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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aspirin
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antiplatelet
women metabolize it faster than men |
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Clopidogrel (Plavix)
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anti-platelet-prevents binding of adenosine phosphate to platelets.
NOT A CANDIDATE WITH CRANIAL OR GI BLEED SE:flu sx, HA, Uri's Stop 5-7 days before surgery |
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Ace Inhibitors (Ramipril, perindopril, captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, and ramipril)
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Treats HTN and CHF, relaxes blood vessels
Can walk further pain free SE: DRY COUGH IN A.M.., syncope, N/V, ELEVATES POTASSIUM LEVELS |
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Statins
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Give at HS
SE: GI, rhabdomyolysis, |
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Beta Blockers
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Slow heart rate, decrease afterload,
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Thrombolytic Therapy
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Streptokinase, Urokinase, T-PA ( tissue plasminogen Activator)
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Diuretics
Lasix, furosemide |
Decrease volume, CHF
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Proton Pump Inhibitors
Omaprozole, -ozole, |
Decreases gastric acid secretions
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H2 blockers
cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, and nizatidine |
Work on histamine receptors in stomach, decrease stomach acid
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Propofol (diprivan)
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induction-fast onset
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Midazolam (Versed)
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hypnotic, amnesia, maintains anesthetic,
mild anti anxiety |
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Fentanyl
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potent opioid analgesic
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Antiemetics
Odansetron (Zofran), Dolestron (Anzemet) |
5-HT3 receptor
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anti-emetic
Reglan (metoclopromide) |
increases gastric motility
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Famotadine (Pepcid)
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H2 blocker, decreases gastric acid
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succinylcholine
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paralyzing agent for intubation
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Rocuronium
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paralyzing agent for intubation
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Glycopyrrolate (Robinul), atropine, scopolamine
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Decreases respiratory secretions (dries them up)
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Naloxone (Narcan)
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opioid antagonist
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Benzodiazapines
Valium, Ativan, Xanax |
antianxiety, premed
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Neostigmine
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Paralytic Reversal Drug
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Sugamaddex
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Paralytic Reversal Drug
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4 Stages of General Anesthesia
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1. Induction-Med in until unconcious
2. Excitement (paralytic agent given and they vomit. If eyelashes don't flutter can intubate) 3. Surgical anesthesia-vomiting stops and muscles relax. 4. "Overdose" medullary paralysis, toxicity (can cause cardiovascular collapse) |
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local anesthetics
Lidocaine w/ or w/o epinepherine |
epinephrine constricts tissues so they don't bleed and holds medicine in.
Careful with use on digits so don't cause ischemia |
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Spinal
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meds in CNS, can get hypotension, check CSM
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Epidural
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Spinal cord is bathed in local anesthetics. Person can still move
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Universal Protocol Surgery-Time Out
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1. Correct patient identity
2. Confirmation of correct site and side marked. 3. An accurate patient procedure consent form. 4. Agreement on procedure to be done. 5. Correct patient position. 6. Relevant images and results are labeled and appropriately displayed. 7. Safety precautions based on patient history or medication use (ALLERGIES). |
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Evaluation: go from PACU to unit
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1. Moves all extremities.
2. Breathes deeply and coughs freely. 3. 02 stat above 92% or at provider specified level. 4. BP within 20 mm of pre-op level 5. Temp within 1 degree celcius of pre-op. 6.Fully awake or arouses easily to voice. 7. Pain and nausea minimal. 8. Minimal surgical bleeding. Spinal-epidural patient-Some sensation and motion in lower extremities. |
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Chronic Arterial Occlusion
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1. Athereosclerosis (begins in childhood, most common)
2. embolism 3.thrombus 4.trauma 5.vasospasm 6. inflammation 7.autoimmunity |
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Acute Arterial Occlusion causes
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1. trauma
2. embolism 3. thrombosis |
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Acute Arterial Occlusion signs/symptoms
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1.Pain
2.Paresthesias (pins and needles, sensation) 3. Poikilothermia-temperature (cool) 4. Paralysis 5. Pallor (color) 6. Pulselessness |
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Blood viscosity reducing agentPentoxifylline (Trental)
2nd line drug therapy |
Decreases pain in walking, enhances oxygen to periphery, SE: N/V, GI, syncope, HA,
BILATERAL HAND TREMORS |
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Phosphodieterase InhibitorCilostazol (Pletal)
1rst line drug therapy |
Inhibits platelet aggregation, decreases pain in walking,
TAKES 12 WEEKS TO WORK SE: HA, palpitations, TRANSIENT DIARRHEA |
