Personal Counseling Final

Front 1

What is one function of being a counselor?

Back 1

Problem solving

Front 2

What is the scientific approach to problem solving?

Back 2

- Define problem
- Propose solution
- Test Solution
>if test is positive, problem is solved
> If test is negative, propose a new solution
(observe, hypothesis, experiment, start over if wrong)

Front 3

What are some problem solving skills?

Back 3

- Help clarify problems – identify; understand
- Identify alternatives – suggestions for approaches to solve
- Consider consequences – Be able to look down the road. What will happen if you do this - Divorce? Children? Finances?
- Begin to make decisions – think through matters; help them take early steps.

Front 4

We should get involved without what?

Back 4

letting the client’s problem(s) destroy our objectivity.

Front 5

What are some questions to ask concerning emotional involvement?

Back 5

- What is behind my more-than-average interest in this person?
- What am I trying to get out of this relationship that I would not like to admit to myself?
- Am I always ready to argue with this person or always ready to agree?
- Am I beginning to feel more sympathy for this person?
- Do I think about him or her between sessions?
- Do I feel bored with him or her?
- Is there a reason why I or the client is late?
- Is there a reason why I or the client want more time?
- Do I say this is the best or the worst client I have ever worked with?
- Do I find myself wanting to end this relationship or to hold on to it even though it should end?

Front 6

What is a possible approach to counseling?

Back 6

- Establishing the relationship
- Determining where the person is
- Determining where the person wishes to be
- Helping the person get where s/he wishes to be
- Accepting no excuses, letting consequences occur, and not giving up
- Ending the relationship

Front 7

What are goals and aims of the early stages of the counseling process?

Back 7

- To understand the current situation
- To understand how the client has tried to handle the situation
- To understand how the client views the situation
- To understand the client’s motivation for seeking help
- To understand the client’s emotional reactions
- To estimate Client’s strengths
- To evaluate the total problem
- To help him clarify his life situation and problem

Front 8

Listen carefully

Back 8

- Mental focusing on what another person is saying, not upon what we are going to say when the speaker stops.
- Complete acceptance with or without judgment of what is said or how it is said.
- The ability to restate accurately the words and the feelings of the client.
- Sufficient awareness but not reacting to your own conflicts.

Front 9

Things to do in listening.

Back 9

- Avoid non-verbal expressions of judgment or silence that give disdain or disgust – even when it offends you.
- Wait patiently through trying moments.
- Listen to what is said and to what is not said.
- Notice the effect the client is having on you.
- Avoid bad eye contact.
- Sit still – show confidence, poise.
- Limit the number of personal excursions.
- Control feelings.
- Full acceptance of the counselor is possible without conditioning or sanctioning attitudes and behavior destructive of the counselor or others.

Front 10

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:

Back 10

- How does the client emerge from the story? Depressed or confident?
- Deal with the person not the problem.
- Do not force your convictions on the client.
- Do not use people for your own end.
- Do not be uptight with people.
>Give homework assignments.
- Watch how you feel.
- Remember that the clients relate to others as they relate to you.
- Work with the client not on the client.
- Leave the responsibility for solving the problems with the client.
- Do not try too hard to get the client to like you. Instead do what is best for the client even at the risk of making the client mad.
- Be slow to judge, criticize, and be quick to listen.
- Try to understand the logic of behavior of the client.
- Be slow to interpret the situation or the problem.
- Do not deny the reality of the client’s problem(s).

Front 11

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
deal with the person not the what?

Back 11

problem

Front 12

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
Do not force what on the client?

Back 12

convictions

Front 13

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
Do not use people for what?

Back 13

your own end

Front 14

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
Do not be uptight with people. what can you do to night be uptight?

Back 14

Give homework assignments

Front 15

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
What do you need to watch carefully?

Back 15

how you feel

Front 16

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
Remember that clients relate to what?

Back 16

others as they relate to you

Front 17

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
Work with the client not what?

Back 17

on the client. leave the responsibility for solving the problem with the client

Front 18

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
Do not try too hard to get the client to what? Instead do what?

Back 18

like you. Instead do what is best even at the risk of making the client mad.

Front 19

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
Be slow to ___, ___, and be quick to ____

Back 19

judge, criticize, listen

Front 20

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
Try to understand the _____ of ____ of the _____

Back 20

logic of behavior of the client

Front 21

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
Be slow to interpret the _____ or the _____

Back 21

situation or the problem

Front 22

Do not deny the ___ of the clients problem(s)

Back 22

reality

Front 23

Suggestions for techniques of counseling:
Should you assure the client that everything is going to be all right?

Back 23

no because everything may not be all right

Front 24

Be aware of non-verbal communication. What forms should you watch out for?

Back 24

- Physical symptoms.
- Frequent body movements.
- Voice.
- Dress.
- Slowness.
- Seductive behavior.
- Location of the counselor (where do they sit or what is their relationship to the family?)
- Laughter (may mean do not touch me?)
- Late (passive) or early (compulsive)

Front 25

Just look at slide 124-126

Back 25

Just Look at slide 124-126

Front 26

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
You defend yourself when under attack.

Back 26

False. you don't need to defend yourself and be honest.

Front 27

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
you should use scripture with the right attitude

Back 27

True

Front 28

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
You do not need to reflect on the dynamics of the situation

Back 28

False. Reflect on the dynamics of the situation

Front 29

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
Accept the client as he is and care for him

Back 29

True

Front 30

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
You need to clarify and summarize every once in a while

Back 30

True

Front 31

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
Any counselor can diagnose illnesses mental or physical unless.

Back 31

False
Do not try to diagnose illnesses mental or physical unless you are qualified

Front 32

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
do not disregard the client's convictions

Back 32

True

Front 33

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
Make religious psychological do not make psychological religious

Back 33

False

Do not make religious psychological but make psychological religious.

