Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
295 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
دَرزی
|
[From W.M. Thackston, "An Introduction to Persian," 3rd ed. (Bethesda, MD: Ibex Publishers, 1993), appendix "Examples of Classical Persian Prose."
Consists of readings from Keykavus, "Qabusnameh" (475/1082-3); Nezamol-Molk Tusi, "Siyasatnameh"; Abu'l-Ma'ali Nasrollah-ebn-e Mohammad (trans.), "Kalile va Demne-ye Bahramshahi" (538/1143); Sa'di, "Golestan" (606/1258); Nezami 'Aruzi Samarqandi, "Chahar Maqaleh" (550/1155).] tailor |
|
|
دَروازه
|
gate
|
|
|
دوکان
|
(= دُکّان), shop
|
|
|
داشتی
|
used to have
|
|
|
گورستان
|
graveyard
|
|
|
کوزه
|
jug, pitcher
|
|
|
میخ
|
nail, peg
|
|
|
آویختن (آویز ـ
|
to hang
|
|
|
هَوَس
|
passion, fancy
|
|
|
جنازه
|
funeral
|
|
|
سنگ
|
stone
|
|
|
اَفکندن (افکن ـ
|
to toss
|
|
|
حساب کردن
|
to count
|
|
|
تَهی کردن
|
to empty
|
|
|
روزگار برآمدن
|
for time to pass
|
|
|
نیز
|
too
|
|
|
طلب
|
search
|
|
|
خبر
|
news
|
|
|
حاضر
|
present
|
|
|
تألیف
|
composition
|
|
|
عادل
|
just
|
|
|
برنشستن
|
to mount
|
|
|
خاصّگان
|
the elect, distinguished, elite
|
|
|
شِکار
|
hunt
|
|
|
گذر کردن
|
to pass by
|
|
|
گَوز
|
walnut
|
|
|
ــــــــ را عجب آمدن
|
to be astonished
|
|
|
زیرا که
|
because
|
|
|
کِشتن (کِش ـ
|
to plant
|
|
|
بردادن
|
to yield fruit
|
|
|
ای
|
O (vocative)
|
|
|
آرَی
|
yes
|
|
|
خُدایگان
|
great lord
|
|
|
چندان
|
how long
|
|
|
زیستن (زی ـ
|
to live
|
|
|
زِه
|
Bravo!
|
|
|
در وقت
|
immediately
|
|
|
خزینه دار
|
treasurer
|
|
|
دِرَم
|
dirham
|
|
|
بنده
|
slave, for "I"
|
|
|
چگونه
|
how?
|
|
|
آنچ
|
an archaic spelling for (آنچه)
|
|
|
بهرِ آنکه
|
because
|
|
|
زبان
|
tongue
|
|
|
بازرگان
|
merchant
|
|
|
اندک مایه
|
of little capital, petty
|
|
|
سفر کردن
|
to take a trip
|
|
|
مَن
|
maund (~ 3 kg)
|
|
|
آهن
|
iron
|
|
|
بر سبیلِ
|
in the way of
|
|
|
وَدیعت
|
safekeeping
|
|
|
نِهادن (نِه ـ
|
to place
|
|
|
امین
|
trustee
|
|
|
بَها
|
price
|
|
|
خرج کردن
|
to spend
|
|
|
بیغوله
|
pit
|
|
|
احتیاط کردن
|
to take precaution
|
|
|
سوراخ
|
hole
|
|
|
موش
|
mouse
|
|
|
واقف
|
aware
|
|
|
سَخت
|
hard; very much, extremely
|
|
|
دندان
|
tooth
|
|
|
خاییدن (خا ـ
|
to gnaw
|
|
|
قادر بر
|
capable of
|
|
|
راستکار
|
honest
|
|
|
شاد
|
happy
|
|
|
یعنی
|
meaning, that is, i.e.
