Perineal And Pelvic Region Questions

Front 1

What are the boundaries of the perineum?

Back 1

Bounded by pubic symphisis anteriorly, the ischiopubic rami anteriorlaterally, the ischial tuberosities laterally, the sacrotuberous ligamnets posterolaterally, and the tip of the coccyx posteriorly. Floor-skin and fascia, and roof is the pelvic diaphram

Front 2

Perineum is divided into two traingles?

Back 2

the urogenital and anal triangle.

Front 3

urogenitl triangle boundaries?

Back 3

pubic symphisis and ischial tuberosities. Perineal body is also in this on the back

Front 4

What are the layers of the urogenital triangle?

Back 4

superficial perineal pouch and deep perineal pouch

Front 5

What are the boundaries of the superficial perineal pouch?

Back 5

superior-perineal mb. inferior-Colle's fascia (which is continuous as scarpa's fascia in abdomen and Dartos fascia in the scrotum)

Front 6

What are the contents of the male and female superical perineal pouches?

Back 6

Both-ischiocavernous (crura), bulbospongiosus (bulbs), superficial transverse perineal m.,
female only-Bartholin's glands

Front 7

What are the boundaries of the male and female deep perineal pouches?

Back 7

also urogenital diaphram, superiorly- superior fascia of the urogenital diaphram (bottom of plevic diaphram)
inferior-perineal membrane or inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphram.

Front 8

contents of the deep pouches in males and females

Back 8

Both - membranous urethra, urethral sphincter muscle, and depp transverse perineal m.
Male-Cowper's glands
Female-vagina pierces just posterior to the membranous urethra

Front 9

Ishiorectal fossa-
Whats in it?
What do you hit if you place fingers in and push anteriorly, how about superiorly?

Back 9

Ishiorectal fossa (allows anal canal to expand). Contains the inferior rectal nerves and branches of the femoral cutaneous.Contains the pudendal canal in its lateral wall. has an superior border the levator ani which make the pelvic diaphram. Push anterirly anf get the transverse perineum m.

Front 10

ischiorectal fossa lateral wall

Back 10

obterator internus

Front 11

pudendal nerve path

Back 11

from sacrum and passing between coccygeus and piriformis. Leaves pelvis through greater sciatic foramen. Crosses spine and re-enters through the lesser sciatic foramen.

Front 12

pudendal artery path

Back 12

It exits the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen to enter the gluteal region.
It then curves around the sacrospinous ligament to enter the perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen.
It travels through the pudendal canal with the internal pudendal veins and the pudendal nerve.

Front 13

inf. layer of the urogenital diaphragm

What is found above this?

Back 13

is the superior border of the superficial pouch. Also called the perineal membrane.
urethral sphincter and the deep transverse perineum. Inn. by pudendal perineal branches. Bascially all that is in the deep pouch. INcludes cowpers gland in the male. Not in female.

Front 14

perineal body

Back 14

is very important as females rupture during pregnancy pred. women to prolapse of the uterus. Serves as attachemnt for bulbospongius and the transeverse superficial perineum .

Front 15

innervation of urogenital diaphragm muslces

Back 15

deep branch of the perineal nerve

Front 16

arterial supply to the deep pouch muslces

Back 16

is the pudendal artery. Probably perineal branch

Front 17

vestibular glands of female are located

Back 17

in the superficial pouch (Bartholin's). They release lubrication into the vagina-vulva area.

Front 18

Superior fascia of the urogenital diaphgram?

Back 18

is the continuatio of the obturator facia and and is the superior facia of the deep pocuh. Pelvic diaphram is immediately superior this so levator ani muscles.

Front 19

perineal membrane is the inferior border of the urogenitla diaphgram and provides attachemnt for the

Back 19

bulb of the penis

Front 20

thickening of the obturator fascia that forms the origin of the obturator internus

Back 20

is the archus tendineus

Front 21

pudendal nerve fibers

Back 21

carries autonomic and sensory fibers, also carries autonomics to the pelvic plexus. s2 and s3, 4 innervate the levator ni and urethral sphincter. Perineal branch does sensory for posterior scrotum via posterior scrotal (or labial branch).

