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109 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What disease is often associated with tattoos?
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Hep C
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What material can be used up to 18 years following the development of a scar to help minimize it?
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Silicone patching
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Why is lanolin terrible for dry skin?
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it is made with wool
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What are the 9 functions of the skin?
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1. Protection
2. prevents penetration 3. Perception 4. Temp regulation 5. Identification 6. communication 7. wound repair 8. absorption and excretion 9. Production of vitamin D |
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Which layer of the skin is characterized by a horny layer of dead cells, melanin and keratin are formed?
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Epidermis
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Describe the dermis.
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Supportive layer, connective tissue, appendages embedded vasculature and peripheral nervous system
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THe subcutaneous layer is composed of___.
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Fat
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What common skin disorders often affect the epidermal layer?
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-Vitiligo
-atopic dermatitis -cafe au lait spots -impetigo |
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if a lesion effects both the dermis and the epidermis, how would it be described?
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Altered surface markings plus distinct borders, edema, scales, vesicles, crust, color changes including red
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Which disorders effect both the epidermis and the dermis?
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-Psoriasis
-Atopic dermatitis -cutaneous lupus erythematosus -contact dermatitis |
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What is the name of the thickening of the skin?
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lichenification
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If a lesion occurs at the dermal layer, how would it be generally described?
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Normal surface markings with color changes and dermal firmess
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what skin lesions often occur in the dermis?
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-Urticaria
-granuloma annulare -hemangioma -blue nevus |
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What skin lesions can occur in the subcutaneous tissue?
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-hematoma
-erythema nodosum |
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what is a common example of hypopigmentation often seen in children?
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TInea alba: sign that the child has tendencies to be atopic
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If a child has tinea alba, what is he or she predisposed to?
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allergies
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Where are aprocrine sweat glands found?
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-ear canal
-armpit -nipples -ano/genital region |
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Sweat glands on the forehead, armpits, palms and feet are often ___?
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eccrine
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Give examples of what can cause temporary pallor?
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fear, exam room too cool
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If a pigment change lies in the epidermis, how long does it take to go away?
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6 months
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In darkly pigmented children the ___ ____ causes a prominent papular and follicular pattern.
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pilar apparatus
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____ response: hypertrophic scars?
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mesenchymal
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how many times would a child with hyperkeratosis pilaris have to scratch to cause lichenification?
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140,000
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What is the name of the autoimmune disease which causes destruction and loss of the melanocytes?
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Vitiligo
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What disorder is vitiligo often associated with>?
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hypothyroidism
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Describe oculocutaneous albinism and what it is associated with.
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-Body is unable to produce melanin
-red/orange hair -must protect skin since will develop freckles, actinic keratoses and carcinoma -associated with NYSTAGMUS and photophobia |
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What is Koebner Phenomenon?
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Linear papules that occur after being scratched in an area.
Think poison ivy!! |
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What are the prime areas to assess when determining abnormal variations in skin COLOR?
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Mucus membranes, conjunctiva, and the hands
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what are 5 examples of abnormal variations in skin color?
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1. pallor
2. erythema 3. cyanosis 4. jaundice 5. increased pigmentation |
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What are the 2 phases of Raynauds?
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Pallor and erythema
Rubor is often associated with an autoimmune disorder such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis |
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True or False: mongolian spots blanch?
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False
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True or false: palmar erythema during pregnancy is an abnormal finding?
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False
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What is the clinical term for a port wine stain?
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Nevus Flammeus
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Where on the body do port wine stains often fade?
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around the eyelids or face
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If a port wine stain covers an area of the trigeminal nerve, what should the patient be worked up for?
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Sturge-weber
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What is the medical term for an abnormal mole? what can occur if the pt has 2 or more?
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Dysplastic nevi
2 or more may be dysplastic nevi syndrome |
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what is acanthosis nigricans? what is it a sign of?
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Dirty neck
occurs in obesity and is a sign of increased insulin levels |
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True or False: Steven Johnson's is life threatening?
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True
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List the primary skin lesions.
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-macule
-patch -papule -plaque -nodule -tumor -wheal -urticaria -vesicle -bulla -pustule -cyst |
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What is the name of a macular rash that is common for a drug erruptions?
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confluent/morbilliform
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Exposure to bleach on the hand can cause which lesions?
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Contact dermatitis which are flat lesions patches
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What is this an example of?
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Wheal: urticaria.
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What are the lesions called after urticaria has been scratched extensively?
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White dermagraphism
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name a disease often associated with nodules?
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neurofibromatosis
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If a lipoma occurs on the ___ it must be removed?
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joint
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How does varicella spread?
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Starts trunkal and spreads out up and down
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what type of lesions are associated with varicella?
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vesicles
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If an individual reacts to an iodine sensitivity, what kind of lesions will occur?
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vesicles in the area of the drip
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If an individual presents to the clinical with bullae and vesicles that run along a dermatone and stop at the midline, what is their likely diagnosis?
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Herpes zoster
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What skin disorder is only seen in infancy and involves pustules located on the ankle most commonly in black babies?
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Acral Pustulosis of childhood
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Describe psoriasis.
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Scaly plaques located most commonly on the forearm and often follows a line.
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How can one determine herpes from varicella?
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Herpres are vesicles in a group/clustered
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List the secondary lesions
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-crust
-scale -fissure -erosion -ulcer -excoriation -scar -atrophic scar -lichenification -keloid |
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Other than the forearm, where is another common location for psoriasis?
