Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What am I:
tough, glue-like protein that represents 30% of body protein It shapes the structure of tendons, bones, and connective tissues |
collage
|
|
|
What am I:
disease in which problems with the immune system affect collagen |
collagen vascular disease
|
|
|
What are the complications associated with collagen vascular disease?
|
pleural effusions
heart problems lupus nephritis arthritis raynaud's phenomenon |
|
|
What are the criteria for diagnosing lupus?
|
malar (butterfly) rash
discoid rash photosensitivity oral ulcers arthritis serositis renal disorder neurological disorder hematologic disorder antinuclear antibody |
|
|
How many of the criteria for diagnosing lupus must a patient have to be diagnosed with lupus?
|
4
|
|
|
What other information is needed, other than the diagnosis criteria, is needed to rach a diagnosis?
|
epidemiologic characteristics
clinical signs/symptoms lab abnormalities |
|
|
What labs are specific for SLE?
|
anti-double stranded DNA
anti-SM antibody |
|
|
What are the common causes of death from SLE?
|
CAD
infection |
|
|
What are the musculoskeletal clinical presentation of SLE?
|
arthritis
arthralgia |
|
|
what are the constitutional clinical presentation of SLE?
|
fatigue
fever weight loss |
|
|
What are the CNS clinical presentation of SLE?
|
psychosis
seizures |
|
|
What are the hematologic clinical presentation of SLE?
|
anemia*
leukopenia thrombocytopenia antiphospholipid antibodies |
|
|
What are the pulmonary clinical presentations of SLE?
|
pleuritis
pleural effusion |
|
|
What are the cardiovascular clinical presentation of SLE?
|
pericarditis
endocarditis myositis murmur HTN |
|
|
What are the renal clinical presentation of SLE?
|
increased Cr
proteinuria nephritis |
|
|
What are the GI clinical presentation of SLE?
|
nausea
abdominal pain bowel hemorrhage |
|
|
What am I:
sign/symptom of SLE in which there is raised patches with keratotic scaling on the cheek and neck |
discoid lesion
|
|
|
What am I:
sign/symptom of SLE in which there is raised patches with keratotic scaling on face, forehead, and neck |
butterfly rash
|
|
|
What am I:
sign/symptom of SLE in which there is constricted digital arteries |
raynaud's syndrome
|
|
|
What drugs aggravate raynaud's syndrome?
|
any vasoconstrictor
BB nicotine narcotics cyclosporine cocaine |
|
|
What drugs help to alleviate raynaud's syndrome?
|
vasodialators
|
|
|
What am I:
A disorder of coagulation in which there are clots in both the artery and veins. Occurs due to autoimmune production of anticardiolipin antibodies or lupus anticoagulant |
secondary antiphopholipid antibody syndrome
|
|
|
What are the complications associated with secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome?
|
thrombosis
neurologic disease thrombocytopenia fetal loss |
|
|
What drug is used as prophylaxis for secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome?
|
asa
|
|
|
If thrombotic event occurs in secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, what is the target of warfarin therapy?
|
2.5-3.5
|
|
|
What is the goal of SLE treatment?
|
manage symptoms
induce remission maintain remission |
|
|
What are the non-drug treatment of SLE?
|
rest
exercise tobacco cessation fish oil to prevent miscarriage avoid alfalfa sprouts limit sun exposure |
|
|
In SLE treatment, what drug is given for inflammation?
|
NSAID or Cox-2 inhibitor
|
|
|
Which NSAIDs have a higher risk for hepatotoxicity?
|
Diclofenac
sulindac |
|
|
In SLE treatment, what drug is given to relieve arthralgia, pleuritis, mild pericarditis, fatigue, and leukopenia?
|
antimalarial - hydroxychloroquine
|
|
|
When using antimalarial to treat SLE, what needs to be done to the dose to suppress cutaneous manifestations?
|
titrate down 1-2 doses/week after 1-2 years
|
|
|
When using antimalarial to treat SLE, how should the drug be administered?
|
titrated up
|
|
|
In the treatment of SLE, what drug is used to maintain suppression of symptoms?
|
low dose (10-20mg/d) corticosteroids
|
|
|
In the treatment of SLE, what drug is used for periods of more severe symptoms?
