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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Faith (Hugh of St. Victor)
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Faith is a form of mental certitude that is greater than belief but less than knowledge
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Pentateuch
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the torah, means 5 books, genesis, exodus, leviticus, numbers, deuteronomy
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Decalogue
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the 10 commandments
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eisegesis
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intentionally misrepresenting a position in order to preserve one's preconceived notions
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Eschatology
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the study of the kingdom of heaven (eschaton) which is the divinely ordered climax of human history as we know it
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Gospel
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good word or good announcement
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Proselytes
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Gentiles who converted to Judaism
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Blessing (in the traditional sense)
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to make holy
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Covenant
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a formal agreement between a superior party and an inferior party established by the superior party
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Pharisees
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religious leaders at the time of Christ, had a lot of influence, strictly enforced customs such as kosher food, believed in the resurrection
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Prophet
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spoke on behalf of God, from the word prophrates = to speak on behalf
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What dates were the gospels written?
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Mark 68-72 AD
Matthew 85-90 AD Luke 85-90 AD John 90-95 AD |
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Dogmatism
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believing in something that you have never thought critically about
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Sophistry
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being more concerned with winning an argument than pursuing actual knowledge/truth
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Moral Absolutism/Universalism
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truth is not relative to each individual. There exists only one form of the good and it is the same for everyone regardless of time/place
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Relativism
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The belief that truth is relative to each individual. What is true for one person may not be true for another.
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Aristotle's Definition of Virtue
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“we may conclude that virtue and excellence is a characteristic involving choice, and that it consists in observing the mean relative to us, a mean which is defined by a rational principle, such as a man of practical wisdom would use to determine it. It is the mean by reference to two vices: the one of excess and the other of deficiency.”
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Plato's definition of Justice
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Justice... is not concerned with someone's doing his own job on the outside. On the contrary, it is concerned with what is inside ... . It means that he does not allow the elements in him each to do the job of some other, or the three sorts of elements in his soul to meddle with one another. Instead, he regulates well what is really his own, rules himself, puts himself in order, becomes his own friend, and harmonizes the three elements together ... Then and only then should he turn to action, whether it is to do something concerning the acquisition of wealth or concerning the care of his body, or even something political, or concerning private contracts...
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"the virtues are implanted in us neither by nature nor contrary to nature: we are by nature equipped with the ability to receive them, and habit brings this ability to completion and fulfillment."
Work, Work's Author |
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle |
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"First, if you want the virtue of a man, it...consists of being able to manage public affairs and in doing so benefit his friends and harm his enemies...; if you want the virtue of a woman...she must manage the home well...and be submissive to her husband."
Speaker, Work, Work's Author |
Speaker: Meno
Work: The Meno Work's Author: Plato |
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"I am wiser than this man; it is likely that neither of us knows anything worthwhile, but he thinks he knows something when he does not, whereas when I do not know, neither do I think I know; so I am likely to be wiser that he to this small extent, that I do not think I know what I do not know."
Speaker, Work, Work's Author |
Socrates
The Apology Plato |
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"You ridicule me and call me blind, but your eyes cannot see your own corruption or where you live and just who with. All will be seen; both brother and father to the children he hold dear, husband and son to a woman who bore him. He bred in his father's bed and his father's blood he shed."
Speaker, Work, Work's Author |
Tiresias
Oedipus Tyrannus Sophocles |
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"We are in control of our actions from the beginning to end, insofar as we know the particular circumstances surrounding them. But we control only the beginning of our characteristics: the particular steps in their development are imperceptible, just as they are in the spread of a disease; yet since the power to behave or not to behave in a given way was ours in the first place, our characteristics are voluntary."
Speaker, Work, Work's Author |
Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle |
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"I want to hear...[of] someone who is simple and noble and who...does not want to be believed to be good [just] but to be so."
