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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Normal negative pressure inside pleural space? (kPa & cm H2O)
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0.4-0.7 kPa
-4 to -8 cm H2O |
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What is function of negative pleural pressure?
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To make visceral pleura follow parietal pleura during respiration
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What happens when the lung collapses?
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There is an entrance of air into intrapleural space - and the air will rush until pressure inside & outside is in unity
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2 types of pneumothorax?
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External
Internal |
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External pneumothorax is?
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When intrapleural space is connected with ambient atmosphere..... Injuries like knife or bullet
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Internal pneumothorax is?
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When air enters intrapleural space due to a tear in visceral pleura
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What may cause internal pneumothorax? (tear in visceral pleura)
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- Rupture of a emphysematous bleb or lung cyst
- Perforation of a tuberculous focus - Fractured rib |
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Complete pneumothorax?
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When lung retracts completely to lung hilus
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Partial pneumothorax?
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Lung collapse partially due to adhesions between parietal & visceral pleura
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Closed pneumothorax?
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When lung collapses, and seals off the opening of the lung. All types of internal pneumothorax
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Open pneumothorax?
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When communication hole to lung remains open. All types of external pneumothorax
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Tension / valve pneumothorax?
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The opening serves as a valve - air enters in inhalation, but cannot escape.
--> Pressure in pleural cavity increase constantly. |
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Why is a right-sided tension pneumothorax dangerous?
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Due to pressure upon SVC, right atrium & ventricle - which all have thin walls
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Clinical signs of pneumothorax?
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- Hyperressonant / tympanic percussion
- Decreased / absent vocal fremitus, bronchophony - Expansion of hemithorax - Leftsided: No cardiac dullness |
