Personality Theories

Front 1

Id

Back 1

- Where biological needs are transformed into psychological tensions
- Operates according to the Pleasure Principle

Front 2

Ego

Back 2

- Develops to mediate between the id and reality
-Reality Principle: Ego can delay the discharge of tension until an appropriate object is found
-Secondary Process: Rational Thinking

Front 3

Superego

Back 3

- Represents the expectations of society (Do's and Don'ts of behavior)
- Conscious (Don't's) develops from things you were punished for
-Ego-Ideal: (Do's) Things you are rewarded for
-Functions to inhibit Id impulses, persuade ego to adopt moralistic goals

Front 4

Anxiety

Back 4

Warning sign to the Ego, needs of the id or superego are not being met

Front 5

Defense Mechanisms

Back 5

Ego's attempt to reduce or eliminate anxiety. Generally more than one are used (All involve denial and operate unconsciously)

Front 6

Repression

Back 6

Removal of unwelcome thoughts from consciousness

-Idea retains energy, ego uses energy to keep ideas supressed

Front 7

Reaction Formation

Back 7

Repress an unwelcome idea and act in the opposite way

- Acting extra kind to someone you dislike greatly

Front 8

Projection

Back 8

An unacceptable desire is displaced from the self onto others

- Accusing a spouse of cheating when the accuser is cheating

Front 9

Regression

Back 9

Ego reverts to an earlier stage of development in an attempt to reduce stress

Front 10

Rationalization

Back 10

Unmet needs are blamed on other factors than the self, attempts to excuse shortcomings

Front 11

Displacement

Back 11

Feelings for one person or object are displaced onto a different object

Front 12

Sublimation

Back 12

Original unacceptable motivation is changed into admirable actions

- Aggression or sexual urges are converted into acceptable actions

Front 13

Fixation

Back 13

- The state of being stuck at a specific stage of freudian development
-Caused by undergratification or overgratification of a desire at a particular stage

Front 14

Regression

Back 14

Reverting back to behaviors of an earlier stage of development under stress

Front 15

Oral Stage

Back 15

(Birth-18 Months)
"Sexual" gratification comes from oral stimulation (sucking, biting, chewing, etc.)

Front 16

Oral Erotic

Back 16

- Someone who is dependent and passive, lets things happen
- Associated with greediness, wanting/collecting things

Front 17

Oral Sadistic

Back 17

Characterized by sarcasm, argumentativeness, cynicism, derision and a tendency to ridicule

Front 18

Anal Stage

Back 18

(18 months - 3 years)
- Sexual pleasure or interest revolves around excretory activities (retaining or expelling feces)
- Usually an infant's first encounter with parental demands/external regulation
- Praise during this stage leads to creativity and generosity

Front 19

Anal Sadistic (Expulsive)

Back 19

Characterized by defiance or resistance to parental demands

Front 20

Anal Erotic (Retentive)

Back 20

Defined by passive defiance, or holding back from expelling waste

*Hoarders are an extreme example of this case

Front 21

Phallic Stage

Back 21

(3 - 5 years)
Focus turns to genitals, genders, etc.
- Divergence between M & F first becomes apparent
- Boys: Love for mother intensifies, begin to form castration anxiety
-Girls: Also begin to attach to mother, begin to fall prey to Penis Envy

Front 22

Latency Period

Back 22

(6 years to puberty)
- Sex is no longer a driving factor during this period

Front 23

Genital Stage

Back 23

(Puberty - Death)
Final outcome of the previous stages. Traits aquired in the previous stages take their final form

Front 24

Psychic Energy/Libido

Back 24

The personality is powered by psychic energy called Libido

Front 25

Principle of Equivalence

Back 25

Conservation of energy - Energy drawn from one area must show up in another area

Front 26

Principle of Entropy

Back 26

Aspects of unequal strenghts attempt to balance one another
- seeks a balance of energy between conscious/unconscious

Front 27

Ego

Back 27

Center of consciousness
- Same idea as Freud

Front 28

Personal Unconscious

Back 28

All the experiences that were once conscious, but no longer are

Front 29

Collective Unconscious

Back 29

Inherited latent memory traces, possibilities for action, predisposition to respond to experiences in a certain way

Front 30

Persona

Back 30

Public personality, enables us to get along with others/conform

Front 31

Persona Inflation

Back 31

Ego begins to overidentify with one specific persona

Front 32

Persona Deflation

Back 32

Someone who does not know how to behave in public

Front 33

Anima

Back 33

Feminine side of the male psyche
develops through exposure to women

Front 34

Animus

Back 34

Male side to the female psyche
Develops through exposure to men

Front 35

Shadow

Back 35

All the things we're ashamed of
The dark sinister side to our nature

Front 36

Self

Back 36

Unity, completion, perfection
Integrates the various components of the personality
Not usually noticed until Mid-Life

Front 37

Individuation & Development

Back 37

Gradual life-long unfolding of your unique personality

Front 38

Jung Developmental Stages: Childhood

Back 38

(Sexuality is not important)
- Marks the beginnings of psychological dependence
-Modestly individuated by the end of this stage

Front 39

Jung Developmental Stages: Youth/Puberty

Back 39

Begin to mature sexually, grow consciousness, strive to gain independence

Front 40

Complex

Back 40

A network of emotions and thoughts that are conflictful and unconscious

Front 41

Jung Developmental Stages: Middle Life

Back 41

Change in emphasis on what's important. Values turn more inward

Front 42

Jung Developmental Stages: Old Age

Back 42

Reduction in awareness during this stage. Death is the ultimate goal of life

Front 43

Extraversion

Back 43

Oriented to the external, objective world
- Generally outgoing, accommodating, adaptable, confident

Front 44

Introversion

Back 44

Orientation to the inner, subjective world (What's going on in your head)
- Introspective, withdrawn, defensive, mistrusting
- Can be indecisive

Front 45

Thinking Type

Back 45

Making sense out of the world. Intellectual perception of the world

Front 46

Feeling Type

Back 46

Interpretation of the world by the dimension of feeling
- Things are judged by their value to the person

Front 47

Sensation type

Back 47

Emphasis on information coming in through sense organs

Front 48

Intuitive type

Back 48

Perception by way of unconscious, or intuition

Front 49

Extraverted-Thinking type

Back 49

Objective, rigid, cold

Front 50

Introverted Thinking type

Back 50

Theoretical, impractical, intellectual

Front 51

Extraverted feeling

Back 51

Intense, effervescent, sociable

Front 52

Introverted feeling

Back 52

Silent, childish, indifferent

Front 53

Extraverted sensation

Back 53

Realistic, sensual, jolly

Front 54

Introverted sensation

Back 54

Passive, calm, artistic

Front 55

Extraverted Intuitive

Back 55

Visionary, Changeable, creative

Front 56

Introverted Intuitive

Back 56

Mystic, Dreamer Unique