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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is personality?
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Enduring patterns or traits that determine how individual perceive, relate to and think about the environment and ourselves
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When/how does personality develop?
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As individuals adjust to physical, emotional, social and spiritual environments
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What aspects of our lives does personality help determine?
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How we cope, views of self, our response to surrounding and the meaning we have in relationships
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What is the definition of a personality disorder?
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Inflexible, enduring, pervasive, maladaptive personality pattern or traits that cause significant functional impairment or subjective distress.
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What is egosytonic?
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A reaction to a personality disorder that indicates that the individuals self perception is not impacted by the disorder
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Describe egodystonic
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The individuals personality/self perception is a problem for them.
Usually the individuals that seek treatment |
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What are the areas that personality disorders manifest?
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1. Cognition
2. Affect 3. Interpersonal functioning 4. Impulse control |
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What is the main aspect of the DSM criteria for personality disorder?
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That it is an enduring pattern. Not a one time event
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What are the 4 areas of functioning that maladaptive patterns of personality disorders occur?
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1. Behavioral
2. Affective 3. Cognitive 4. Sociocultural |
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What maladaptive behavioral pattern is seen in PD?
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poor impulse control patterns of response
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What areas of affect are affected in PD?
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Range
Intensity appropriateness |
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If an individual has unrealistic perceptual patterns of response, they are thought to have a maladaptive function in which area of functionality?
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Cognition
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Where are Personality disorders coded in terms of the Axes?
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Axis II
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Which disorders are categorized under the WEIRD cluster?
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-Schizoid
-Schizotypal -paranoid |
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Borderline PD, Antisocial PD, Histrionic and Narcissistic PD are categorized under what cluster?
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WILD
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Which diagnoses are considered the WIMPS cluster?
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-Dependent
-OCPD -Avoidant |
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What medications are commonly prescribed to Cluster A (weird) PDs
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antidepressants and low-dose antipsychotics
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Anticonvulsants, mood stabilizers and MAOIs are often prescribed for which cluster of PDs?
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Cluster B: Wilds
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Antianxiety agents are often given to individuals in Cluster ____.
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C: wimps
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What % of the US population has PDs?
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10-15%
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What aspect of treatment is key in approaching any patient with PD?
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Self-awareness
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Which PDs are more common in men?
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Antisocial and OCPD
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Women are more likely to have which PDs?
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Borderline, Dependent and Histrionic
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When do personality disorders start? When are they Dx?
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They start in adolescents, but aren't Dx until after age 18
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Which cluster is often highly linked to substance abuse?
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Cluster B: Wild
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What biological factors have been seen in pts with PDs?
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They have poor regulation of brain circuits that control emotion
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What are the social theories behind PDs?
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Responses learned through reinforcement, modeling, aversive stimuli
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Deficiencies in ego and superego development are characteristic of which theories of PDs?
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Psychodynamic
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What are the characteristics of Paranoid PD?
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Characterized by distrust and suspiciousness toward others based on unfounded beliefs that others want to harm, exploit or deceive the person
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Describe the relationships of an individual with paranoid PD?
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The person neither desires nor enjoys close relationships
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What is the mood often like for a person with paranoid PD?
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Hostile, irritable and angry
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What approach should the nurse take with a paranoid patient?
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Always take straight approach. Limit excuses or explanations
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What type of therapeutic activity is recommended for patients with paranoid PD?
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Role playing and individual psychotherapy
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Describe the affect of a pt with schizoid PD.
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Flat, cold and aloof
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What characterized schizoid PD?
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emotional detachment, disinterest in close relationships and indifference to praise or criticism.
-often uncooperative -picture the computer programmer |
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WHich PD is characterized by having magical thinking and eccentric appearance?
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Schizotypal
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What type of affect is seen in schizotypal pd?
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inappropriate or constricted
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How many relationships/friendships are seen in schizotypal pd? What are their feelings in social situations?
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They have few to no friends.
Often have excessive social anxiety |
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Which personality disorder is characteristic of Sociopaths?
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Antisocial
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Describe the initial meeting of a person with antisocial PD.
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They are initially charming, bright, intellectual, glib, unrestrained and will tell you what you want to hear
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What are people with antisocial PD very good at doing?
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Finding a person's vulnerability
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How do antisocial pd's feel about others or themselves after doing something mean?
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They lack remorse, indifferent to the feelings of others
-reckless disregard for the welfare of others |
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What lengths will a person with antisocial PD go to to get what they want?
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Engage in deceitfulness, lying and use of aliases for profit or pleasure
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Describe the impulse control of a person with antisocial PD.
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They are chronically impulsive and fail to plan for the future
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What type of therapy is recommended for patients with antisocial PD?
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Group therapy with other antisocial PDs
-THey only have respect for other sociopaths |
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What type of meds are given for antisocial pd?
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antipsychotics for aggression. Stimulant therapy for impulsivity
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Describe a person with borderline PD.
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-Chronically bored
-In constant crisis, soap opera -extremely emotionally reactive -extreme mood swings |
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What are persons with borderline disorder often frantic to prevent?
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Real or perceived abandonment
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What often accompanies the impulsivity of borderline pd?
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Self-damaging behavior
-often suicidal |
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T/F: Borderline PD is associated with inappropriate, intensified affective anger responses?
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True
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T/F: Psychotic symptoms are not seen in Borderline PD?
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False:
Actually have transient psychotic symptoms of paranoia and dissociation |
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What is the name of the treatment used for Borderline PD?
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Dialectical Behavioral Therapy
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What are the 4 modules involved in DBT for borderline PD?
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1. Core mindfulness
2. Emotion regulation 3. interpersonal effectiveness 4. Stress tolerance |
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What meds are commonly given for borderline PD?
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Antispychotics, benzos and mood stabilizers
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What PD is characterized by emotional attention-seeking behavior, in which the person needs to be the center of attention?
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Histrionic
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Describe the interactions of a person with Histrionic PD.
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Characterized by inappropriate seductive/ sexualized/provocative behavior, rapid shifting and shallow emotional responses
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Describe the speech of a person with histrionic PD>?
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Often impressionistic
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How would on with histrionic PD describe their relationship with an acquaintance?
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Much more intimate than it is
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List the characteristics of Narcissistic PD.
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-Arrogance, grandiose sense of self-importance
-need for consistent admiration -consider themselves special and expect special treatment -lack of empathy for others that strains their relationships -often sensitive to criticism |
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Which PD is characterized by social inhibition and avoidance of all situations that require interpersonal contact, despite wanting close relationships?
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Avoidant
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What are patients with avoidant PD constantly seeking?
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Require unusually strong guarantees of uncritical acceptance.
Have extreme fear of rejection |
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Which PD is characterized by having extreme dependency in a close relationship with an urgent search to find a replacement when one relationship ends?
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Dependent
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Describe the Dependent PD in terms of their relationships?
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-Clinging, demanding, submissive
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What would a dependent PD do in a work situation?
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Avoid responsibility due to low self-esteem
Have hypersensitivity to rejection, decision making. |
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What personality disorder is the most frequently seen in clinical treatment?
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Dependent
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What type of role playing would be used with dependent patients?
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Assertive role playing
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What must the clinician be careful of with Dependent patients?>
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Countertransference
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What type of medications are often Rx'ed for dependent personality disorder?
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Anti-depressants and anti-anxiety
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What characterizes OCPD?
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Perfectionism with a focus on orderliness and control to the extent that the individual may not be able to accomplish a given task
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How does OCPD differ from OCD?
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No obsessions/compulsions
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What is a common comorbidity with OCPD?
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eating disorders
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What is a possible nursing diagnosis for paranoid PD?
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Disturbed thought processes
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What are the possible nursing diagnoses for Schizoid PD?
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-Impaired social interactions
-Chronic low self-esteem |
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The nursing Dx's dysfunctional family processes, disturbed thought processes, risk for other directed violence and ineffective role performance are characteristic of which PD?
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Antisocial
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Insomnia and risk for self-mutilation are common nursing diagnoses related to which PD?
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Borderline
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Anxiety and decisional conflict are common nursing Dx's related to which PD?
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OCPD
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