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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The hip bone consist of 4 bones
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2 hip bones, the sacrum, the coccyx
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The hip bone consist of three parts
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Ilium, pubis and ishium
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When formed together, what do the three bones form
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the acetabulum``
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What do the acetabulum articulate with
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the head of the femur
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in childhood the three bones are separated. What happens to the bone in adulthood
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The are fused together and become one bone
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How much space do the ilium takes up and where is the location
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It takes up 2/5 of the acetabulum and located superiorly.
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What project superiorly from the body to form the prominence of the hip
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The ala
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What are the name of the three borders that the ala contains
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Anterior, Posterior, and Superior. The anterior and posterior present four prominent projections
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What are those projections of the Anterior and Posterior borders
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Anterior and Inferior Iliac spine and Posterior and Inferior iliac spine.
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The ASIS is used for radiographic positioning , What is the location
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The ASIS is exended form the superior margin to the posterior superior iliac spine which is known as the iliac crest.
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What is the rounded process on the proximal, medial aspect of the femur
called? |
Lesser Trochanter
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The “frog” lateral is a common name given to a position for which of the
following anatomical areas? |
Hip Joint
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When radiographing the hip in the AP projection, what should be done to the
patients foot? |
Rotated internally
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What is the area called that seperates the medial and lateral femoral condyles
posteriorly? |
Intercondyloid Fossa
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When the patient is in a Cleaves position (frog) how are the patient’s thighs
positioned? |
Abducted
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For the Cleaves position (frog) of a unilateral hip, where is the central ray
directed? |
Perpendicular to the femoral neck
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What is the rounded process on the proximal, lateral aspect of the femur
called? |
Greater trochanter
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Which of the following projections should be done if the patient has a
suspected hip fracture? |
AP & cross-table lateral
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Which anatomical landmarks are used to locate the neck of the femur?
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Symphysis and ASIS
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Where should the central ray enter for a unilateral AP projection of the Hip?
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Hip Joint
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Which of the following would be another name for the translateral hip
projection? |
cross-table lateral
O.R. Lateral Inferiosuperior projection |
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The AP projection of the pelvis requires the feet to be placed in which
position? |
Inverted
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What is the name of the bony landmark on the anterior portion of the iliac
crest? |
anterior superior iliac spine
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Which of the following anatomical parts is not related to the others?
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Ileum
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What is the name of the large foramen in the innominate bone (hip)?
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obturator foramen
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What is the name of the upper, curved border of the ilium called?
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Iliac crest
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What is the name of the joint between the two pubic bones?
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Symphysis pubis
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Where should the top of the cassette be placed for an AP projection of the
pelvis? |
2” above the iliac crest
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Which of the following is true concerning the differences between a male and
female pelvis? |
female pelvis is broader
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What is the most inferior portion of the pelvis called?
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ischial tuberosity
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The hip bone is formed by the fusion of which three bones?
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Ischium, pubis, ilium
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What does the medial surface of the wing of the Ilium contains?
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Iliac Fossa
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What forms a part of the circumference of the Pelvic Brim
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The Acruate Line
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What does the Inferior and Posterior portion of the wing articulate with?
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The large rough surface for articulation with the sacrum
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Just below the surface, the ilium curves inward forming what?
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The Greater Sciatic Notch
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What is the name of the small depression in the center of the head of the femur?
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Fovea Capitis
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What do the Fovea Capitis attaches to?
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The Ligamentum Capitis Femoris
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What is the name of the prominent ridge between the trochanters?
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Introchanteric Crest
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What are the two common sites for fx occuring on the femur?
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Introchanteric Line and the Introchanteric Crest
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What is the name of the less prominent ridge connecting the trochanters anteriorly?
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Introchanteric Line
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What is the location of the Superior Ramus?
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from the acetabulum to the midline of the body
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The angulation of the femoral neck depends on what?
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Sex, Age and Stature
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How does the femoral neck projects in adult?
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Anteriorly from the body at 15-20 degrees. Superiorly 120-130 to the long axis of the femoral body
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Articulation between the acetabulum and the head of the femur?
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Synovial, Ball and Socket Joint
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The Pubes of the hip bones articulates with each other. What type of joint is this?
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Pubic Symphysis and Cartilaginous Symphysis Joint
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What type of joint is SI
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Synovial, Irregular Gliding joint
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What do the right and left ilia articulate with?
