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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are antigens?
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invading substances that triggers an immune system respons.
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In the presence of antigens the body produces ?
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antibodies or proteins that work against the antigens
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What two types of immunity to we have?
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Passive and Active immunity
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What is passive immunity?
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passive immunity is immunity that we are born with (from mother to baby). Can also be acquired through blood transfusion.
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What is active immunity?
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Immunity acquire through vaccins or by a having an immune response to a pathogen.
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What is non-specific immunity?
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Natural first line of defense such as: intact skin, body secretions (sweat, tears), mucus membranes, body pH.
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What are primary lymphoid organs?
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thymus, bone marrow and liver
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What are secondary lymphoid organs?
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lymph nodes, spleen and gut
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If antigens penetrate barriers they are destroyed via?
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phagocytosis
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Phagocytosis is attempted regardless of?
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type of antigen
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phagocytosis is done by?
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neutrophils and monocytes
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Products of phagocytic-antigen death include ?
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fever, pain and purulence (pus)
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Cells of nonspecific immunity are?
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neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages
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Types of specific immunity?
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humoral and cell mediated
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Specific immunity kicks in if antigens survive what?
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phagocytosis
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Specific immunity is ?
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Selective. Able to recognize the antigen and respond selectively.
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Cells of specific immunity are?
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B-cells and t-cells
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Humoral Immunity is responsible for?
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Destroying bacterial and viral antigens
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B-lymphocytes originate in ?
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Bone marrow or liver
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B-lymphocytes mature in ?
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lymphoid tissue and become plasma cells
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Plasma cells produce and secrete large quantaties of what in response to an antigen?
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antibodies
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Some plasma cells differentiate and become?
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memory cells
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Memory cells are responsible for?
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recognizing an antigen that the body has previously been exposed to and mounting a quicker response
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Booster vaccines work on?
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memory cells
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antibodies produced by the plasma cells are classified as ?
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immunoglobulins
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Immunoglobulins bind to?
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antigens and facilitate its disruption
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IgG is a ?
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Immunoglobulin
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IgG controls?
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infection
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IgG crosses the?
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Placenta
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IgG disappear _____ after birth? Then gradually increases to mature levels at ________?
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6-8 months
7-8 years |
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IgM is a type of?
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immunoglobulin
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IgM controls?
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infection
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IgM is low at ?
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birth
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IgM rises markedly at?
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1 week of age
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IgM reaches adult levels at?
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1 year of age
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igA is a?
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Immunoglobulin
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IgA controls?
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Infection
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IgA is present in?
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breast milk
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IgA is not present at?
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birth
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IgA is produced by?
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2 weeks of age
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Adult values of IgA are reached by?
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6-7 years
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IgE is a ?
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immunoglobulin
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IgE responds to?
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parasite infections
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IgE is not present at?
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birth
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IgE is produced by ?
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2 weeks of age
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IgE reaches adult values by?
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6-7 years of age
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IgE also responds in an ?
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allergic response
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IgD is an ?
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immunoglobulin
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IgD plays a role in ?
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allergic reactions
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Primary Immune response happens in?
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5-10 days
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During a primary response B lymphocytes produce ?
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antibodies specific to antigen
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the predominant immunoglobulin in a primary response is?
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IgM
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Secondary immune response occurs in?
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3-5 days
its a subsequent exposure to an antigen not the initial ( primary response) |
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The predominant immunoglobulin in a secondary response is?
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IgG
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Cells responsible for recognizing an antigen in a secondary immune response are?
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Memory Cells
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If you want to find out if a person has a particular disease or HAD it you would test for presence of ?
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IgM or IgG in the blood.
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Cell Mediated Immunity is done by?
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T lymphocytes
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Cell Mediated immunity occurs ?
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within the cell
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Cell mediated immunity is not done by ?
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immunoglobulins
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In a cell mediate response _______is released?
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lymphokines
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Lymphokines originate in the ?
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bone marrow
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Lymphokines mature in the ?
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thymus
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Lymphokines protect against?
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viruses, fungi and slowly developing bacterial infections (TB)
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Lymphokines are also responsible for surveillance for?
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malignant cells
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Lymphokines achieve full function by?
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age six
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Lymphokines are responsible for rejection of?
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foreign grafts
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T helper cells (CD4+) secrete?
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cytokines
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T helper cells stimulate?
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B cells
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Cytototix Cells (CD8+) rid the body of?
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cells that have been infected by viruses or cancer
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Supressor cells turn off?
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response when antigen no longer present
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Lymphokines originate in the ?
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bone marrow
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Lymphokines mature in the ?
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thymus
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Lymphokines protect against?
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viruses, fungi and slowly developing bacterial infections (TB)
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Lymphokines are also responsible for surveillance for?
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malignant cells
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Lymphokines achieve full function by?
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age six
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Lymphokines are responsible for rejection of?
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foreign grafts
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T helper cells (CD4+) secrete?
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cytokines
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T helper cells stimulate?
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B cells
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Cytototix Cells (CD8+) rid the body of?
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cells that have been infected by viruses or cancer
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Supressor cells turn off?
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response when antigen no longer present
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