Phar 362 - Cough & Cold: General Info And Signs And Symptoms

Front 1

"A cold is typically a self limiting infection" True or False

Back 1

TRUE

Front 2

What is the incidence of common cold in Adults?

Back 2

Typically 1-6 times a year.

Colds account for 40% of all time taken off work. Adults who exercise >5 days/week had a shorter duration of symptoms and lower severity scores

Front 3

What is the incidence of common cold in Children?

Back 3

Typically 6-8 times a year.

Colds account for 30% of all time away form school.

Lasts at least 10 days in school aged children.

Front 4

What are the common viruses that can cause the common cold? (3)

Back 4

1) Rhinovirus (>100 serotypes)

2) Corona Virus

3) Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Front 5

"5-10% of colds involve 2 different viruses" True or False?

Back 5

TRUE

Front 6

How do viruses cause a common cold?

Back 6

Viruses infect by binding to IAM-1 receptor on respiratory epithelial cells of nasopharynx.

The virus then replicates and spreads to other cells.

Also involves histamine and cytokine release

Front 7

What are the risk factors of the common cold?(7)

Back 7

1) Medications

2) Poor nutritional state

3) Chronic fatigue/stress

4) Age (young more likely)

5) Smoking

6) Respiratory Allergic Conditions

7) Increased Population Density (e.g. Daycare)

Front 8

What are the two methods of transmission of Common Cold? (2)

Back 8

1) Spread via Aerosolized Droplets

2) Spread via Infected Secretions (e.g. contaminated objects)

Front 9

"Common Colds can be spread via kissing" True or False?

Back 9

False, a study showed that married couples that if one person has a cold then there is 33-41% chance of spouse catching it

Front 10

What are the methods of prevention of Common Cold? (4)

Back 10

1) Washing hands frequently with soap and water

2) Hand sanitizers (ethyl alcohol, benzalkonium chloride)

3) Avoid touching sites of viral entry to the body 4) Wiping inanimate objects with disinfectant

Front 11

How long can a virus reside on a surface?

Back 11

2-3 hours

Front 12

Which hand sanitizer is currently under review?

Back 12

Triclosan

Front 13

What is the nasal discharge of Common Cold?

Back 13

Clear -> Cloudy

Front 14

What is the nasal discharge of Allergic RhinitIs?

Back 14

Clear and Copious

Front 15

What is the nasal discharge of Influenza?

Back 15

Clear -> Cloudy

Front 16

What is the nasal discharge of Sinusitis?

Back 16

Persistent and Purulent

Front 17

What is the nasal discharge of Pharyngitis?

Back 17

Rarely ever happens

Front 18

Is nasal congestion common with Common Cold?

Back 18

Yes, it is very common

Front 19

Is nasal congestion common with Allergic Rhinits?

Back 19

Yes

Front 20

Is nasal congestion common with Influenza?

Back 20

Yes

Front 21

Is nasal congestion common with Sinusitis?

Back 21

Yes

Front 22

Is nasal congestion common with Pharyngitis?

Back 22

Yes

Front 23

Is fever common with Common Cold?

Back 23

Rarely happens with a cold

Front 24

Is fever common with Allergic Rhinitis?

Back 24

No

Front 25

Is fever common with Influenza?

Back 25

Yes

Front 26

Is fever common with Sinusitis?

Back 26

Possible

Front 27

Is fever common with Pharyngitis?

Back 27

Yes

Front 28

Is sore throat common with Common Cold?

Back 28

Yes, it is very common

Front 29

Is sore throat common with Allergic Rhinitis?

Back 29

No

Front 30

Is sore throat common with Influenza?

Back 30

Yes

Front 31

Is sore throat common with Sinusitis?

Back 31

No

Front 32

Is sore throat common with Pharyngitis?

Back 32

Yes and it can very severe

Front 33

Is a cough common with Common Cold?

Back 33

Dry -> Wet are both common

Front 34

Is a cough common with Allergic Rhinitis?

Back 34

No

Front 35

Is a cough common with Influenza?

Back 35

Yes but typically its dry

Front 36

Is a cough common with Sinusitis?

Back 36

No

Front 37

Is a cough common with Pharyngitis?

Back 37

Yes, but it is very rare

Front 38

Is pain common with Common Cold?

Back 38

Mild pain is common

Front 39

Is pain common with Allergic Rhinitis?

Back 39

Sinus and Ear pain is very common

Front 40

Is pain common with Influenza?

Back 40

Headache and Myalgia are common

Front 41

Is pain common with Sinusitis?

Back 41

Headache and Facial Tenderness are common

Front 42

Is pain common with Pharyngitis?

Back 42

Possible but not common

Front 43

When should an adult patient with Cough and Cold be referred to a Physician?(8)

Back 43

1) Unexplained fever lasting >24hrs

2) Suspected bacterial infection

3) Rapid onset of painful throat and/or facial pain

4) Chest pain, wheezing, heavy chest

5) Prolonged persistent cough, with or w/out other symptoms

6) Difficulty breathing

7) Severe headache, neck pain/stiffness

8) Cold symptoms lasting longer than is typical

Front 44

When should a child patient with Cough and Cold be referred to a Physician? (9)

Back 44

1) Unexplained fever lasting >24hrs

2) Fever or suspected fever and <6 month old 3) Signs of potential bacterial illness

4) Cold symptoms last longer than 10 days

5) Infants at risk of showing signs of dehydration

6) Signs of serious illness: (severe pain at any sight, difficulty breathing, listlessness, refusing to drink)

7) Ear pain or pulling at ears

8) Chronic or bark like cough (=whooping cough)

9) Skin Rash

Front 45

What is the proper way to measure temperature for neonates - 2 year olds?

Back 45

1st Choice: Rectal

2nd Choice: Axillary

Front 46

"Tympanic method of temp reading is not recommended for neonates-2year olds" True or False?

Back 46

TRUE

Front 47

What is the proper way to measure temperature for 2-5 year olds?

Back 47

1st Choice: Rectal

2nd Choice: Axillary, Tympanic, Temporal

Front 48

What is the proper way to measure temperature for >5 year olds?

Back 48

1st Choice: Oral

2nd Choice: Axillary, Temporal

Front 49

What is the proper way to measure temperature for Adults?

Back 49

Usually oral

Front 50

How long does a sore throat last?

Back 50

0-4 days after onset of illness

Front 51

How long does Rhinorrhea last?

Back 51

0-4 days after onset of illness

Front 52

How long does Nasal Congestion last?

Back 52

2-8 days after onset of illness

Front 53

How long does Dry Cough last?

Back 53

1-7 days after onset of illness

Front 54

How long does Upper bronchial secretions last?

Back 54

4-8 days after onset of illness

Front 55

What are the typical complications of common cold? (5)

Back 55

1) Sinusitis

2) Bronchitis

3) Bacterial Pneumonia

4) Middle Ear Infections

5) Asthma/COPD exacerbations