Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Petrarch
|
-(1304-1374)
- father of Italian Renaissance humanism - emphasis of classical Latin |
|
Castiglione
|
(1478 - 1529)
- wrote "the Book of the Courtier" |
|
Book of the Courtier
|
perfect courtier:
1) born noble 2) military/bodily exercises 3) classical education, arts, etc. |
|
Jan van Eyck
|
- N. Renaissance painter
- first to use oil paint - attempts to imitate nature - (1380 - 1441) |
|
Erasmus
|
- (1466 - 1536)
- Christian humanist - "philosophy of Christ" - inner faith over outer forms of worship - publishes Greek NT (1516) |
|
Charles V
|
- (1519 - 1556)
- Holy Roman Emperor - wanted to conserve Catholicism in HRE, excommunicated Luther - religious warfare w/ Francis I --> Peace of Augsburg |
|
Peace of Augsburg
|
- set up by Charles V
- 1555 - German princes choose religion for their state |
|
"Institutes of Christian Religion"
|
- 1536
- written by John Calvin |
|
Thomas Cranmer
|
- 1530'sish
- Archbishop of Canterbury - allowed Henry VIII to nulify marriage to Catherine - led to Act of Supremacy |
|
Henry of Navarre
|
- late 16th, early 17th century
- political leader of Huguenots - succeed to French throne as Henry IV - converted to Catholicism and ended French wars of religion |
|
Elizabeth I
|
- ascended throne of England in 1558
- kept England mostly Protestant, but allowed freedom to Catholics - defeated Spanish Armada (Phillip II) |
|
Frederick William
|
- "the Great Elector"
- 1640 - 1688 - established General War Commissariat - laid foundations for Prussian state |
|
Ivan the Terrible
|
- 1533 - 1584
- first Russian tsar - crushed the power of the Russian nobility |
|
James I
|
- English king - 1603- 1645
- divine right of kings - strong defense of Anglican church |
|
Charles I
|
- 1625 - 1649 - England
- divine right monarchy - attempted to add more rituals to Anglican church, which made it seem Catholic - English civil war v. Oliver Cromwell - executed in 1649 |
|
Oliver Cromwell
|
- won English civil war with his New Model Army
- established military dictatorship in England taht lasted only until his death |
|
Charles II
|
- restored monarchy to England
- Declaration of Indulgence |
|
Declaration of Indulgence
|
- passed by Charles II of England
- suspended lawas that Parliament had passed against Catholics and Puritans - Parliament forced him to suspend declaration |
|
William and Mary
|
- William of Orange (Dutch) and wife Mary (James II's daughter)
- invited by English nobility to invade - invade in 1689 - took over monarchy - establish Bill of Rights - = England's Glorius Revoltuion |
|
Bill of Rights
|
- put into place by William and Mary
- affirmed Parliament's right to make laws and levy taxes - confirmed rights of citizens to keep arms and have a jury trial |
|
Margaret Cavendish
|
- 1620's
- female scientist - critical of belief that humans through science were masters of nature - "Observations upon Experimental Philosophy" |
|
Maria Winkelmann
|
- 1670 - 1720
- famous female astronomer - discovered a comet |
|
Rene Descartes
|
- 1596- 1650
- "Discourse on Method" - 1637 - accept things only on reason - Cartesian Dualism - "I think, therefore I am" |
|
Cartesian dualism
|
- Descartes
- absolute separation between mind and matter |
|
Vasco De Gama
|
- Portugese
- rounded Cape of Good HOpe and landed in India in 1498 - "spices and Christians" |
|
Marco Polo
|
- Italian
- traveled to court of Mongol ruler Khan - as one of Khan's ambassadors, traveled to Japan - 1290's - "Travels" |
|
Prince Henry the Navigator
|
- Prince of Portugal (1394-1460)
- explored coast of Africa - motives: extending Christianity, new trade opportunites - brought back black slaves |
|
Las Casas
|
- 1540sish
- Dominican monk - championed the Indians - publications against the encomienda system |
|
encomienda system
|
- institued by Queen Isabella
- permitted conquering Spaniards to collect tribut from natives and use them as laborers - in return, holder was supposed to protect Indians |
|
Hernan Cortes
|
- 1519 - overthrew Aztec empire
- wanted to convert Mexicans to Catholicism |
|
Boers
|
- Dutch farmers who settled in S. Africa, near Cape Town
- 1650s ish |
|
Bantu
|
- group of people who mined hills along upper Zambezi River
- attacked by Portugese and by migrating pastoralists |
|
sack of Rome
|
- 1527
- Spanish armies under Charles I - ended Italian wars |
|
Edict of Nantes
|
- 1598
- established Catholicism as official religion of France - guaranteed Huguenots freedom (political, etc.) |
|
Thirty Years' War
|
- 1618-1648
- struggle between Catholic forces (HRE) and Protestant nobles - ended by Peace of Westphalia |
|
Peace of Westphalia
|
- 1648
- ended 30 Years' War - all German states were free to determine their own religion |
|
mercantilism
|
- dominated economic thought in 17th century
- prosperity of a nation depended on a plentiful supply of bullion (gold and silver) - goods exported greater value than goods imported |
|
England's Bill of Rights
|
- established by WIlliam and Mary in 1689
- affirmed Parliament's right to make laws and levy taxes - confirmed citizens' rights to keep arms and have a jury trial |