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The Sacrum posteriorly at the Sacroiliac Joint
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What is the name of the boundary line, that separtate the upper margins of the pelvis
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The Brim of the Pelvis
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What is the name of the region above thepelvic brim?
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The false or greater pelvis
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What is the name of the region below the pelvic brim
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The true or lesser pelvis
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What does the brim of the pelvis forms?
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Superior Aperture or Inlet of the true pelvis
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Where is the location of the Inferior Aperture or Outlet?
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It measures from the tip of coccyx, to inferior margin of symphysis pubis anteroposterior directions between the ischial tuberosities
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What is the name of the region between the Inlet and Outlet?
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Pelvic Cavity
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What is the angle of the pelvis, when the body is in an upright position.
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Forms an angle of 60 degrees to the horizontal plane
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Why would a Clamente-Nakayama modification be done instead of using Danelius-Miller method .
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Because pt has b/l hip fracture
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What should you see in an AP pelvis profile.
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Ala
Obturator foramin Greater Trochanter in full profile Lesser trochanter barely seen |
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Where is the Central Ray directed in a unilateral AP Oblique (modified cleaves)
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CR-perpendicular to femoral neck
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Where is the center of the IR positioned in an AP Hip
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Level of Greater Trochanter
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Where is the CR pointed in an AP Hip
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CR perpendicular to middle of IR
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What is the difference in the Lauenstein and Hickey method of a Mediolateral Hip
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Lauenstein-CR is perpendicular to hip joint
Hickey- CR is 20-25 degrees cephalic entering the hip joint |
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Where is the Central Ray pointed in an Axiolateal projection
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Central Ray is perpendicular to long axis of femoral neck
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What is the placement of the IR for an Axiolateral projection
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The IR is vertical with upper border above iliac crest
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Where is the CR in an AP distal femur projection
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Central Ray is perpendicular to midde of IR
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How are the legs positioned for an distal AP Femur
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Leg is rotated until femoral epicondyles are paralled
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What is the placement of the Cassette in a distal AP Femur
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Bottom of cassette is 2 inches below knees
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Where is IR placed for proximal AP Femur
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IR at level of ASIS
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How would the legs positioned in a AP proximal Femur projection
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Rotate leg internally 10-15 degrees
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Where is the CR entering in AP (proximal) Femur
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CR is perpendicular to upper femur
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Danelius-Miller Method
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Used for pt known or suspected fx of hip.
IR is vertical adjacent to affected hip Good leg is raised up and out of way IR is vertical with upper border above the iliac crest. CR is perpendicular to long axis of femoral neck |
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What should you see on Danelius-Miller Method (Cross-table lateral) hip
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Acetabulum
Femoral neck without foreshortening |
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AP Internal Oblique Projection (Acetabulum) Judet Method
Where is the CR |
CR perpendicular to IR, entering 2 inches inferior to ASIS of the affected side
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How would you position the patient for an AP internal Oblique Projection
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Elevate the affected side 45 degrees angle from the table. Center affected hip to middle of IR
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What should you see in an AP oblique internal projection
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Acetabulum should be centered to the IR (acetabular rim)
Iliopubic column and posterior rim of affected acetabulum |
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What should you see in an AP External projection
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Ilioischial column and he anterior rim of the acetabulum
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Where is the CR in an AP External Oblique Projection
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CR is perpendicular to IR and entering the pubic symphysis
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In an AP Axial "Outlet" Projection, how is the CR different in males than in females
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Males- CR directed 20-35 degrees cephalic and centered 2 inches distal to the superior border of the pubic symphysis
Females-CR directed 30-35 degrees cephalad and cenered to 2 inches distal to upper border of pubic symphysis |
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What should you see on profile in AP Axial Projection
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Pubic and Ischial bones magnified with pubic bones superimposed over the sacrum and coccyx
Hip joints Symmetric Obturator foramina Pubic and Ishcial Rami near the center of image Rami without foreshortening |
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Superinferior Axial "Inlet" Projection. How is the patient positioned
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ASIS equal distant
IR center to level of greater trochanter |
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Where is the CR in Axial Inlet Projection
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CR directed 40 degrees caudad, entering at level of ASIS
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What should you see in profile on Superiorinferior Axial projection
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Medially superimposed Superior and Inferior Rami of the pubic bones
Hip joint Anterior pelvic bones Pelvic ring or Inlet |