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Sclap
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Give and example of a disorder associated with scaling?
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tinea pedis
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What is the likely diagnosis of a child who comes into the office with mild scaling and erythema around the mouth?
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Lip lickers dermatitis
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Which form of secondary lesions is often seen on the lips of herpes simplex?
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crust
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If a honey comb crusting is seen on the skin, what is the likely diagnosis?
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secondary infection possible impetigo
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What is the name of a singluar, locular lesion that drains from one area?
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Furuncle
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If a lesions has many openings that drains through multiple areas, it is referred to as a ___.
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carbuncle
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If a person presents with multiple atrophies (striae) that are purple in color, what should they be worked up for?
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Cushings
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What is the only product that has been found to flatten keratosis pilaris?
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lac hydrin
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Which population is often prone to striae gravidarum?
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Pregnant women
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If petechiae are located on the abdomen, what should the person be worked up for?
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Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
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If petechiae is located on the face, what is the likely cause?
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Severe vomiting or pressure from coughing.
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What type of lesions are petechiae?
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vascular
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What are the vascular lesions?
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-petechiae
-purpura -ecchymosis -spider angioma -telangiectasia -hemangioma |
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What are the lesions that are neither primary or secondary?
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Excematous and Hyperkratosis
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Define eczematous.
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inflammatory skin lesions that are poorly marginated, erythematous and sometimes with vesiculations
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What is hyperkeratosis?
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thickening of the corneum stratum
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What age group commonly gets seborrhea
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6-10 weeks old
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What is the preferred treatment for hemangiomas?
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Beta blockers
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If a lesion is described as discoid, what is its shape?
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disk like
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What is the name of lesions that are droplike in shape?
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Guttate
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Coin shaped lesions are charted as ____.
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Nummular
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What is a common name of seborrhea?
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Cradle cap
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What are the 5 ways to describe how lesions are configured?
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1. Linear lesion
2. Herpetiform lesions 3. Dermatomal 4. Annular 5. Arciform |
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What are some common lesions that have herpetiform configuration?
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gingivitis, any groups lesions
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What type of allergy is poison ivy?
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Type 4 allergy: Tcell allergy
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Describe granuloma annulare.
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Ringlike erythematic lesion that is flat in the middle and raised on the borders with no scaling. Often found on the ankle in children. Associated with DM in adults.
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Give 3 examples of annular: ringlike lesions.
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1. nummular excema
2. granuloma annulare 3. Tinea corporus |
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What disorder often has a butterfly distribution?
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Lupus
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What is the 6 pronged approach to documenting the location and distribution of a rash?
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1- sun exposed area
2. flexural rashes 3. acneform 4. acrodermatitis 5. clothing covered sites 6. pityriasis |
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What are the common disorders found in flexural region?
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-atopic dermatitis
-fungal infections like tinea cruris -inverse psoriasis -intertrigo -candidiasis -toilet seat dermatitis |
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other than acne, what other lesion has an acneform distribution?
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pityriasis versicolor
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Which skin disorders have an acrodermatitis distribution?
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-Viral exanthema caused by coxsakie
-dyshidrotic exzcema -post streptococcal peeling -tinea pedis |
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What should HCP look for on the acrodermatitis region during may-october?
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exanthem of coxsackie
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What are the common skin disorders associated in the sun exposed areas?
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-Viral exanthem photo enhancements
-Lupus erythematous |
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The common skin lesions with pityriasis distribution are ___?
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1. Pityriasis rosea
2. Drug reaction 3. secondary syphilis 4. Guttate psoriasis |
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Contact dermatitis, miliaria and psoriasis in summer are located and distributed on which area of the body?
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Clothing covered sites
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Where are the common sites on the body for atopic dermatitis lesions in adults?
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Neck, antecubal region, wrists and ankles
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What are the 9 ways to classify the shape/configuration of a lesion?
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1. annular: circular
2. confluent 3. discrete 4. grouped 5. gyrate 6. target 7. linear 8. polycyclic 9. zosteriform |
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What is the spreading pattern of measles?
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Starts behind the ears
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What type of lesion is known to be painful?
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herpes zoster
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What is a common itchy lesion?
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tinea corpus
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True or false: granuloma annulare is itchy and painful?
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False: it is nothing
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True or false: koebner's phenomenom have pustular lesions?
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FALSE!! Papular!
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What is monilial intertrigo? and where is it located?
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Form of candidiasis and is found in the folds of the body. Often under the breasts or armpits.
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Where is Monilial Balanitis found?
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candidiasis on the penis
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What is monilial balanitis?
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red candidia on the shaft
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What is the medical term for warts?
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Verruca
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What is Verruca plantaris?
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Plantar warts
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Describe condyloma accuminatum.
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cauliflower like warts on the genitals caused by HPV
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Describe Scabies
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The most common symptoms of scabies are intense itching and a pimple-like skin rash. The scabies mite usually is spread by direct, prolonged, skin-to-skin contact with a person who has scabies.
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What is alopecia areata?
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A total loss of hair in one area or over a large portion of the head or body.
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What is the name of the disorder where there is a large area of the hair that is white?
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alopecia areata: loss of melanocytes
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What is disorder commonly associated with hursitism?
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polycystic ovarian syndrome
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What are Beau lines?
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LInear lines on the nails that can occur after a very high fever
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What is onychomycosis and where is it most common?
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Fungal infection, most commonly in the nails also known at tinea unguium
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