|
|
|
پِنداشتن (پِندار ـ
|
to think
|
|
|
نَرم
|
soft
|
|
|
دل از ... برداشتن
|
to give up hope of
|
|
|
مِهمان
|
guest
|
|
|
سر
|
head
|
|
|
کوی
|
lane
|
|
|
پِنهان کردن
|
to hide
|
|
|
جُستن (جو ـ
|
to search
|
|
|
نِدا دادن
|
to herald
|
|
|
باز
|
hawk
|
|
|
کودَک
|
child
|
|
|
فریاد برداشتن
|
to cry out
|
|
|
مُحال
|
impossible, absurd
|
|
|
برگرفتن
|
to pick up
|
|
|
مِقدار
|
amount
|
|
|
سِتَدن (سِتَن ـ
|
to take away
|
|
|
پادشاه
|
sovereign, king
|
|
|
اَسیر
|
captive, prisoner
|
|
|
اشارت کردن
|
to indicate
|
|
|
بیچاره
|
helpless
|
|
|
حالَت
|
state, condition
|
|
|
نَومیدی
|
hopelessness, despair, desperation
|
|
|
دُشنام دادن
|
to curse
|
|
|
سَقَط گُفتن
|
to revile
|
|
|
دست از جان شُستن
|
to give up hope of life
|
|
|
إٍذَا يَئِسَ الْإِنْسَانُ طَالَ لِسَانُهُ، كَسِنَّوْرٍ مَغْلُوْبٍ يَصُوْلُ عَلىٰ الْكَلْبِ
|
When a man despairs his tongue grows long, like a cornered cat attacking a dog.
|
|
|
ضَرورَت
|
necessity
|
|
|
چو
|
= چون
|
|
|
گُریز
|
(means of) flight, escape
|
|
|
سر
|
head, tip
|
|
|
شَمشیر
|
sword
|
|
|
تیز
|
sharp
|
|
|
وَزیر ، وُزَرا
|
minister, officer
|
|
|
نیکمَحْضَر
|
of good counsel
|
|
|
خُداوَند
|
lord
|
|
|
وَالْكَاظِمِيْنَ الْغَيْظَ وَالْعَافِيْنَ عَنِ النَّاسِ
|
"and those who bridle their anger and forgive people" (Qur’ān 3:134)
|
|
|
رَحْمَت
|
mercy
|
|
|
از سرِ خونِ ... درگذاشتن
|
to spare the life of
|
|
|
ضِدّ
|
opposite, facing, against
|
|
|
اَبنایِ جِنس
|
peers
|
|
|
نَشاید
|
It is not fitting
|
|
|
حَضْرَت
|
presence
|
|
|
راستی
|
truth
|
|
|
سُخَن
|
speech
|
|
|
ناسَزا
|
improper
|
|
|
روی (از ...) دَرْهَم کِشیدن
|
to frown (at / because of ...)
|
|
|
دُروغ
|
lie, falsehood
|
|
|
پَسندیدن (پَسند ـ
|
to approve
|
|
|
مَصْلَحَت
|
prudence
|
|
|
بِنا
|
basis, foundation
|
|
|
خُبْث
|
vileness
|
|
|
خِرَدمند
|
wise
|
|
|
مصلحت آمیز
|
prudent
|
|
|
بِه
|
= بهتر
|
|
|
فتنه انگیز
|
inciting troubles, seditious
|
|
|
حَیف
|
pity
|
|
|
نِکو
|
(= نیکو) good, beautiful
|
|
|
طاق
|
arch, vault
|
|
|
اَیوان
|
portico
|
|
|
نِبِشته
|
= نوشته
|
|
|
اندر
|
= در
|
|
|
دل در ... بَستن
|
to set one's heart on
|
|
|
جَهان آفَرین
|
World-Creator
|
|
|
تکیه کردن بر
|
to rely on
|
|
|
پوشت کردن بر
|
to lean on
|
|
|
مُلک
|
kingdom, realm
|
|
|
دُنیا
|
this world
|
|
|
پَروَردن (پَروَر ـ
|
to nourish
|
|
|
آهنگِ ... کردن
|
to be about to
|
|
|
جان
|
soul
|
|
|
پاک
|
pure
|
|
|
چه ـــــــــ چه ـــــــــ
|
(what difference) whether .... or ...
