Peripheral Vascular Disease

Front 1

classic symptom-cranping in the lower extramities

Back 1

Arterial intermittent claudication

Front 2

determined by the amount of docimented exercise that the pt can tolerate before pain actually occurs

Back 2

progression of arterial occlusion

Front 3

occurrs with exercise, relieved by rest

Back 3

ischemic pain

Front 4

persistant in forefoot when at rest..does not go away with rest,,when there is severe occlusion and ish.

Back 4

rest pain

Front 5

cool aple extremities, pallor with elevation, rubor with dependant positioning, cyanosis, shiny skin with brittle nails and hair loss

Back 5

arterial insufficiancy

Front 6

altered tissue perfusion
risk for inpaired skin integrety pain-due to insufficient o2

Back 6

Nursing Dx=atrial insuff

Front 7

aching cramping pain

Back 7

venous

Front 8

diminished or absent pulses

Back 8

arterial

Front 9

pigmentation in gaitor area, skin thickened and tough, may be reddish blue, associated with dermatitis

Back 9

venous

Front 10

pulses present, may be diffacult to palpate through edema

Back 10

venous

Front 11

granulation tissue--beefy red to yellow in chronic long term ulcer

Back 11

venous

Front 12

pale to black and dry gangrene

Back 12

arterial

Front 13

circular ulcer

Back 13

art

Front 14

deep ulcers, often involving joint space

Back 14

art

Front 15

superficial ulcers

Back 15

venous

Front 16

warm enviornment, aviod cold, avoind hot, avoind restrictive clothing, don't cross legs, keep dependent, no smoking

Back 16

Nursing interventions..promoting tissue perfusion

Front 17

daily skin assess, gentle cleaning, moisturize, properly fitting shoes, protect feet-no barefoot, lose weaight, proper nutrition

Back 17

maintaining skin integrety

Front 18

increacing exercise tolerance-exercise develops collateral circu. slow progressive exercise 30-45 min.bid ROM

Back 18

reducing pain

Front 19

handheld doppler when pulsus are not palpable,

Back 19

doppler flow studies

Front 20

compares systolic BP of arm to BP of ankle, usually ratio of 1:0, if less then arterial insufficiancy is presesnt

Back 20

ankle-brachial index-ABI

Front 21

ultrasonic waves produce waveform with peaks and valleys, flattened waveform=obstruction

Back 21

duplex ultrasound

Front 22

treadmill 5 min or untill apin is disabling, ankle BP monitores

Back 22

exercise testing

Front 23

determine location and extent of disease, assess for contrast media uses contrast--allergies

Back 23

angiography

Front 24

maintain circulation through repair, VA and pulses frequently, color and temp, I+o, CVP, LOC, fluid imbalances, elevate legs, pressure dressings

Back 24

Post op care after vascular procedures

Front 25

smoking, HTN, diabetes, viruses, hyperlipidemia

Back 25

endothelial injury...causes of artherosclerosis

Front 26

platelets and monocytes aggragate at site, fatty streaks and fibrous plaques form, rupture causing thrombus

Back 26

artherosclerosis

Front 27

legs most oftern affected, severity depends on extent of obstructive lesions, confined to segments of aorta below renal arteries to popliteal art.

Back 27

arterial occlusive disease

Front 28

position below heart, exercise, postural exercise, sit in chair with feet flat on floor

Back 28

improve arterial circulation

Front 29

warmth with caution, stop smoking, stress managment, no cross legs, constrictive clothing, vasodialators, adrenergic blockers

Back 29

promoting vasodialation

Front 30

med that reduces blood viscosity

Back 30

Trental

Front 31

ASA, Persantine, Ticlid, Plavix

Back 31

anti-platelets

Front 32

vasodialators, adenergic blocking agents, CCB, trental, anti-platelet, meds for DM, HTN

Back 32

Meds for arterial occlusive disease

Front 33

ADA-low fat, low cholesterol, because of artherosclorosis

Back 33

diet for AOD

Front 34

chronic tissue ish, gangrene, necrosis, last resort when med. intervention fails

Back 34

amputation

Front 35

tissue is dry, cold, and black

Back 35

dry gangrene

Front 36

after trauma with infection..very bad odor

Back 36

moist gangrene

Front 37

obstructive vascular disorder cause by recurring inflammation in arteries and veins

Back 37

Buerger's Disease (Thromboangiitis obliterans)

Front 38

localized, episodic, vasoconstriction of disorder of small arteries in hands and feet that cause temp and color changes

Back 38

Raynaud's Disease

Front 39

Thrombosis, embolisim, trauma, occurs suddenly nad w/o warning

Back 39

Acute arterial Occlusive Disease

Front 40

autoimmune vasculitis, inflammatory response, white cells infiltrate, fibrosis occurs w/healing causing occlusion

Back 40

Buergers

Front 41

rheumatic heart disease, artificial heart valves, MI, AFib, vascualr surgeryinvasive arterial procedures, trauma or compression of artery

Back 41

risk factors for acute arterial occlusive disease

Front 42

necrotic lesions at tips of fingers and toes, see areas that are inflammed then they become necrotic

Back 42

Buergers

Front 43

winter, lupus, RA, trauma or obstruction, cooupational trauma--typistis, pianists, cold, stress, caffine, tobaco

Back 43

Risk factors--Raynauds

Front 44

pain, pallor, pulselessness, parasthesia, poikilnthermia, paralysis

Back 44

6 p's of NV assess. Acute Occ. art. disease

Front 45

bilateral, instep claudication-main symptom! intense rubor, cyanosis,rest pain, diminished or absent pulses

Back 45

S/S Buergers

Front 46

stop smoking, CCB or antiplatelet, sympathectomy to eliminate vasospas. amputation.BKA vs. toe

Back 46

Buergers

Front 47

symmetrical and bilateral, usually tip, not thumb, vasospas. in fingers, pallor early, then reddness as blood returns..very painful

Back 47

Raynauds

Front 48

emergency embolectomy, balloon angioplasty, artherectomy stents, bypass

Back 48

trestment of Acute occlusion

Front 49

circumferential dialation, relatively uniform in shape

Back 49

fusiform

Front 50

localized outpouching on one side

Back 50

saccular

Front 51

tear in the intima layer with accumulation b.t the intima and the media layer

Back 51

dissecting

Front 52

elderly, female, immobility, increaced viscosity, intimal damage, oral contraceptives

Back 52

rick factors for DVT

Front 53

pain or tenderness, edema, reddness, fever, +Homans

Back 53

s/sDVT

Front 54

promanant, abmormally dialated veins

Back 54

varacose

Front 55

pregnancy, obsiety, prolonged standing, chronic diseases

Back 55

varacose veins..rick fac.

Front 56

inadequate venous return over a long period of time, chronic pooling of blood leads to hyperpigment and edema over ankles

Back 56

chronic venous insufficinecy

Front 57

used for small, localized vari., agent in injected into the vein (NS)

Back 57

sclerotherapy

Front 58

dyspnea, hypotension, tachy card./tacypnea, hypoxemia, hemoptysis, chest pain

Back 58

S/S pulm embolus

Front 59

increaced venous tension, and valve imcompatence leads to venous stasis, poor venous return, edema and ulceration

Back 59

venus ulcer path

Front 60

irregular margins, copious serous exudate, occurrs over the medial or lateral malleolus(ankle bone)

Back 60

Venous ulcer