Front 34

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
You should try to gain the affection or admiration of the client.

Back 34

False
Do not try to gain the affection or admiration of the client.

Front 35

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
Try to find something you agree upon with the client

Back 35

True

Front 36

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
It is not necessary to take into account the client's surroundings

Back 36

False
Take into account client’s surroundings.

Front 37

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
It is ok to become emotionally involved in the client's likes or dislikes.

Back 37

False
Do not become emotionally involved in the client’s likes or dislikes

Front 38

Suggestions for techniques of counseling T/F:
Study notes before each session

Back 38

True

Front 39

How can you tell when someone needs help.

Back 39

- Intelligence impaired.
- Memory impaired – brothers and sisters names, etc.
Inappropriate laughter – laugh when should cry or vice/versa – weird acting.
Inaccurate orientation – what day it is, etc.
Bad judgment.
Persistent troubled behavior.
- Inappropriate behavior for the person’s age.
- Repeated self-deprecation – putting one self down all the time.
- Illness with no apparent physical cause – persistent headache.
- Bad attitude.
- Incongruent feelings and words.
- Oriented toward the past.
- Extreme pessimism.
- Extreme passivity.
- Repetitive stories.
- Bad eye contact.
- Self and low speaking.
- Refusal to listen.
- Extremely quiet.
- Use of neutral sounding words to describe genuine emotional events – non-commital.
- Makes you feel strange.
- May have been outgoing and all of a sudden becomes withdrawn (radical change) with no apparent reason.
- General appearance – no concerns of who they are with or where they are going.
- Preoccupied totally with themselves – “they are alone in a crowd”.
- Exaggerated sense of self-importance.
- Distorted communication – hears voices, talks to self.
- Suspicious – everyone is trying to get them, the hand washing syndrome.
- Sensory stimuli – hear things, smell things…
- Physical concerns – think they are going to have a heart attack.
- Repetitive acts – washing hands fifty times a day, continuous cleaning of the house, etc.
- Severe depression.

Front 40

Types of Counselor Responses

Back 40

E – Evaluative: Response implying what a client might or ought to do.

I – Interpretive: Response indication the counselor’s intent to impart meaning.

S – Supportive: Response indicating the counselor’s intent to reassure.
P – Probing: Response indication the counselor’s intent to seek further information.
U – Understanding: Response indicating the counselor’s intent to respond so as to communicate understanding.
A – Advising: Response indicating the counselor’s intent to recommend

Front 41

This is not finished yet. Still need notes from last class.

Back 41

This is not finished yet. Still need notes from last class.

Front 42

What are the five tasks of problem management (GRACE)

Back 42

1. Goals
2. Resources
3. Alternatives
4. Commitment to action
5. Evaluation

Front 43

Goals

Back 43

Changing the focus of the helping from negative problem to positive solution and goals.

Front 44

Resources

Back 44

Take and inventory of the internal and external resources available in working towards goals.

Front 45

What are some internal resources?

Back 45

Inner strengths, skills, copping methods, successful past experiences with problem solving.

Front 46

Alternatives

Back 46

Brain storming the possibilities available for reaching a solution.
- list all alternatives even the wacky. How many courses of action are possible? Then weed out the ones that are not good.

Front 47

Committing to action

Back 47

Make a firm commitment to embark upon the chosen course. The action may and often should be broken into small concrete and easily obtainable steps.

Front 48

Evaluation

Back 48

Review and refinement judging the effectiveness of changes made toward achieving stated goals. It is an ongoing task.

Front 49

10 Counseling skills

Back 49

Listening
Rapport building
Information gathering
Structuring
Reflecting
Leading – exploration
Confrontation – challenging
Interpretation
Self-disclosure
Summarizing

Front 50

STEPS IN THE COUNSELING PROCESS

Back 50

- BUILDING A RELATIONSHIP – this is the foundation of counseling

EXPLORING THE PROBLEMS – counseling is more than just problem solving

DECIDE ON A COURSE OF ACTION – the greatest problem the client has is the inability to take some action

STIMULATE THEM TO TAKE ACTION – the client usually can not get started on their own.

TERMINATING THE RELATIONSHIP – you do not want the client to grow dependent on

Front 51

Which of the eight theories do I like best?

Back 51

Existential Approach

Front 52

Existential Approach

Back 52

- Emphasis on the clients freedom what direction to go in life. (you have control of your own destiny. you have control over what happens in your life)
- clients are helped to deal with the givens of life and are helped to find courage within themselves to deal with uncertainty.

Front 53

According to Existential approach what are four ultimate concerns in human existence

Back 53

death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness.

Front 54

What are the Key Concepts in the existential approach

Back 54

- self awareness: this will enable us to make free choices
- self determination and personal responsibility: we are thrust into the world, how we live and what we become are the results of our choice
- existential anxiety: the results of having to make choices without clear guidelines, without knowing what the outcome will be, and from being aware that we are ultimately responsible for our own actions.
- Death and non-being: life has meaning because it must end. the present is all we have our temporal nature makes us feel the urgency to do something with our life. the price for trying to deny death is undefined anxiety and self alienation, it is not how long we live but how we live that determines the quality and meaningfulness of life.
- the search for meaning: the struggle for a sense of significance and meaning in life. the central human concern in life is to discover meaning that will give one's life direction.
- the search for authenticity: the courage to be, to convey the essence of the spirit it takes to affirm ourselves and to live from the inside.
- Aloneness and relatedness: ultimately we are alone. only we can give a since of meaning to our lives, decide how we will live, find our own answers, and decide whether we will be or not be. We are social beings and need relationships but we cannot relate genuinely and meaningfully until we can stand alone.