|
high dose (1-2mg/kg/d) corticosteroids
|
|
|
what are the cytotoxic agents used in the treatment of SLE?
|
cyclophosphamide
azathioprine mycophenolate mofetil cyclosporine A |
|
|
Of the cytotoxic agent used in the treatment of SLE, which agent may be used with steroids in worsening lupus nephritis?
|
cyclosporine A
|
|
|
Of the cytotoxic agents used in the treatment of SLE, which agents have increased incidence of herpes?
|
cyclophosphamide
mycophenolate mofetil |
|
|
What am I:
lupus-like syndrome after exposure to suspected drug no prior history of idiopath SLE antinuclear antibody development rapid improvement after drug D/C |
drug-induced lupus
|
|
|
these drugs increase the risk of drug-induced lupus
|
procainamide (slow acetylators)
hydralazine (dose over 100mg/d) |
|
|
What drug will help to resolve symptoms associated with drug induced lupus?
|
NSAIDs
|
|
|
What am I:
massive deposition of collagen - skin thickening and tightening |
systemic sclerosis: scleroderma
|
|
|
These organ involvement can be fatal in scleroderma
|
GI
lung kidney heart |
|
|
This drug is a classic drug used in the treatment of scleroderma
|
D-penicillamine
|
|
|
This drug can be used to treat scleroderma if there there renal involvement or HTN
|
ACEI
|
|
|
These drugs can be used to treat scleroderma but are not as effective as D-penicillamine
|
NSAIDs
corticosteroids |
|
|
What am I:
chronic, necrotizing inflammation of skeletal muscle with or without skin involvement |
polymyositis and dermatomyositis
|
|
|
What symtoms are charactertic of polymyositis and dermatomyositis?
|
gottron's papules
heliotrope rash |
|
|
What drugs can be used to treat polymyositis and dermatomyositis?
|
prednisone
azathioprine gamm-globulin |
|
|
What am I:
can be primary or secondary to RA, SLE, or polymyositis is an immune-mediated destruciton of exocrine glands |
sjogren's syndrome
|
|
|
What drug can be used to stimulate functional exocrine glands to treat sjogren's syndrome?
|
pilocarpine
cevimeline |
|
|
What drug can be used to treat thrush associated with sjogren's syndrome?
|
nystatin
|
|
|
Other than drug therapy, what can be used to treat sjogren's syndrome?
|
sustitute secretions
|
|
|
What am I:
destructive inflammation within blood vessels |
systemic vasculitis
|
|
|
What am I:
vasculitis of mostly large blood vessels |
polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis
|
|
|
This symptom can occur in giant cell arteritis (temporal ateritis)
|
headache
|
|
|
What drug are polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis highly repsonsive to?
|
corticosteroids - prednisone
|
|
|
What am I:
vasculitis of mostly medium sized blood vessels (small muscle arteries, skin, peripheral nerves, GI tract, kidneys) |
polyarteritis nodosa
|
|
|
What drugs are used to treat polyarteritis nodosa?
|
corticosteroids
cyclophosphamide |
|
|
What am I:
vasculitis of small blood vessels (upper respiratory tract, lungs, kidneys, skin, digits) |
wegener's granulomatosis
|
|
|
______ risk is higher in wegener's granulomatosis than SLE
|
venous thromboembolism
|
|
|
what drugs can be used to treat wegener's granulomatosis?
|
corticosteroids
methotrexate |
|
|
What am I:
vasculitis after being exposed to suspected drug antinuclear antibodies often present |
drug-induced vasculitis
|
|
|
What drug is used for severe cases of drug-induced vasculitis?
|
corticosteroids
|
|
|
What drug can be used for life-threatening drug-induced vasculitis?
|
immunosuppresive agents
|
|
|
______ should bring resolution of drug-induced vasculitis in days to weeks
|
withdrawal of drug
|
|
|
What are the "side effects" of estrogens (either exogenous or endogenous)?
|
Bloating, edema, and thrombosis develop due to:
1) Na+ and water retention 2) Increase in clotting factors 3) Lipid alterations (increased HDL, decreased LDL, decreased cholesterol) |
|
|
_____ may take months to bring resolution of drug-induced vasculitis
|
serum
|
|
|
These drugs are implicated in drug-induced lupus
|
chlorpromazine
hydralazine isoniazid methydopa minocycline procainamide quinidine |
