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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A neurotransmitter that connects nerves to muscles. Also active at other synapses in CNS/ANS.
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acetylcholine
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A drug that will activate a particular receptor
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agonist
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A nucleus involved in emotional and sexual behavior. Part of the limbic system
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amygdala
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A drug that will block a particular receptor
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antagonist
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Glial cells that are involved in nutritive support for neurons and in maintaining concentrations in the extracellular space.
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astrocytes
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A large nuclear complex rostral (anterior) to the thalamus. Involved in motor activity
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basal ganglia
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The part of the CNS between the thalamus and the spinal cord.
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brainstem
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The tail side of the body. In the brain this is toward the back (posterior) and in the spinal cord it's towards the bottom (inferior).
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caudal
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(aka pyramidal tract) A tract of axonthat starts in motor cortex and goes down to the spinal cord. Responsible for some aspects of fine motor control.
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corticospinal tract
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A cortical area in the temporal lobe. This area is involved in declarative memory (memory for events).
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hippocampus
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A bundle of axons that run together in the CNS
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tract
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A large collection of nuclei that forms the major entry point for most sensory systems to the brain. It is also involved in sleep.
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thalamus
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A lobe of the brain lying mostly inferior (ventral) and pointing forward (rostral-ward) from below the major fissure. The auditory area and hippocampus (memory area) are in the temporal lobe.
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temporal lobe
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A characteristic neuron of the cortex that has a cell body shaped like a pyramid which gives off a large apical dendrite.
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pyramidal cell
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parietal lobeThe large middle region between occipital and frontal lobes. Houses language in the dominant hemisphere and spatial functions in the non-dominant hemisphere. Has many areas of association cortex.
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parietal lobe
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A type of glutamate receptor that provides a more prolonged time course of excitation than does AMPA and appears to be responsible for triggering long term potentiation.
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NMDA receptor
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Alpha-1 responses are usually
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excitatory
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Beta-2 responses are usually
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inhibitory
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Alpha-2 responses are usually
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inhibitory
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Beta-1 responses are usually
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excitatory
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Diminished response after repeated dosages
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tachyphylaxis
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Competitive Antagonism
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Inhibition can be overcome by increasing concentration of agonist
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Noncompetitive Antagonism
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Maximal effect is reduced but affinity is unaltered
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First Order Elimination
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Amount of drug eliminated over a certain time period increases as the amount of drug in the body increases
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Zero Order Elimination
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Percentage of drug eliminated over a certain time period
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only unbound drug can [...]
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produce an effect
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Prodrugs
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parent compound has little or no biological activity but is activated by metabolism
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medical test for depression
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dexamethasone-suppression test
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what detects kidney damage
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creatine clearance
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what forms spinal fluid
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choroid plexus
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grey matter is composed of [...]
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nerve cells
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white matter is composed of [...]
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nerve cell axons
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oligodendrocytes
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help maintain the myelin covering
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astrocytes
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help maintain nerve cell bodies
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ventral
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toward the belly
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dorsal
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toward the back
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rostral
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toward the nose
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caudal
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toward the tail
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superior
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toward the top of the head
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lateral
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away from the middle
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medial
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toward the middle
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bilateral
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on both sides
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ipsilateral
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on the same side
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contralateral
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on the opposite side
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medulla
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breathing
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the [...] is a part of the brain involved in problem solving, emotion, and complex thought
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prefrontal cortex
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the [...] is responsible for coordination of complex movement
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motor association cortex
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[...] is the part of the brain responsible for language comprehension
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Wernicke's Area
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[...] is responsible for speech produciton and articulation
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Broca's Area
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the [...] is the part of the brain responsible for the control of movement and posture and complex aspects of behavior
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basal ganglia
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a [...] is a test that is useful for detetecting tumors and assessing vascular accidents and head injuries
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CT scan
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