|
|
|
تَخت
|
throne
|
|
|
خاک
|
dust, earth
|
|
|
مَلِک ، مُلوک
|
king
|
|
|
وَفات
|
passing, death
|
|
|
جُملۀ
|
all of
|
|
|
وُجود
|
being, body, person
|
|
|
ریختن (ریز ـ
|
to scatter, disperse, break into pieces, decompose
|
|
|
مَگَر
|
except for
|
|
|
نظر کردن
|
to gaze
|
|
|
سائرِ
|
all of
|
|
|
حَکیم ، حُکَما
|
sage, philosopher
|
|
|
تعبیر
|
interpretation, explanation
|
|
|
فُرو ماندن از
|
to be incapable of
|
|
|
دَرویش
|
(= فَقیر), dervish, poor man
|
|
|
خِدْمَنت بِجای آوردن
|
to perform an obeisance
|
|
|
نِگَران
|
worried
|
|
|
دِگَر
|
abbreviated form of (دیگر)
|
|
|
بَس
|
many a ...
|
|
|
ناموَر
|
renowned
|
|
|
دَفن کردن
|
to bury
|
|
|
هَستی
|
existence
|
|
|
بِروی زمین بر
|
on the face of the earth
(with postpositional بر) |
|
|
لاشه
|
corpse
|
|
|
سِپُردن (سِپار ـ
|
to entrust
|
|
|
کَزو
|
= که از او
|
|
|
اُسْتَخوان
|
bone
|
|
|
زنده
|
alive
|
|
|
نام
|
name, renown
|
|
|
فَرُّخ
|
splendid, resplendent
|
|
|
نوشیروان
|
Anoshervan the Just, i.e.
Khosrow I (r. 501-79 C.E.) |
|
|
عَدل
|
justice
|
|
|
نوشین
|
sweet
|
|
|
رَوان
|
soul, psyche
|
|
|
نوشین روان
|
sweet-souled (a popular-and false-etymology for Nushirvan)
|
|
|
خیر کردن
|
to be charitable, do good
|
|
|
غَیمت شُمُردن
|
to make the most of
|
|
|
عُمْر
|
life
|
|
|
زان پیشتر که
|
(= پیش[تر] از آنکه) before, prior to
|
|
|
بانگ
|
cry, shout
|
|
|
برآمدن
|
to go up
|
|
|
فُلان
|
so-and-so
|
|
|
مالیخولیا
|
melancholia
|
|
|
عِلَّت
|
condition, malady
|
|
|
طَبیب ، اَطِبّا
|
physician
|
|
|
مُعاجِلت
|
treatment
|
|
|
فُرو ماندن
|
to fail
|
|
|
مَراض ، اَمْراض
|
malady, disease
|
|
|
سَوداوی
|
melancholic
|
|
|
مُزْمِن
|
chronic
|
|
|
لیکن
|
but
|
|
|
خاصیّت
|
characteristic
|
|
|
زائل شدن
|
to pass away
|
|
|
بوقراطی
|
Hippocratic
|
|
|
طِبّ
|
medicine
|
|
|
برشُمُردن از
|
to recount
|
|
|
اِمام ، اَئِمّه
|
leader
|
|
|
حکیم ، حُکَما
|
sage, philosopher, physician
|
|
|
فاضل ، فُضَلا
|
learned man
|
|
|
فَیلَسوف ، فَلاسَفه
|
philosopher
|
|
|
مَعلول
|
afflicted
|
|
|
حِکایت کردن
|
to relate
|
|
|
اُستاد
|
master
|
|
|
آلِ بویه
|
Buyid dynasty (r. 932-1062 C.E.)
|
|
|
پَدید آمدن
|
to appear
|
|
|
گاو
|
cow
|
|
|
بانگ کردن
|
to cry, shout ("moo" for cow)
|
|
|
هریسه
|
porridge
|
|
|
نیکو
|
good
|
|
|
کار بِدرجه ای کِشید که
|
It went so far that...
|
|
|
نیز
|
too, also
|
|
|
روزها برآمد
|
Days passed
|
|
|
نَهار کردن
|
to waste away
|
|
|
عاجز
|
weak, feeble, powerless; incapable
|
|
|
خواجه ابو علی
|
Ibn Sīnā / Avicenna (980-1037 C.E.)
