back 25

Ketamine, Thiopental.

Front 26

Examples of Schedule IV Drugs?

Back 26

Diazepam, Phenobarbital.

Front 27

Examples of Schedule V Drugs?

Back 27

Cough syrup.

Front 28

6 Causes of drug reactions?

Back 28

Overdoses.

Improper route.

Accidental exposure (wrong patient).

Drug interactions.

Improper use.

Side effects.

Front 29

Define Frank overdose?

Back 29

Accidental or math error. Absolute overdose.

Front 30

Define Relative overdose?

Back 30

Problem with patient. Sensitivity. Impaired metabolism. Presence of other drugs.

Front 31

4 Treatments of an overdose?

Back 31

Remove source.

Remove drug from body.

Charcoal.

Antidote.

Front 32

3 Ways to remove drugs from body?

Back 32

Emesis.

Gastric Lavage.

Diuresis.

Front 33

Define Gastric Lavage?

Back 33

Stomach pump.

Front 34

3 Ways to avoid Drug Reactions?

Back 34

-Uses as directed.

-Be aware of effects.

-Get patients history.

Front 35

What 5 factors determine if a drug should be Rx or OTC?

Back 35

-Manufacturing instructions.

-Abuse potential.

-Withdrawal period.

-Bacterial resistance.

-Potential side effects.

Front 36

Definition of Drug Residues in food animals?

Back 36

Trace of drugs in animal at time of slaughter or milking or eggs.

Front 37

3 Reasons why Drugs are used in Livestock?

Back 37

-Treat disease.

-Prevent disease.

-Increase weight gain.

Front 38

What reason for using drugs in livestock causes the highest drugs residue?

Back 38

To treat diseases.

Front 39

What are 2 reasons why Drug Residues are found in tissues at slaughter?

Back 39

-Dose was too high.

-Did not follow proper withdrawal time.

Front 40

What 3 type of drugs residues are food animals regulated for?

Back 40

-Carcinogens.

-Allergens.

-Resistance inducing.

Front 41

Define Carcinogens?

Back 41

Can cause cancer.

Front 42

Define Resistance inducing?

Back 42

Antibiotics passing into human food may increase bacterial resistance to that antibiotic into human population.

Front 43

What does Compounded Drugs consist of?

Back 43

Diluting or combining existing medications.

Front 44

How should Prescriptions be written?

Back 44

Metric units used, Abbreviations are used. Simple.

Front 45

What does a Prescription Label consist of?

Back 45

-Date.

-Clinic name and address.

-Directions.

-Client/pet.

-Name of drug

-Concentration.

-Quantity.

-DVM.

-Expiration date.

Front 46

What are the 3 Types of Drug Therapy?

Back 46

Specific therapy.

Symptomatic therapy.

Supportive therapy.

Front 47

What is Specific therapy?

Back 47

Treating the direct cause of disease that is known and treatable.

Front 48

What is Supportive therapy?

Back 48

Treatment not directed at either the cause or symptoms but supporting homeostasis. Fluids O2 Vitamins.

Front 49

What is Symptomatic therapy?

Back 49

Treats symptoms only. Cause in unknown or not treatable.

Front 50

What are the 2 forms of Drugs?

Back 50

External and Internal?

Front 51

3 Types of External Drugs?

Back 51

Lotions.

Ointments.

Drops.

Front 52

Define Liniments?

Back 52

Liquid preparations rubbed into the skin that produce heat.

Front 53

What are the 3 types of Internal forms of Drugs?

Back 53

-Liquids

-Solids

-Gases

Front 54

Define a liquid Solution?

Back 54

Drug dissolved in a solvent. Can go in IV.

Front 55

Define a liquid Suspension?

Back 55

Drug suspended in a liquid vehicle. Cannot go IV.

Front 56

What is the Route of the Drug Influenced by?

Back 56

Desired speed.

Duration of effect.

Ease of admin.

Properties of drug. (some are only iv)

Front 57

What are 2 Factors that can affect Drug Response?

Back 57

Species variation.

Individual variation.

Front 58

Define Pathological Conditions?

Back 58

Organ failure.

Front 59

Define Idiopathic?

Back 59

Unexplained response to drugs.

Front 60

What are the 5 Factors that influence the length a drug remains in body?

Back 60

Dose and route.

Absorption rate.

Extent of distribution.

Rate of metabolism.

Route of excretion.

Front 61

How is the Dose determined?

Back 61

By expirimentation by drug company.

Front 62

Define Therapeutic Dose?

Back 62

Dose that gives desired effect.

Front 63

LD?

Back 63

Lethal dose.

Front 64

ED?

Back 64

Effective dose.

Front 65

Definition of Absorption?

Back 65

Movement of drug from site to capillaries.

Front 66

4 Factors that influence Oral Absorption?

Back 66

Food in the stomach.

Anatomy of GI.

Health of GI tract.

Type of drug (may not absorb orally.)

Front 67

5 Factors that influence Injectable Absorption?

Back 67

Route.

Amt of absorptive area.

Blood supply to area.

Concentration.

Chem properties.

Front 68

Define Distribution?

Back 68

Movement of drug to other body compartments through blood stream.

Front 69

4 Factors that influence Distribution?

Back 69

Amt of Blood Flow to compartment.

Barriers to drug passage into compartment.

Chem prop of drug.

Chem prop of body compartment.

Front 70

Define Metabolism?

Back 70

Altering the drug to inactivate it and prepare for elimination.

Front 71

6 Factors that influence Metabolism?

Back 71

Enzymes in drug.

Health of liver and kidney.

Age.

Body temp.

Other drugs.

Tissue storage.

Front 72

When body temperature is increased, how does it effect the metabolism?

Back 72

It increased metabolism.

Front 73

5 Routes of Excretion?

Back 73

Urine.

Feces (liver)

Respiratory.

Sweat.

Tears.

Front 74

4 Factors that influence Excretion?

Back 74

Kidney function.

Chem nature of drug.

Renal blood flow.

Duration of doses.