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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A weakened misrepresentation of an opponent's view
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straw man
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reducing possibilities to only two
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bifurcation
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the use of the claim as its own justification
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begging the question
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the prediction of catastrophe based on a series of links started by one particular act
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slippery slope
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sidetracks the issue by attacking the person
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abusive ad hominem
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attemps to discredit an argument based on a person's hypocrisy
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tu quo que
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calls someone a name that implies a quality or fact that is not proved
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question-begging epithet
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turns a coincidence or a correlation into a cause
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false cause
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concludes too much from to little
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hasty generalization
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missapplies a true principle to a situation that is exceptional
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sweeping generalization
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assumes that what is true of an individual in a large group must be true of the entire group
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composition
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assumes that what is true of the group as a whole must be true fo each member
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division
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changes the meaning of a word or phrase in a mid-discussion
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equivocation
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asks a question that assumes and so corners its respondent
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complex question
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manipulates agreement by way of fear instead of cogent reason
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appeal to fear
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manipulates agreement by way of pity instead of cogent reason
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appeal to pity
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convinces by arguing an idea's popularity
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band wagon
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syntax of the sentence confuses the meaning of the sentence
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amphibole
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colors the language according to the arguers' perspective
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special pleading
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uses bad reputations to discredit
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guilt by association
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