Front 22

internal pudendal artery

Back 22

inferior rectal
perineal -to transverse superficial
posterior labial and scrotal
artery to bulb of vestibule or bulb of penis
Dorsal artery of penis and clit
deep artery of clit or penis

Front 23

internal pudendal vein

Back 23

deep dorsal v. of the penis/clitoris, v. of the bulb, posterior labial/scrotal v., inferior rectal v.

Front 24

dorsal veins of the penis and clitoris

Back 24

drain into vesical or prostatic plexus

Front 25

most of the venous plexus drain to the

Back 25

internal illiac

Front 26

false pelvis

Back 26

The greater pelvis (or false pelvis) is the expanded portion of the cavity situated above and in front of the pelvic brim. Arcuate line is the lateral borders of pelvic brim or illium.

Front 27

true pelvis

Back 27

below pelvic brim.
Its bony walls are more complete than those of the greater pelvis.
For convenience of description, it is divided into a pelvic inlet bounded by the superior circumference, and pelvic outlet bounded by the inferior circumference, and a cavity of the lesser pelvis.

Front 28

periteneum and pelvis

Back 28

drapes over structures aboove the plevic diaphgram but does not reach the pelvic diaphragm.

Front 29

recto vescile pouch

Back 29

a part of the peritoneal cavity that drapes ofer the rectum and bladder making a pouch. Become the recto uterine pouch in females.

Front 30

prostatic urethra

Back 30

prostatic urethra begins at the internal urethral orifice at the anteroinferior angle of the vesical trigone;part of the male urethra passing through the prostate gland

Front 31

seminal colliculus

Back 31

on the urethral crest with a prominence called the seminal colliculus (veru montanum); seminal colliculus has a blind diverticulum called the prostatic utricle with orifices of ejaculatory ducts located below it

Front 32

urethral crest

Back 32

posterior wall of the urethra has an elevated ridge called the urethral crest with a prominence called the seminal colliculus

Front 33

prostatic utricle

Back 33

seminal colliculus has a blind diverticulum called the prostatic utricle with orifices of ejaculatory ducts located below a small blind diverticulum in the posterior wall of the prostatic urethra on the summit of the seminal colliculus prostatic utricle is a remnant of the fused lower ends of the paramesonephric ducts - the fused paramesonephric ducts form the uterine canal in the female

Front 34

prostatic sinus

Back 34

on the sides of the urethral crest

Front 35

ampula of the vas

Back 35

swelling of vas before empting into

Front 36

rectum

Back 36

At the level of the middle of the sacrum, the sigmoid colon loses its mesentery and gradually becomes the rectum. ends in anal canal or at end of the pelvic diaphragm.

Front 37

anorectal junction

Back 37

is held by the sling of the levator ani

Front 38

rectal folds

Back 38

are called ouston's valves that act as shelves for the poop.

Front 39

parasympathetic innervation of the pelvis

Back 39

pelvic para symp sacral,

Front 40

where does the sympathetic chain end

Back 40

sympathetic chain ends at the coccyx

Front 41

superior hypogastric plexus

Back 41

is the continuation of the aortic plexus below the aortic bifurication and recieves the two lower lumbar splanchnics. lies behind peritoneum and lies behind the fifth lumbar vertebra. Ends by bifurication into the left and right hypogastric nerves in front of the sacrum. Contains preganglionic postgang symps. visceral afferent fibers and some para fibers if any.

Front 42

hypogastric nerve

Back 42

lies lateral to the rectum in the extraperitonela tissue. Branches to the sigmoid. joined by pelvic splanchnics to the form the inferior hypogastric or pelvic plexus.

Front 43

inferior hypogastric plexus

Back 43

formed by the union of hypogastric, pelvic splanchnic, and saccral splanchnic nerves. lateral to rectum and vagina and base of the bladder.
Pelvic ganglia.

Front 44

sacral splanchnic nerves

Back 44

preganglionic sympathetic fibers that come off the chain and synapse in the inferior hypogastric plexus.