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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who created the periodic table?
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Russian scientist, Mendeleev, in 1869
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How was Mendeleev's periodic table organized?
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by increasing ATOMIC MASS
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How is the modern periodic table organized?
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by increasing ATOMIC NUMBER
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What does atomic number mean?
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The number of PROTONS in the element
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What is a period?
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A row on the periodic table
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What is a "group" in the periodic table?
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A column
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Groups on the periodic table have similar chemical and physical properties, true or false?
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TRUE
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The physical and chemical properties of a PERIOD of elements change according to what?
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a pattern
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How many periods are there on the periodic table?
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7
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What are the five properties of metals?
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Conductivity (heat and electric current)
Surface luster or sheen (reflect light solid at room temperature (except mercury) ductile (drawn into wires) malleable (hammer into thin sheets) |
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Three characteristics of non-metals?
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most are gases at room temperature
wax like murky or white or invisible |
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What is a metalloid?
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The elements located in the upper right corner, have metal and non metal properties
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Where are the metals located on the periodic table?
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left side
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Where are the non metals located on the periodic table?
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right side
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What is reactivity?
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the term that describes the speed that one element reacts with another.
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As you move from left to right across the periodic table, what happens to the reactivity of the elements?
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DECREASES
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Alkali metals like sodium react quickly and strongly, true or false?
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True
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Transitions metals like copper react quickly and strongly, true or false?
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false
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non-metals like halogen react quickly, true or false?
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true
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What are the three characteristics of transition metals?
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hard
shiny good conductors |
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Which groups (columns) on the periodic table contain the transitions elements?
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Groups 3B-12B
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What group is are the alkali metals?
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1A
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What group are the noble gases?
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8A
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What is plasma?
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a mixture of free electrons and atoms stripped of electrons
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What is nuclear fusion?
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When two atomic nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus
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What does nuclear fusion create inside stars?
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heavier elements
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What fuels the sun?
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hydrogen
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What is produced when hydrogen nuclei fuse?
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helium
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what is produced when helium nuclei fuse?
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beryllium
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What component of dental cement contains glass or metallic oxides? Is it the liquid or powder?
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powder
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What is a nebula?
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a cloud like region of gases
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In stars larger than the sun, what happens to their core?
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fusion continues until the core becomes iron
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What is a supernova?
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a star that provides enough energy for the nuclear fusion reactions that create the heaviest element.
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Can stars the size of the sun produce elements heavier than oxygen?
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no
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What conditions in the sun's core allow plasma to exist?
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extreme high temperature
huge pressure |
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What are the two most common elements in the sun?
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hydrogen
helium |
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What are alloys?
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mixtures composed of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal
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What are the three other elements of in the sun?
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oxygen
beryllium carbon |
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Give an example of an alloy?
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steel
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What are atoms made of?
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protons
neutron electrons |
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What is the center of an atom called?
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nucleus
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What are the two different kinds of particles found in the nucleus?
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positively charged PROTON
no charge NETRON |
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Where are electrons located on an atom
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circling around the outside, they have a negative charge
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What are diatomic molecules?
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molecules consisting of two atoms
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What are lanthanides?
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Elements on the periodic table, period 7, top half, numbers 59-70
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What are actinides?
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Elements on the periodic table, period 7, bottom half, number 89-102
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Where are metals located?
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left side
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Where are non metals located
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rights side
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Where are transition metals located?
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middle
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Where are metalloids located?
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middle right, they touch the BLACK LINE
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metals, physical and chemical properties?
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shiny
good conductors malleable ductal |
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non-metals physical and chemical properties?
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dull
brittle non malleable non conductors |
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transition metals, physical and chemical properties?
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hard
malleable good conductors electricity |
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metalloids
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malleable
conductors brittle shiny |
