Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
drugs that inhibit reuptake of catecholamines by the NE transporter in nerve terminals? |
cocaine, TCAs
|
|
|
nonselective agonist of alpha and beta adrenoceptors
|
epinephrine
|
|
|
at intermediate doses, activates beta receptors, at larger doses activates alpha receptors, and at any dose activates dopamine receptors?
|
dopamine
|
|
|
actions of α1 receptors
|
contracts everything (inc vascular resistance, mydriasis, erects hair) stimulates glycogenolysis
|
|
|
actions of α2 receptors
|
inhibits catecholamine and ACh release, stimulates plt aggregation, vasodilation of some vessels, inhibits lipolysis, inhibits insulin release
|
|
|
actions of β1 receptors (3)
|
inc HR, inc contractility, inc renin release
|
|
|
actions of β2 receptors (6)
|
relaxes airways, uterine and vascular smooth muscle; stimulates glycogenolysis, stimulates insulin release, causes tremor of voluntary muscle
|
|
|
action of β3 receptors (1)
|
stimulates lipolysis
|
|
|
action of D1 receptors (1)
|
dilates renal and other splanchnic vessels (dec resistance)
|
|
|
action of D2 receptors (1)
|
inhibits adenylyl cyclase in nerve terminals
|
|
|
metabolizers of catecholamines?
|
COMT, MAO
|
|
|
synthetic catecholamine that is not readily taken up into nerve endings
|
isoproterenol
|
|
|
drugs that have similar effects as, but last longer than catecholamines; are resistant to MAO and COMT; are orally active; have some CNS action;
|
Phenylisopropylamines (amphetamine, ephedrine)
|
|
|
MOA of α1 receptors? |
Gq protein activated, causes release of IP3 & DAG leading to Ca release in smooth muscles
|
|
|
MOA of α2 receptors
|
Gi protein activation causes inhibition of adenylyl cyclase
|
|
|
MOA of β and D1 receptors? |
Gs protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase causing inc cAMP in cell
|
|
|
D'sOC for reversing bronchospasm?
|
β2 agonists (albuterol, metaproterenol, terbualine)
|
|
|
sympathomimetics that can cause compensatory reflex bradycardia
|
α1 agonists (midodrine, phenylephrine)
(cause vasoconstriction & inc TPR) |
|
|
sympathomimetics that REDUCE sympathetic outflow and BP when given orally
|
α2 agonists (clonidine, oxymetazoline)
|
|
|
drugs that are useful in tx of renal flr assoc'd with shock
|
dopamine
(D1 receptors cause dilation of splanchnic and renal vascular beds) |
|
|
sympathomimetics with both α and β1 effects (e.g. NE) may cause what side effect?
|
reflexive increase in PNS outflow d/t increased BP and baroreceptor reflex
|
|
|
a pure ___ agonist will slow the HR via baroreceptor reflex, while a pure ___ agonist will increase the HR
|
α agonist (phenylephrine)
β agonist (isoproterenol) |
|
|
pulse pressure is influenced by what receptors?
|
β1 (control stroke volume)
|
|
|
DOC for anaphylaxis?
|
epinephrine
|
|
|
drugs often used to produce mydriasis and to reduce conjunctival itching and congestion from allergy
|
phenylephrine (α agonists)
|
|
|
sympathomimetics currently in use for glaucoma?
|
apraclonidine, brimonidine (newer α2 agonists - reduce aqueous humor synthesis)
|
|
|
drugs for asthma prophylaxis?
|
salmeterol, formoterol
|
|
|
sympathomimetics used in acute heart flr to increase CO and blood flow to tissues
|
Dobutamine (β1 agonists), and dopamine
|
|
|
DOC for chronic orthostatic hypotension?
|
oral ephedrine or midodrine
|
|
|
drug used to improve urinary continence?
|
ephedrine
|
|
|
toxic effects of catecholamines?
|
excessive vasoconstriction, arrhythmias, MI, hemorrhagic stroke, pulm edema or hemorrhage
|
|
|
toxic effects of ephedrine/amphetamine?
|
CNS sxs range from nervousness, anorexia, and insomnia to anxiety, aggressiveness/paranoia, and convulsions
|
|
|
toxic effects of cocaine?
|
arrhythmias, MI, convulsions
|
