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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
This selectively kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms at low concentrations
chemotherapy
This is a nonpathogenic organism typically populating surfaces of the body
normal flora
These are organisms that cause overt disease in the host
pathogen
This type of agent is primarily used to kill or inhibit the growth of organisms but is too toxic to use systemically
anti-infective agents
This type of agent is used locally or systemically to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms
antimicrobial agents
This is strictly defined as substances produced by microorganisms that suppress the growth or cause the death of other microorganisms
antibiotics
This is the action of antibiotics in which bacteria is killed
bactericidal
This is the action of antibiotics in which bacterial growth/proliferation is prevented without killing
bacteriostatic
This is the persistent suppression of bacterial growth after a brief exposure of bacteria to an antibiotic even in the absence of host defense mechanisms
post antibiotic effect
This spectrum of activity is mainly effective agaisnt either gram + or gram -, but not both
narrow-spectrum
This spectrum of activity is affective against a variety of gram + and gram -
extended spectrum
this spectrum of activity is effective agaisnt both gram + and gram - and other organisms as well
broad-spectrum
This type of antimicrobial resistance is passed on from parent to daughter cells
constitutive resistance
This type of antimicrobial resistance occurs when the drug fails to reach its target, not active, or the target is altered
acquired resistance
This mechanism of acquired resistance is the acquisition of bacterial DNA encoding resistance by a bacteriophage
transduction
This mechanism of acquired resistance is the uptake of naked extrabacterial DNA into the bacterial genome
transformation
This mechanism of acquired resistance is the transfer of resistance encoding DNA by a sex pilus (gram -)
conjugation
True or False: Antibiotics cause antimicrobial resistance
False
overuse/inappropriate use of antibiotics selects for the outgrowth of resistant organisms, it does not cause the resistancy
Definition: one drug interferes with the effects of another
antagonism
definition: the net result is the sum of the effects obtained with each agent alone
additon
definition: inhibition of growth by a combination of drugs at concentrations less than or equal to 25% of the MIC for each drug acting alone (the effect is greater than the sum of the parts)
synergism
True or False: gram negative bacteria does not have a liposaccharide layer
False
gram negative does have it.
Gram + does not have LPS