Pelvic Limb

Front 1

Muscles of the rump

Back 1

Superficial gluteal
Middle gluteal
Deep gluteal
Piriformis

Front 2

Action of the muscles of the rump

Back 2

extend the hip joint
rotate limb medially

Front 3

Superficial gluteal

Back 3

sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
third trocanter
extend hip joint, abduct limb

Front 4

Middle gluteal

Back 4

Iliac crest, gluteal surface
greater trocanter
extend hip joint
rotate limb medially

Front 5

Deep gluteal

Back 5

ischiatic spine, ilium body
greater trocanter
extend hip, rotate medially, abduct

Front 6

Piriformis

Back 6

extend hip joint

Front 7

Caudal muscles of the thigh

Back 7

bicipes femoris
semitendonosis
semimembranosis

Front 8

Action of caudal muscles of the thigh

Back 8

extend hip joint, flex stifle joint(NWB) extend stifle joint (WB)
extend tarsal jt

Front 9

Biceps femoris

Back 9

sacrotuberous ligament, ishiatic tuberosity
patella, patellar ligament, cranial border of tibia, crural fascia, tuber calcanei
extend hip, flex stifle, extend stifle(wb), extend tarsal

Front 10

Semitendinosis

Back 10

ischiatic tuberosity
body of tibia, tuber calcanei

Front 11

Semimembranosis

Back 11

ischiatic tuberosity
distal femur, proximal tibia
extend hip, flex (NWB) extend(WB) stifle,

Front 12

Medial muscles of thigh

Back 12

Sartorius
Gracilis
Adductor
Pectineus

Front 13

Action of medial muscles of thigh

Back 13

Adduct the limb
Sartorius - flex hip,ext/flex stifle

Front 14

Sartorius

Back 14

ventral cranial ilium
patella, cranial tibia
flex coxal joint, flex/extend genual joint

Front 15

Pectineus

Back 15

Iliopubic eminence
distal femur
adduct limb

Front 16

Gracilis

Back 16

pelvic symphysis
cranial tibia, tuber calcanei
adduct limb, flex coxal joint, flex stifle joint, extend tarsal joint

Front 17

Adductor

Back 17

pelvic symphysis
lateral lip of femur
adduct the limb, extend hip

Front 18

Cranial muscles of the thigh

Back 18

Tensor facia latae
Quadriceps femoris

Front 19

Action of cranial muscles of the thigh

Back 19

extend stifle joint
flex coxal joint - Rectus femoris

Front 20

Tensor fascia latae

Back 20

Tuber coxae
fascia latae
extend stifle joint

Front 21

Quadriceps femoris

Back 21

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

Front 22

Rectus femoris

Back 22

tuberosity for rectus femoris
tibial tuberosity
extend stifle joint, flex coxal joint

Front 23

Vastus lateralis

Back 23

lateral lip of femur
tibial tuberosity
extend stifle joint

Front 24

Vastus medialis

Back 24

medial lip of femur
tibial tuberosity
extend the stifle joint

Front 25

Vastus intermedius

Back 25

Cranial femur
tibial tuberosity
extend stifle joint

Front 26

Craniolateral muscles of the leg

Back 26

Cranial tibial muscle
long digital extensor
peroneus longus

Front 27

Action of craniolateral muscles of the leg

Back 27

flex tarsal joints
extend digital joints

Front 28

Cranial tibial muscle

Back 28

extensor groove, cranial tibia
proximal plantar metacarpal 1 & 2
flext tarsal joint

Front 29

Long digital extensor

Back 29

extensor fossa of femur
extensor processes of distal phalanges 2 - 5
flex tarsal joint, extend digital joints

Front 30

Peroneus longus

Back 30

lateral condyle of tibia, fibular head, lateral collateral ligament of stifle
4th tarsal, plantar metatarsal
flex tarsal joint

Front 31

Common calcanean tendon

Back 31

gastrocnemius, superficial digital flexor, biceps femoris, semitendonosis, gracilis (dog)

Front 32

Disruption of common calcanean tendon has dog walking

Back 32

on entire metatarsus like humans

Front 33

Superficial digital flexor muscles

Back 33

lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur
Tuber calcanei, plantar proximal middle phalanges 2 - 5
extend tarsal, flex digital except distal interphalangeal

Front 34

gastrocnemius

Back 34

medial, lateral supracondylar tuberosities of femur
tuber calcanei
extend tarsal, flex stifle

Front 35

Caudal muscles of the leg

Back 35

common calcanean tendon
gastrocnemius
superficial digital flexor
deep digital flexor
popliteus