Speaker, Work, Work's Author |
Glaucon
The Republic Plato |
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"All that the soul undertakes and endures, if it is directed by wisdom, ends in happiness, but if directed by ignorance, it ends in the opposite"
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Socrates
The Meno Plato |
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"...the Lord God formed man from the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being."
Work, Author |
Genesis
J Account |
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"If I come to the Israelites and say to them, 'the God of your ancestors has sent me to you.' and then ask me, 'What is his name?' what shall I say to them?"
Work, Speaker |
Exodus
Moses |
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"Hear, O Israel: The Lord is our God, the Lord alone. You shall love the lord your god with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your might."
Work |
Deuteronomy
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"The days are coming, says the Lord, when I will make a new convenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah. It will not be like the convenant that I made with their ancestors...a covenant that they broke...But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days says the Lord: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people."
Work |
Jeremiah
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"Gird up your loins like a man; I will question you, and you declare to me. Will you put me in the wrong? Will you condemn me that you may be justified?"
Work, Speaker |
Job
God |
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"For the lord your God is God of gods and Lord of lords,...who is partial and takes no bribe, who executes justice for the orphan and the widow, and who loves the strangers...you shall also love the stranger, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt."
Work |
Deuteronomy
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"What shall I do with you, O Ephraim? ...Your love is like a morning cloud, like the dew that goes away early...I desire steadfast love and not sacrifice, the knowledge of God rather than burnt offerings."
Work |
Hosea
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"An account of the genealogy of Jesus, the Messiah, the son of David, the son of Abraham...Jacob, the father of Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom Jesus was born, who is called the Messiah."
Work |
Matthew
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"They love to have their place of honor at banquets and the best seats in the synagogue, and to be greeted with respect in the marketplaces, and to have people call them rabbi. But you are not to be called rabbi, for you have one teacher and you are all students. And call no one your father on earth, for you have one father in heaven...The greatest among you will be servant. All who exalt themselves will be humbled and all who humble themselves will be exalted."
Work, Speaker |
Matthew
Jesus |
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"Think now, who that was innocent ever perished? Or where were the upright cut off? As I have seen, those who plow iniquity and so trouble reap the same. By the breath of God they perish and by the blast of his anger they are consumed?"
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Job
Job's Friends |
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Faith (Hebrews 11:1)
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Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen
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Bravery
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E = Rashness
D = Cowardice |
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Truthfulness
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E = boastfulness
D = self-deprecation |
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Magnanimity
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E = Vanity
D = Pusillanimity |
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Temperance
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E = intemperance
D = Insensibility |
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Generosity
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E = Wastefulness
D = Ungenerosity |
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Magnificence
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E = Ostentation/Vulgarity
D = Stinginess |
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Virtue of Small honors
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E = Honor-loving
D = indifference to honor |
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Mildness
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E = Irascibility (short-temper)
D = Inirascibility (apathy) |
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Wit
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E = Buffoonery
D = Boorishness |
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Friendliness
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E = Ingratiation/Flattery
D = Ill temper |
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A virtuous character is chosen from
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the right state of mind
for its own sake from a firm and fixed character that attends in the appropriate way to the situation at hand |
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Aristotle thinks true friendship entails self love
T or F |
True
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Socrates believes that thinking you know when you do not know marks the height of ignorance
T or F |
True
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Plato thinks human being can know the good
T or F |
False
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Aristotle thinks that despite our background that we are responsible for our character
T or F |
True
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Aristotle believes amusement in adult life is ultimately an instrumental good
T or F |
True
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Aristotle's starting point for ethics is observation of human behavior and thus he believes, as Plato did, that human beings are uninformed in matters concerning moral reasoning
T or F |
False
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What distinguishes the J-account from the P-account?
how are they the same? |
the sequence of the stories
one is a self-contained narrative, the other is not One presents a personal tone, the other does not BOTH stem from oral tradition |
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What distinguishes the Greek world from the Biblical one?
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Reason is privileged over faith
the Tanak presents a personal account of the soul's relation to God, while Plato presents an impersonal account of the soul's journey o the Good No direct creator/creator distinction in the Greek world |
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what does the serpent represent in the J-account?
