Perception

Front 1

perception

Back 1

the process through which we become aware of our environment by attending, organizing, and interpreting evidence from our senses also our environment.

Front 2

elements of perception

Back 2

attention, organizing, interpretation

Front 3

attention

Back 3

determines what you are going to perceive, selectively focusing on some stimuli and ignoring other stimuli.

Front 4

filter theory

Back 4

in order to attend you have to block out irrelevant stimuli so that you can attend.

Front 5

dichotomy listening

Back 5

the presentation of two different messages at the same time. you have to ignore the meaning of one message and attend to the other.

Front 6

dichotic listening easy to do with three exceptions

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1. similarity of information
2. similarity in the physical properties of the message.
3. similarity in the level of the meaningful Ness in the message.

Front 7

stoop effect

Back 7

you have to ignore the meaning of the word and attend to the task.

Front 8

conclusion

Back 8

perception is a selective active process that is influenced by external and internal factors.

Front 9

movement

Back 9

human beings are very sensitive to movement in the environment for example flickering lights.

Front 10

external factors that direct your attention

Back 10

1. intensity and size
2. contrast and novelty
3. repetition
4. movement

Front 11

intensity and size

Back 11

the louder the sound you will get people's attention.

Front 12

contrast and novelty

Back 12

a new or novel stimulus that stands out from or contrast with the background will often grab ones attention. ex: large objects will stand out over smaller objects. background events are processed if they are novel and important. both the onset and termination of a stimulus can cause you to attend.

Front 13

repition

Back 13

a stimulus that's repeated has a better chance of catching ones attention.

Front 14

internal factors that direct your attention

Back 14

1. motives and needs
2. preparatory set
3. interest
4. emotional state and personality

Front 15

motives and needs

Back 15

people who are hungry, thirsty, or sexually aroused are more likely to pay attention to events in the environment that will satisfy those needs. ex commercials for buy one get one.

Front 16

preparatory set

Back 16

a person's readiness to respond to one kind of sensory input but not the other kinds.
2 sources
prior experience with material
temporary or enduring mood
ex old woman young woman

Front 17

interest

Back 17

what you are interested in directs your attention.

Front 18

emotional state and personality

Back 18

the way you perceive things.

Front 19

perceptual organization

Back 19

the process of combining sensory input into perceptual objects.

Front 20

gestalt

Back 20

whole/pattern we perceptually organize our world 3 ways

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we perceptually organize our world 3 ways

Back 21

1. perceptual grouping we perceive stimuli into meaningful whole or pattern
2. you will see organization patterns and not clusters of isolate stimuli.
3. we will all do this according to the 7 laws of perceptual organization. we all do the same thing.

Front 22

7 laws of perceptual organization

Back 22

1. law of figure and ground
2. law of proximity or nearness
3. law of similarity or likeness
4. law of closure
5. law of continuity
6. law of symmetry
7. law of common fate

Front 23

law of figure and ground

Back 23

we perceive stimuli standing out against the background. figures are the words against the background notebook. auditory figure and ground ex cocktail party phenomenon. reversal figure and ground relationship objects are shaped that they can be seen as either the figure or the ground.