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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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herbicide
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kills plants
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Carbamates
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extremely toxic to bees, similar to organophosphates
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How do you measure water in a stream?
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Discharge : amount of water passing a specific point in a given time.
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What are the health problems associated with over-use and miss-use of pesticides?
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effects on non-target species and resistance to pesticides
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Biological controls
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microbial agents, bacteria, parasidic wasps
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Pond vs. Lake
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Pond - shallow enough for plants to grow acros entire bottom.
Lake - holds standing water year-round, deeper pond |
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insecticide
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kills insects
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Antagonistic Reaction
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one material interferes wiht or stimulates breakdown of the other material
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Where do we get drinking water?
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ground water
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fungicide
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kills fungus
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Additive Reaction
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effects of each chemical added to one another
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Withdrawal and consumption
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Withdrawal - total amount taken from a source
Consumption - fraction of withdrawn H2O made unavailable for other purposes |
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acaricide
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kills mites, ticks, spiders
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Synergistic Reaction
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one substance makes the other more severe (most dangerous)
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two biggest problems associated with overdrawing ground water?
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depleat aquifers/ lose wetlands and wells
cones of depression and sink holes |
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nematicide
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kills nematodes
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What drives the hydrologic cycle?
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Solar energy
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Major techniques being discussed to increase water supplies?
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cloud seeding - condensation nucei
Towing iceburgs - cost and feasibility is a problem desalination - 3-4 times more expensive than other sources |
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rodenticide
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kills rodents
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Evaporation and Sublimation
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Evaporation - water goes from liquid to gas
Sublimation - substance goes straight from solid to gas... no liquid stage |
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Watershed
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All land drained by a river or stream
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avicide
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kills birds
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Saturation Point and Relative humidity
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Saturation Point - total amount of water a temperature can hold.
Relative humidity - amount of water a temperature cloud is currently holding. |
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What causes the most crop damage?
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insects
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Inorganic pesticides
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generally neurotozins, indestructable (stay in soil)
highly toxic |
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Rain Shadows
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Rains on one side of a mountain because of the drop in temperature, but on the other side of the mountain there is no rain.
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What benefits of pesticides have caused their over-use?
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disease control
crop protection increasing mass of cattle |
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Natural Organic Pesitcides
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plant extracts (pines and botanicals)
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Why are most deserts located at 30 degrees N or S of the equator?
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The air cycle dictates this. Hot air at equator = lots of water... hot air rises.
Air cools, it rains and air is pushed N or S. Cool air is dense and falls, then it sucks up water cause it is now warmer and can hold more water. |
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What is the problem with using pesticides?
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increased resistance
90 percent never reach target |
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Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
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synthetic - fast acting, highly toxic
DDT - block nerve signal transmission |
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Where is water located? (mostly)
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87% in glaciers, ice caps, and snow fields
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How do pesticides spread through the environment?
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grasshopper effect - go through the water cycle
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Biocide
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wide range of organisms
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Organophosphates
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extremely toxic to mammals, birds, and fish
from nerve gas research |
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Artesian Well and Recharge Zone
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Artesian Well - pressured aquifer... no pump needed
Recharge Zone - where water enters an aquifer |
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bioaccumulation
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accumulates in an individual living organism
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