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The human expression of pride and doubt
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Which of the following best articulates what is at stake in God's confrontation with the Pharaoh in the Book of Exodus?
Merely God's Power The fate of the Egyptians Who controls history scientific explanation for the plagues |
the matter of who controls history
(the oppressor/Pharaoh or the liberator/God) |
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characteristics of Jesus's parables
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leaves the reader with a question in conclusion
leaves the reader with an unresolved metaphor |
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4th commandment significance
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observe the sabbath
reminds of the freedom God provide the Israelites when he liberated them from Pharaoh's rule enables us to take a day to treat one another as person not as means to an end but as person of God who deserve equal dignity and respect |
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the symbol of Christ's crucifixion
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Christ's body and blood enact a new covenant in the forgiveness of our sins
The life of the cross provides the paramount example of self-sacrifice, putting God and others before one's self-interest |
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the two-source theory
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the question of order and influence in the synoptic problem, where Mark and Q influence both Matthew and Luke
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faults of Job's friends
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assume that since Job is being punished, Job must have acted wickedly
attempt to reduce God's intentions, wisdom and judgment to a human formula that holds that God punishes the wicked and rewards the righteous |
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why was God's request to Abraham so fantastic?
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god had already decreed that no human shall take the life of another human
creates a tension with his promise to make Abraham the father of a multitudinous nation |
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What were the four types of Christ's "sayings"?
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proverbs
judgments parables miracles |
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Theosphany
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the visible or audible manifestation of God
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"Torah" is the term referring to the Hebrew Bible, which the Christian tradition terms the Old Testament
T or F |
False
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Mose's abandonment as an infant symbolizes the near annihilation and hopelessness of the Israelites under Pharaoh's control
T or F |
True
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the 10 commandments are an example of case law
T or F |
False
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D 6:5 and L 19:18 compliment the 10 commandments
T or F |
True
supercommandments |
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Hosea:Gomer::God:Gentiles
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False
Hosea:Gomer::God:Israelites |
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Without faith and love, the 10 commandments are vulnerable to the critique of the external conception of justice in Book II of Plato's republic
T or F |
True
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Job at first charges God with being either morally indifferent or, worse, morally wicked for punishing a righteous man
T or F |
True
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who does each character represent in the parable of the vineyard?
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Owner = God
Tenants = Israel's leaders Servants = Prophets Son = Jesus New tenants = Christians |
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Jesus implores us to become like children in order to receive the kingdom of heaven
T or F |
True
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One reason the prophets critique Israel is their failure to heed God's word to them from D 4 and D 10
T or F |
True
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characteristics of the eschaton
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social order that is ethical in nature instead of political
would not be self-striving |
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Jesus overturns the laws of Moses
T or F |
False
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Difference between the different types of actions
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Voluntary - choose to do it, internal
Involuntary - absolutely no control over anything, external Mixed - internal and external, always exceptional cases Nonvoluntary due to ignorance of particulars Nonvoluntary due to ignorance of universals Non-voluntary in ignorance |
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4 substances and their telos
plant animal human unmoved mover |
Plant - living, dynamism, extension
Animal - living, dynamism, extension, locomotion, sentience Human - all of those plus Reason Unmoved mover - pure rationality contemplating itself |
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Principle of Non contradiction
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one thing in the same part cannot do opposite things at the same time toward the same object
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Aristotle on Amusement
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amusement is not happiness
Even though amusement is good in and of itself, it doesn’t provide true happiness Amusement is a form of rest, escape from your responsibilities |
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Instrumental goods vs. Absolute good
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Instrumental seek in order to get another good
Absolute pursued for its own sake Absolute good is happiness |
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What point is the author trying to express by Adam's response to God
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Sin as a social contagion
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what captures Job's fault in the book of Job?
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a prideful demand that God justify Job's righteousness
Job assumes that God should reward the righteous |
