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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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consequences of cold stress in the neonate
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hypoxia
metabolic acidosis hypoglycemia |
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causes of temperature loss on hi risk neonates
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greater surfac area
less subQ fat immature CNS control extended body posture can't shiver decreased activity small muscle mass |
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respiratory issues on HR neonates
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aspiration
apnea RDS |
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treatment of apnea
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SPO2 and assessments
stimulation and resuscitation theopylline administration |
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who are at risk for sids?
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ALTE
premature siblings |
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aka Hyaline membrane disease. refers to a group of conditions which are all characterized by failure of normal respiration caused by lack of a substance called surfactant in the lungs
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RDS
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s/s of RDS
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nasal flaring
grunting retractions tachypnea |
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treatment of RDS
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CPAP
steroids to Mom correction of acidosis (IV) surfactant |
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measures of lung maturity
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PG
LS SA |
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problems with O2 toxicity
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ROP : retinopathy of prematurity
BPD bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
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intestinal tissues are somehow weakened by too little oxygen or blood flow. When feedings are started and the food moves into the weakened area of the intestinal tract, bacteria from the food can damage the intestinal tissues. The tissues may be severely damaged and die, which can cause a hole to develop in the intestine. This can lead to severe infection in the abdomen.
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NEC`
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tx of NEC
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NPO
hyperalimentation and lipids NG tube |
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s/s of NEC
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lethargy
N/v abd distention no bowel sounds bloody stools |
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s/s of kernicterus
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CNS depression and excitation
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tx of apnea of prematurity
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caffeine and stimulants
CPAP |
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related to underdeveloped nasal bone and hypotonicity of chest muscles
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stuffy nose and mouth breathing on Down syndrome
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how to reduce Risk of Constipation on Down patients
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small frequent feedings with rest periods
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typicall death age of Down syndrome
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55 years
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preventing Down's syndrome
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amniocentesis
genetic counseling |
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physical traits of Trisomy 13
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facial defects
rocker bottom feet polydactylia mental retardation seizures early death |
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physical traits of trisomy 18
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gross and multiple anomalies
FTT rocker bottom feet hypertonicity mental retardation'abnormal eals and small mandible |
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"cry of the cat" syndrome
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Cri du chat
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enlarged breast
mental retardation small testes female shape sterile |
Klinefelter's syndrome XXY - 47 chromosomes
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short stature
mental retardation webbed neck short hands and feet |
XO - Turner's syndrome - 45 chromosomes
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treatment for Klinefelters
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hormones (testosterone)
surgery (gynecomastia) |
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treatment for Turner's
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hormones (estrogen)
steroids for linear growth |
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examples of Auto-dominant disease
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Marfan's syndrome
osteogenesis imperfecta polydactyly achondroplasia neurofibromatosis tuberous sclerosis |
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examples of Auto-recessive diseases
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Tay sachs
Cystic fibrosis PKU galactosemia sickle cell anemia thalassemia Reily Day syndrome |
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a set of autonomic peripheral nervous disorders common among Jews
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Reily Day syndrome
(auto-recessive) |
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sex linked inheritance patterns
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hemophilia
color blindness Duchene type muscular dystrophy |
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resulting offspring of auto-dominant parents
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50% affected
50% not affected no carriers |
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resulting offspring of auto-recessive parents
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75% normal
25% affected 50% carriers |
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resulting offspring of sex linked inherited disorders
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25% affected (only males)
25% carriers (only daughters) 75% normal 50% chance of sons being affected 50% chance of daughters being carriers |
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what is deficient in albinism
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melanin
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what is deficient in cretinism
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thyroxine
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3 major problems with high risk infants
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hypoglycemia
metabolic acidosis hypoxia |
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delayed breathing for more than 20 secs with or without desats or cyanosis or bradycardia
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apnea of prematurity
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pathophysiology of RDS
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immature lungs
surfactant deficiency atelectasis hypoxia and CO2 pulmonary vasoconstriction -formation of hyaline membrane |
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hoarseness
barking cough prolonged inspiratory phase severe retraction |
upper airway obstruction
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wheeze and grunt
prolonged expiratory harsh cough flaring of the nares mild chest retraction |
lower airway obstruction
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critical point : HR lower airway obstruction
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180
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critical point: HR upper airway obstruction
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160
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max RR: lower airway obstruction
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100-110
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max RR: upper airway obstruction
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45-50
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when would tracheostomy help
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when pt has UPPER airway obstruction
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causes of aspiration on hi risk infants
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pliable thorax
immature lungs poor neurological / chemical regulation |
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dysfunction of the exocrine (mucous) glands
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CF
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peak age of SIDS
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2-3 months
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Barking
hoarseness inspiratory stridor |
upper airway obstruction
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mild retractions
flaring of the alle nares expiratory wheeze |
lower airway obstruction
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a disease state on preemies caused by lack of surfactant production
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RDS
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pathophysiology of cold stress
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cold
need for heat increased metabolism of O2 increased demand of O2 hypoxia metabolic acidocis hypoglycemia |
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interventions to avoid cold stress
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swaddle infant
warm infant w/ warmer undress and perform procedures quickly monitor infant temperature |