Front 36

Action of the caudal muscles of the crus

Back 36

extend tarsal
flex digital

Front 37

Deep digital flexor

Back 37

medial and lateral digital flexors

Front 38

Lateral and medial digital flexor

Back 38

caudal tibia and fibula
plantar distal phalanges
flex digital, extend tarsal joint

Front 39

Popliteus

Back 39

popliteal fossa of femur
proximal caudal tibia
flex genual joint, rotate leg medially

Front 40

Artery that exits the abdominal cavity in the vascular lacuna

Back 40

external iliac artery

Front 41

the only branch of the external iliac artery

Back 41

deep femoral artery

Front 42

artery that supplies the rectus abdominis m.

Back 42

caudal epigastric artery

Front 43

branch from the deep femoral artery

Back 43

external pudendal artery

Front 44

The pudendoepigastric trunk is the trunk of

Back 44

caudal epigastric artery
external pudendal artery

Front 45

Branches of the deep femoral artery

Back 45

external pudendal
caudal epigastric

Front 46

terminal branch of deep femoral artery

Back 46

medial circumflex femoral artery

Front 47

Medial curcumflex femoral artery supplies the

Back 47

medial thigh muscles: pectineus, gracilis and adductor

Front 48

after the external iliac artery leaves the abdominal cavity is becomes the

Back 48

femoral artery

Front 49

the femoral artery supplies

Back 49

the hind limb

Front 50

the vessel that enters the deep surface of the sartorius muscle is

Back 50

superficial circumflex iliac artery

Front 51

artery that runs between the rectus femoris and vastus medialis

Back 51

lateral circumflex femoral artery

Front 52

The lateral circumflex femoral artery supplies the

Back 52

quadriceps femoris, tnesor fascia latae, and superficial and middle gluteal muscles

Front 53

The lateral circumflex femoral artery and superficial circumflex iliac artery may arise

Back 53

from the femoral artery separately or by common trunk

Front 54

artery that arises from the middle of the femoral artery

Back 54

proximal caudal femoral artery

Front 55

supplies the pectineus, adductor, and gracilis muscles

Back 55

proximal caudal femoral artery

Front 56

This vessel arises from the caudal surface of the femoral artery and runs superficially

Back 56

saphenous artery

Front 57

THe saphenous artery is accompanied by

Back 57

saphenous nerve, medial saphenous vein

Front 58

The sapheneous divides at the stifle joint into

Back 58

cranial and caudal branches

Front 59

arises from caudal aspect of the femoral artery

Back 59

middle caudl femoral artery

Front 60

the middle caudal femoral artery supplies the

Back 60

distal portions of the adductor and semimembranosus muscle

Front 61

largest caudal femoral artery

Back 61

distal caudal femoral artery

Front 62

supplies the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, gastrocnemius and digital flexor muscles

Back 62

distal caudal femoral artery

Front 63

large vein on lateral surface of the crus

Back 63

lateral saphenous vein

Front 64

The lateral saphenous and medial saphenous veins drain

Back 64

dorsal surface of the paw.

Front 65

The cranial and caudal branches of the lateral saphenous veins join at

Back 65

the middle of the crus and drain into distal caudal femoral vein

Front 66

The femoral artery passes between the ____ and ___ and becomes the ______.

Back 66

medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius m
popliteal artery

Front 67

The popliteal artery crosses

Back 67

medial surface of superficial digital flexor muscle and flexor surface of stifle joint

Front 68

The popliteal artery eventually enters the

Back 68

interosseous space

Front 69

the popliteal artery supplies the

Back 69

stifle joint and gastrocnemius and popliteus muscles.

Front 70

The popliteal artery terminates into

Back 70

cranial and caudal tibial arteries

Front 71

Vessel that passes through the interosseious space to craniolateral surface of the tibia

Back 71

cranial tibial artery

Front 72

The obturator nerve arises from ____ , travels ____ and supplies ______

Back 72

4th, 5th, and 6th lumbar n.
From iliopsoas,past levator ani, through obruator foramen.
Adductor, gracilis, pecineus, ext. obturator

Front 73

The femoral nerve arises from ____, travels___ gives off the _____ and supplies the _____

Back 73

4th, 5th, and 6th lumbar n.
from iliopsoas to quadriceps femoris m. (stifle ext to support weight)
Saphenous nerve at iliopsoas m.
quadriceps femoris and iliopsoas m.

