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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anterior crossbites can cause a ? is left untreated
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Tmj disturbance
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etiology of anterior crossbites
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skeletal dysplasia
abnormal dental relations functional interferences combo of all of the above |
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arch usually the problem in primary anterior crossbite
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maxilla
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Popsicle stick used to treat anterior crossbite
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tongue blade
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Poor patient compliance
Inexpensive Requires no appliance to wear |
tongue blade
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Have them bite on the stick until the tissue blanches and it will push the tooth. They do this for a few days and their teeth get sore so they won’t bit on it anymore because it hurts
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tongue blade
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Sometimes the anterior crossbites look like class ? occlusion, but we don’t know if it actually is.
If it is, they can bite into this anterior crossbite position in a ? |
3
smooth flowing arc |
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Patient closes with anterior teeth touching incisal edge to incisal edge=then the patient shifts the mandible anteriorly so they can bite down
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pseudoclass III occlusion
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best way to differentiate from a class 3 and a pseudoclass 3?
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mandible shifts forward in pseudo
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You should be able to diagnose a crossbite with the mouth open. How?
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cuspids walking tall
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cause of diastemas between lower incisors?
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max teeth pushing them off ridge
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Use an orthodontic band and a wire that goes on the lower. Place a rubber band that goes across the anteriors and will pull the teeth together and back. This is called a ?
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Sheppard’s hook
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Constricted maxillae
Familial Strong suckling tendency Habits |
causes of posterior crossbites
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most common etiology of posterior crossbites?
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suckling tendency (constricts maxilla)
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when should you fix a crossbite according to UT?
dental boards? |
immediately
when 6 year molar erupts |
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3 types of posterior crossbites:
most common? |
***unilateral w/ midline shift***
unilateral w/o midline shift bilateral w/o midline shift |
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functional crossbite. Also called a convenience bite
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posterior CB unilateral w/ a midline shift
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This is a tooth arch discrepancy. If you expand the upper arch so that it fits, you will have spaces between all teeth
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bilateral posterior CB w/o midline shift
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caused by a unilaterally constricted maxilla
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unilateral posterior CB w/o midline shift
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need more anchorage on the same or opposite side of the crossbite?
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opposite
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You can notice a posterior crossbite because there is usually more ? on one side than the other
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chin
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Posterior crossbite with a midline shift is most ? and most ?
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common
destructive to the tmj |
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Rapid palatal expander (jack screw)
Porter "W" appliance 4Quadhelix |
3 appliances to treat a Posterior crossbite with a midline shift
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rapid palatal expander:
There is a hole in which you place the key and turn toward the back of the mouth. Each turn is ? This puts pressure on a lot of bones so we will do ? turns a week |
¼ of a mm
2 (1/2 mm) |
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good for primary dentition and doesn't tip the teeth
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rapid palatal expander
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It opens the mid-palatal suture and moves everything lateral creating a diastema
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rapid palatal expander
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You can place the wire over the central developmental groove of the lower posterior teeth so that you will never over expand but it tips the teeth
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Porter "W" appliance
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just like a porter except it has coils in it(which trap tissue)?
the ? the wire the kinder it is to the tissue |
4Quadhelix
longer |
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if you don;t correct posterior crossbite by the age of 5 then the ? will not develop properly
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articular eminence
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75-80% of the time the ? is involved in the posterior crossibte
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lateral
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Remember to tell mom that a ? will result from the expansion. They will eventually close though
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diastema
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maxilla is constricted and too narrow from thumb sucking. You have to correct the habit before you correct the corssbite because it will just come back
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thumb sucking
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use a single wire with a rubber band. This will fix it but sometimes they won’t wear it
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single tooth posterior crossbite
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kind of looks like a lower lingual arch. It has a hollow tube in the anterior and a coiled spring running along the posteriors
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E arch
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A symmetrical open bite is caused by ?. But an open bite that is messed up is probably caused from a ?
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the tongue
digit habit |
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2 treatments for open bites
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A bead appliance
Crib appliance |
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the bead will spin on the wire that is involved in the appliance. The child will play with the bead and it will cause them to swallow. They will reprogram the tongue
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bead appliance
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this will physically keep the tongue from going forward. If a huge tongue pushes on the palate it can push everything forward and this is bad! So use this appliance to fix it
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crib appliance
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• If pt has kissing tonsils that touch in the midline, they can reduce the air flow and cause construction. Thus people will keep the ? forward and get a ?
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tongue
long face |
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what to do at first pedo appointment?
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med/dental history
infant exam caries risk assessment anticipatory guidance |
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count teeth
check occlusion check hard and soft tissues note any demin/caries note plaque |
knee to knee exam
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Age most kids have all of their teeth?
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3
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You have to use a ? in a knee to knee exam
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mirror to see all aspects of the teeth
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does a prophy have to be performed on 0-3 year olds?
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no
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need to use fluoride ? in the very young patients
Why? |
varnish
less fluoride vs gel or foam (7mg vs. 30) |
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topical fluoride with a resin base (like amber resin/tree sap)?
need to be cautious in patients with ? |
varnish
tree nut allergy |
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fluoride varnish application steps?
have to wait how long before eating/drinking? |
dry teeth with gauze
apply thin layer stays on 4-8 hours can eat or drink immediately |
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1. Oral hygiene recommendations
2. Diet counseling 3. Injury prevention 4. Non-nutritive habits 5. Other prevention recommendations for HIGH risk children |
after prophy/exam, discuss with mom or dad
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when to begin brushing teeth?
with? why? |
immediately
tooth brush mechanical cleansing |
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Primary caregiver has active caries
Low SES, low education Bottle to bed with sugared liquid; Child has >3 sugary snacks/beverages a day Visible demineralization or active caries |
high caries risk
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Special Healthcare need
Recent immigrant Plaque on teeth |
moderate caries risk
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Fluoridated water
Practices oral hygiene and receives regular dental care |
protective caries risk
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does not contain fluoride and is no better than water?
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training toothpaste
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training toothpaste is recommended for who?
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low to moderate caries risk under 2 yrs old
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amount of fluoridated toothpaste to put on children under 2 brush?
what children? |
smear amount
high risk caries |
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increased or decreased:
early childhood caries? fluorosis? |
increased
increased |
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children who begin using fluoridated toothpaste before age ? are at higher risk for fluorosis
Regular fluoride supplementation at ages ? months is associated with higher incidences of fluorosis |
2
2-6 (24-72 months) |
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when do children need to floss?
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when all primary molars come in (age 3)
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Don’t worry about flossing until parents are doing the ?
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brushing well
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When should child stop sucking thumb, pacifier, etc.?
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by 36 months (3 years)
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Mom should chew xylitol ? (when) to reduce caries
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3 months-2 yrs
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xylitol affects ? levels
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Strep Mutans
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juvenile bruxism occurs in about ?% of children
treatment? |
30
none (self limiting) |
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does bruxism cause pulp exposures?
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no, pulp will recede
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Plaque score on children?
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1=gingival 1/3
2=gingival and middle 1/3 3=whole tooth only 4 teeth (max central and molar, mand incisor and molar) max score 12 |
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most commonly used fluoride?
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APF (foam or gel)
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Recommendations for this age group
1. