Personality And Abnormal Psych Gre

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structuralism: KP&Concepts

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key person is titchener, breaks consciousness into elements- opposite of gestalt

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Functionalism: KP&Concepts

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James, Dewey- stream of consciousness, reaction to structuralism- study for mind functions to help people adapt to environment

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Behaviorism:KP&Concepts

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Watson, Skinner- study of behavior, no introspection, attacked structuralism and functionalism

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gestalt

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wertheimer, kohler, koffka. Whole is something other than sum of parts. attacked structuralism and behaviorism

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cognitive

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chomsky- behaviorism is not adequate, humans think, beleive, are creative

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psychoanalysis

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freud, jung, adler- behavior is result of unconscious conflicts, repression, defense mecahnisms

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humanism

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Maslow, Rogers- Looks at people as wholes, psychologists should study healthy people too, not just mentally ill. Clinical v counseling distinction born

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*Adler, A.

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Psychodynamic theorist known for inferiority complex

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*Allport, Gordon

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trait theorist known for functional autonomy (

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Adler, A.

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psychodynamic theorist best known for inferiority complex. Striving towards superiority drives personality.

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Gordon Allport

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Trait theorist known for the concept of functional autonomy (something that begins as a goal-oriented task might turn into something to do just for itself like hunting), also distinguished between idiographic (case study) and nomothetic approaches to personality and preferred idiographic for personality.

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Bandura, A

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Behaviorist theorist known for his social learning theory- Bobo doll modeling aggression

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Bem S

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Suggested masculinity and femininity were two separate dimensions, also linked with androgeny

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catell, R

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Trait theorist that used factor analysis to study personality. ID'd 16 basic traits of personality.

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Dollard and Miller

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behavioral theorist studying personality

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Erik Erikson

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Ego psychologist- psychosocial stages but encompassed whole life span. Teen years was identity versus confusion

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Hans Eysenck

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Trait theorist who proposed two main dimensions on which human personalities differ- introversion v. extroversion, neuroticism v. emotional stability

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Horney, K

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Neurotic personality governed by 10 needs. psychodynamic theorist who suggested there were 2 ways to relate to others- moving towards, moving against, moving away from

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Jung, Carl

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psychodynamic theorist who broke with freud over libido; suggested that the unconscious could be divided into the personal and collective unconscious.

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George Kelly

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Individual as a scientist exploring world.

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Kurt Lewin

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saw personality as being highly dynamic and changing. Field dependent

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Klein and Kernberg and Mahler

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Object-relations theorists

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Emile Kraepelin

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published a textbook that was the precursor to the DSM

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William Sheldon

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Early theory defining personality as relating to physiology- endomorphy(soft and spherical), mesomorphy (strong), ectomorphy (lanky and brittle)

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Maslow, A

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Phenomenological personality theorist- heirarchy of needs and self-actualization

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McClelland

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Need for acheivment. High nach avoid high risk and low risk

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W Mischel

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Situation determined personality- critic of stable personality and personality theories.

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Carl Rogers

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client-centered therapy- client seen as having agency to make decisions and take action, uses unconditional positive regard.

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Rotter, Julian

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Locus of control- internal v external. High self esteem attrib success to internal and failure to external.

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Witkin, H.

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Field dependence (people who do not distinguish where their ideas start and others' end) and field independence- using rod and frame test

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Beck, A

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CBT for depression

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Bleuler

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Coined schizophrenia

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Dix D

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asylum reform

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ellis A

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RET-

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Rosenhan

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effect of being mentally ill- sane people into institutions

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pinel

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reformed asylums in france 18t century

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Seligman, M

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Learned helplessness theory of depression

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Szasz

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the myth of mental illness- framed by society as mental illness