|
|
|
اِقبال داشتن بر
|
to hold in high esteem
|
|
|
جُملۀ
|
all of
|
|
|
مُلک
|
kingdom, realm
|
|
|
کُلّی
|
all
|
|
|
شُغل
|
occupation, work
|
|
|
رای و تدبیر
|
management
|
|
|
باز گذاشتن
|
to turn over
|
|
|
الحَقّ
|
in truth
|
|
|
اِسکندر
|
Alexander the Great (356-23 BCE)
|
|
|
اَرِسطاطالیس
|
Aristotle (384-22 BCE)
|
|
|
صُبْحْدَم
|
dawn
|
|
|
کتابِ شِفا
|
Avicenna's great work on philosophy
|
|
|
کاغَذ
|
page
|
|
|
تصنیف کردن
|
to compose
|
|
|
صُبحِ صادق
|
true dawn
|
|
|
دَمیدن (دَم ـ
|
to break (dawn); to breathe, blow; to sprout, grow
|
|
|
شاگِرد
|
apprentice, pupil
|
|
|
بار دادن
|
to hold court, receive
|
|
|
اِسْفار
|
bright morning
|
|
|
سَبَق
|
lesson
|
|
|
در پیِ
|
after, behind
|
|
|
آمدِمانی
|
They used to come (arch.)
|
|
|
سوار
|
mounted (on horseback)
|
|
|
مَشهور ، مَشاهیر
|
famous
|
|
|
مَعارِف
|
notables
|
|
|
اربابِ حوائج
|
people in need
|
|
|
اصحابِ عرائض
|
petitioners
|
|
|
سَرا
|
residence
|
|
|
گِرد آمدن
|
to gather around
|
|
|
برنشستن
|
to mount
|
|
|
جَماعَت
|
group
|
|
|
خِدْمَت
|
service
|
|
|
دیوان
|
divan, place where administration was conducted
|
|
|
نَمازِ پیشین
|
midday prayer (صلاة الظهر)
|
|
|
باز گشتن
|
to come back, return
|
|
|
خوان
|
dining table
|
|
|
نان خوردن
|
to dine
|
|
|
قَیلوله
|
nap
|
|
|
شدن
|
to go
|
|
|
نمازِ دیگر
|
afternoon prayer (صلاة العصر)
|
|
|
مُفاوِضه
|
deliberation
|
|
|
مُحاوِره
|
discussion
|
|
|
مُهِمّاتِ مُلک
|
affairs of state
|
|
|
هرگیز
|
(+ neg.) never
|
|
|
فَراغَت
|
leisure
|
|
|
مَلِکِ مُعَظَّم
|
magnificent king
|
|
|
ــــــــ را شَفیع برانگیختن
|
to persuade (s.o.) to intercede
|
|
|
عِلاج کردن
|
to treat
|
|
|
اشارت کردن
|
to make a motion, allude
|
|
|
قَبول کردن
|
to accept
|
|
|
بِشارَت
|
glad tidings, good news
|
|
|
قَصّاب
|
butcher
|
|
|
شادی کردن
|
to rejoice
|
|
|
کَوکَبه
|
entourage, cavalcade
|
|
|
بیمار
|
afflicted person, patient
|
|
|
تَن
|
person
|
|
|
دررفتن
|
to go in
|
|
|
همچو
|
like
|
|
|
میان
|
middle
|
|
|
آر ـ
|
(= آور ـ), present stem of (آوردن)
|
|
|
فُرو اَفکَندن
|
to cast, throw down
|
|
|
پَهلو
|
side
|
|
|
خُفتن (خواب ـ
|
to lie down
|
|
|
مالیدن (مال ـ
|
to rub
|
|
|
فرو نشستن
|
to sit down
|
|
|
عادت
|
custom
|
|
|
وَه
|
Bravo! (= به , Urdu واه)
|
|
|
لاغَر
|
skinny
|
|
|
عَلَف
|
fodder
|
|
|
فَربه
|
fat
|
|
|
گُشادن (گُشا ـ
|
to open, untie
|
|
|
شَرْبَت ، اَشْرِبه
|
portion
|
|
|
دَوا ، اَدْویه
|
medicine
|
|
|
شِنودن
|
= شِتیدن
|
|
|
دست به ... بر گشادن
|
to undertake
|
|
|
بِصالح آمدن
|
to be cured
|
|
|
صِحَّت یافتن
|
to recover
|
|
|
اهلِ خِرَد
|
the wise
|
|
|
اِلّا
|
except
|
|
|
فَضْل
|
learning
|
|
|
کامِل
|
perfect
|
|
|
عِلْم
|
knowledge
|