Front 74

The saphenous nerve arises from _____. Its motor branch travels to and innervates the ____ and its cutaneous branch innervates

Back 74

cranially from the femoris n.
Sartorius m.
medial thigh, stifle, leg tarsus and paw

Front 75

The autonomous zone for the sartorius n. is

Back 75

the medial crus and stifel

Front 76

The pudendal nerve arises from the ______, travels ______ .

Back 76

all 3 sacral nerves,
lateral to levator ani, coccygeus, medial to super. gluteal, dorsal to internal pudendal vessels, toward pelvic symphysis

Front 77

The pudendal nerve branches are the :

Back 77

caudal rectal nerve
perineal nerve
dorsal nerve of the penis

Front 78

The caudal rectal nerve may arise from the ______ or the _____ nerves at the caudal border of the ____ and innervates the _____.

Back 78

sacral nerves
pudendal nerves
levator ani muscle
external anal sphincter

Front 79

The perineal nerve arises from the _______, and supplies the _______

Back 79

dorsal pudendal nerve
skin of the anus and perineum, scrotum and labium

Front 80

Dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris arises from the ______ and travels down the _______

Back 80

pudendal nerve
dorsal surface of the penis, over glans penis to apex

Front 81

The caudal cutaneous femoral nerve arises from the _______, traveling with the _____, following the ____ until it becomes ______

Back 81

sacral plexus,
pudendal nerve
caudal gluteal artery
cutaneous

Front 82

The lumbosacral trunk arises from the

Back 82

6th, 7th lumbar spinal nerves, and the first two sacral spinal nerves.

Front 83

The nerves that arise from the lumbosacral trunk are the

Back 83

caudal gluteal, cranial gluteal, and sciatic nerves.

Front 84

The caudal gluteal nerve arises from the _____, passes over the _____, enters the ________ and is its sole innervation.

Back 84

7th lumbar and 1st 2 sacral spinal nerves,
ischiatic notch
superficial gluteal

Front 85

The cranial gluteal nerve arises from the _______, travels over the ____,
and innervates the

Back 85

6th and 7th lumbar and 1st sacral spinal nerves,
ischiatic notch
middle, and deep gluteal and tensor fasciae latae.

Front 86

The sciatic nerve arises from the ______, passes the _____ and innervates the _______.

Back 86

last two lumbar and first two sacral spinal nerves,
greater trochanter, tuber ischium to lateral adductor.
Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranousus m.

Front 87

The lateral and audal cutaneous sural nerves arise from the _____, in the ____ and supply the _____

Back 87

sciatic nerve,
thigh
caudolateral skin of the crus

Front 88

The sciatic nerve terminates as the

Back 88

common fibular and tibial nerve

Front 89

The internal iliac artery gives off the rudimentary ____

Back 89

umbilical arter

Front 90

The internal iliac artery terminates as the

Back 90

caudal gluteal and internal pudendal artery

Front 91

The internal pudendal artery gives off the

Back 91

vaginal or prostatic artery

Front 92

The uterine artery supplies the

Back 92

caudal vesical artery to the bladder

Front 93

The uterine artery travels cranially in the ____. and anastamoses with the ____

Back 93

mesometrium
ovarian artery

Front 94

The caudal branch of the vaginal/prostatic artery is the

Back 94

middle rectal artery

Front 95

The cranial branch of the prostatic artery is ___, which gives off the _______

Back 95

the artery of the ductus defrens,
caudal vesical artery to the bladder.

Front 96

The middle rectal artery supplies the

Back 96

rectum, prostate and urethra

Front 97

The internal pudendal artery terminates as the

Back 97

ventral perineal artery , a variable urethral artery, the artery of the penis or clitoris

Front 98

The ventral perinal artery sends the _______ to the rectum and anus,

Back 98

caudal rectal artery

Front 99

The artery of the penis, a branch of the _____, has three branches, the ______

Back 99

internal pudendal artery
artery of the bulb o the penis, the deep artery of the penis, and the dorsal artery of the penis

Front 100

The caudal gluteal has 4 branches:

Back 100

The iliolumbar, cranial gluteal, lateral caudal, dorsal perineal aa.

Front 101

The external iliac artery becomes the ____ when

Back 101

femoral artery when it passes through the vascular lacuna

Front 102

The _____ is the only branch of the external iliac and branches _____ the abdomen.

Back 102

deep femoral a.
within the abdomen

Front 103

The deep femoral artery has 2 branches from the

Back 103

pudendoepigastric trunk;
the external pudendal a. and then caudal epigastric a.

