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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tonic
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Slow adapting
Encodes magnitude Constantly firing AP's, but increase rate when stimulus is activated |
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Phasic
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Rapidly adapting
Encode rate of change of stimulus Only fire a burst of AP's when stimulus changes |
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Meissner's Corpuscle
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Glaberous skin at dermal/epidermal border
A(b) afferent, RA Deep touch - transmitted via Ant. Spinothalamic |
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Merkel Disk
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Glaberous skin at dermal/epidermal border
A(b) afferent, SA Light crude touch and 2-point discrimination |
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Hair Skin Receptor
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A(b) afferent, RA
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Ruffini Endings
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All skin in dermis
SA Maintained pressure |
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Pacinian Corpuscles
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All skin in dermis - especially in fingertips
Very RA High frequency vibration/flutter/textures |
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Free Nerve endings
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In dermis of all skin
A(s) and C fibers Deep touch, thermo, nociceptors, 2-point discrimination Thermal are Ca2+ dependent TRP channels that sense change in temp (not absolute value) |
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Ventral Trigeminal
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touch, pain, temp on face
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Dorsal Trigeminal
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fine touch, pressure on face
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Motor Pool
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all neurons that innervate one muscle
Arrange in Ventral horn as so: Flexor=Dorsal, Proximal=Medial, Extensors=Ventral, Distal=lateral |
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Fast motor Unit
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Unit for a large/fast neuron that innervates MANY fibers that fatigue quickly. Activated 2nd.
EX: Gastrocnemius |
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Slow Motor Unit
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Unit for a small/slow neuron that innervates FEW fibers that fatigue slowly. Activated 1st.
EX: Soleus |
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Muscle Spindles
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Detect muscle stretch/length that increase AP firing rate when streched (not contracting)
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Ia afferent
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Spindle afferent that excites Alpha motor neurons for homolous mm and inhibitory internerons for anatagonist.
Phasic - carry info about rapid change in length |
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II Afferent
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Spindle afferent that are found in postural mm.
Tonic - carry info about maintained length and modulate tone. |
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Golgi Tendons
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Detect tension in muscle and increase AP firing rate when contracted (ie increased tension)
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Ib afferents
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Golgi afferents that activate interneuron to inhibit spindle's muscle to decrease tension during reflex.
Phasic (only firing when muscle is contracted) |
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Gamma Motor Efferent
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Spindle efferent that fires at the same time as Alpha motor neurons for skeletal muscle when they sense a decrease in Ia afferent activity.
Cause spindle to contract to re-establish spindle's sensitivity. |
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Renshaw Cells
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Excited by motor neurons to inhibit motor neurons in the same pool.
Use Glycine |
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Midbrain Tracts
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locus coerulus and Raphe Nucleus
Epi/Norepi/Serotonin signal levels of responsiveness |
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Tegmental Pons Tracts
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Rubrospinal and Pontine reticulospinal
excite distal muscles in automated movement |
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Pons and Medulla Tracts
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Vestibulospinal and Reticulospinal
act on proximal muscles using GABA (inhibitory) |
