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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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prototypical nonselective muscarinic blocker?
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atropine
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duration of action of atropine?
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4-8 h except in the eye (72h or longer)
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anticholinergics used for parkinsonism or for mydriasis have what chemical structure?
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tertiary amine (nonpolar, can cross lipid membranes of BBB and/or cornea)
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anticholinergics used to tx parkinsonism
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benztropine, trihexyphenidyl, biperiden
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anticholinergic used for motion sickness
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scopolamine
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anticholinergics used to produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
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atropine, homatropine, cyclopentolate, tropicamide
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antimuscarinic used to tx sxs of asthma and COPD
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ipratropium, tiotropium
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anticholinergics promoted for tx of stress incontinence?
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tolterodine, darifenacin
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antidote for organophosphate poisoning
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atropine (IV), pralidoxime
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why might ipratropium be preferred in the tx of asthma/COPD over beta agonists?
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less likely to cause tachycardia and arrhythmias in sensitive pts
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most dangerous side effect of antimuscarinics in children?
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atropine fever (hyperthermia 2/2 inhibition of thermoregulatory sweating)
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predictable antimuscarinic toxicities?
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inhibition of sweating, lacrimation and salivation, moderate tachycardia/arrhythmias, acute closed angle glaucoma (elderly), urinary retention (men w/ BPH), constipation, blurred vision
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nondepolarizing antinicotinic neuromuscular blockers?
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tubocurarine (long acting)
pancuronium, atracurium, vecuronium (shorter acting) |
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depolarizing neuromuscular blocker (nicotinic agonist)?
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succinylcholine
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how is succinylcholine metabolized?
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by butyrylcholinesterase (plasma cholinesterase or pseudocholinesterase)
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cholinesterase regenerator that acts as a chemical antagonist of ACh?
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Pralidoxime
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