Front 104

The lumbosacral plexus arises from

Back 104

L4, L5, L6, L7, S1, S2, S3.

Front 105

The brachial plexus arises from

Back 105

C4 to T2

Front 106

The cranial tibial artery passes _____ and supplies the

Back 106

between the tibia and fibula
peroneous longus, long digital extensor, cranial tibial muscle

Front 107

The obturator nerve arises from the ______ lumbar spinal nerves and leaves the pelvic cavity via the ____ and travels with the

Back 107

L4, L5, L6
Obturator foramen
medial circumflex femoral artery

Front 108

The femoral nerve arists from the ______ nerves.

Back 108

L4, L5, and sometime L6.

Front 109

The femoral nerve is found with the _____ and its first branch is the _______.

Back 109

lateral cirucmflex femoral artery
Saphenous nerve

Front 110

The autonomous zone of the saphenous/femoral is

Back 110

the cranial stifle and medial thigh.

Front 111

The femoral nerve is responsible for what movement?

Back 111

stifle extension to support weight

Front 112

The pudendal nerve arises from ________ passes lateral to ______mm. and dorsal to ____

Back 112

S1 - S3.
levator ani and coccygeus mm.
internal pudendal vessels.

Front 113

The branches of the pudendal nerve are:

Back 113

caudal rectal nerve,
perineal nerve
dorsal nerve of the penis

Front 114

The ______ nerve innervates the external anal sphincter

Back 114

caudal rectal nerve

Front 115

The perineal nerve supplies the _____

Back 115

skin of the anus and perineum, muscles of the penis, vestibule, and vulva

Front 116

The caudal gluteal nerve arises from the _____ and supplies the ______

Back 116

L7, S1, and S2
superficial gluteal m.

Front 117

The cranial gluteal nerve arises from ______, and innervates the _____.

Back 117

L6, L7, S1,
middle and deep gluteal

Front 118

The sciatic nerve arises from

Back 118

L6, L7, S1, and S2

Front 119

Sciatic nerve innervates

Back 119

caudal femur:biceps femoris, semitendinouses, and semimembranosus. Hip extensors

Front 120

The common fibular nerves arises from the _____ and innervates the _____.

Back 120

sciatic nerve
cranial crus: tarsal flexors and digital extensors

Front 121

The _________ forms the dorsal __________.

Back 121

common digital nerves

Front 122

The _______ fibular nerve innervates the _____ paw along with the ______ fibular nerve

Back 122

deep
dorsal
superficial

Front 123

The cranial tibial artery continues opposite the _______ joint as the

Back 123

talocrual joint
dorsal pedal artery.

Front 124

The dorsal pedal artery terminates in the _____ at the level of the_______

Back 124

arcuate artery
tarsometatarsal jt

Front 125

A perforating branch of the _____ passes from dorsal to plantar and is the

Back 125

dorsal metatarsal artery between 2 and 3.
largest source of blood to the paw.

Front 126

The tibial nerve arises from _____ and is the _____ portion of the _____ nerve.

Back 126

L7 and S1 spinal nerve
caudal

Front 127

The tibial nerves innervates the

Back 127

caudal crus muscles:tarsal extensors, and digital flexors.

Front 128

At the tarsus the tibial nerve branches into and terminates into the ________.

Back 128

lateral and plantar nerves
plantar common digital and planter metatarsal nerves.

Front 129

The tarsal tunnel is formed by the

Back 129

sustentaculum tali dorsally
calcanean tuber laterally
flexor retinaculum on plantar side

Front 130

The tarsal tunnel contains the

Back 130

tendon of the lateral digital flexor (w/synovial sheath), medial, and lateral plantar nerves, caudal branch of saphenous artery

Front 131

The autonomous zone of the sciatic nerve is the

Back 131

caudal stifle

Front 132

The autonomous zone of the fibular nerve is the

Back 132

dorsal pes

Front 133

The autonomous zone of the tibial nerve is the

Back 133

plantar pes

Front 134

The autonomous zone of the pudendal nerve is the

Back 134

perineum

Front 135

The pelvic inlet is bordered by the

Back 135

sacrum - cranially
ilia - laterally
pubis - ventrally

Front 136

The pelvic outlet is bordered by

Back 136

1st caudal vertebra - cranially
levator ani and coccygeus laterally
ishiatic arch - medially

Front 137

The blood supply to the rectum drains via the

Back 137

prostatic/uterine vein to internal pudendal vein to internal iliac to vena cava - BYPASSING hepatic portal vein.