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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the difference between calculus and plaque?
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calculus is calcified plaque, is NOT the direct cause of inflammation, but surves as attachment site for plaque, and as a resevoir for endotoxins
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What is a perforation as it relates to gingival disease?
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It is a IATROGENIC FACTOR: a hole in the tooth bya pin, allows bacteria to enter
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Is root proximity a contributor to periodontal disease?
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only if there is pre-existing condition present, dentist can't properly clean area
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What is a Cervical projection as it relates to Periodontal disease?
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it is an anatomical contributing factor to PD where the attachment of the Junctional epithelium at Cementum or CEJ (NOT enamel) which is difficult to clean
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What is a disto-lingual groove as it relates to Periodontal disease? Where are they found?
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It is an anatomical contributing factor to PD where groove is associated w/ Perio Pocket, common on MAX LAT INCISORS
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When is food impaction a problem?
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when there is an open or irregular tooth contact food is forced into periodontium
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What are the 2 types of traumatic injury contributing factors to PD?
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1. facticious disease, where the patient scratches/gouges gingiva purposefully
2. Toothbrush abrasion |
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How can an extracted 3rd molar be a problem for PD?
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It can be a contributing factor when where is drift, or if 3rd molar was at odd angle which 2nd-3rd molar interdental bone was unable to form
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What are 3 examples of chemical irritation of the gingiva?
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Aspirin, when applied to the skin (sloughs off tissue) Mouth rinses and toothpaste
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What is Bruxism?
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Grinding of teeth
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What are the 3 types of Gingival irritants?
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Physical, Chemical or Microbiological
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What are physical irritants?
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hot/cold/light/surgery/radiation
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What are chemical irritants?
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acid, base, cinnamon
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What are the 3 types of inflammation?
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Acute, Chronic or CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS
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What is chronic granulomatous? What cells does it involve?
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inflammation that involves macrophages/Epith GIANT CELLS
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What is chronic inflammation? What cells does it involve?
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long response involving Lymphocytes (PD DISEASE)
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What is acute inflammation? What cells does it involve?
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short response involving neutrophils, like an abcess
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4 objectives of inflammation?
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Gather cells/antibodies, dilute the area, limit spread, promote/initiate repair
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What are the 4 stages of inflammation?
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1 - vascular (blood flow/WBC stick/migration of thru walls)
2- Cellular response (proliferation) 3- chemical mediators 4 - immune response |
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What are the CHEMICAL MEDIATORS (4) in an inflammation response?
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histamine, serotonin, SRS-A, and BRADYKININ
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what is DIAPEDESIS (relates to inflammatory response)
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Emigration of WBC's into blood
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3 characteristics of HEALTHY gingiva
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color, contour and consistency
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What is it called when there is a negative change in the gingiva due to improper flossing, resulting in tissue recession directly above a tooth (in a V shape)
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Stillman's Cleft
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When is excessive FIBROTIC gingival tissue commonly seen?
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in smokers
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What are the 2 negative changes that can happen to papilla?
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Punched out or blunted
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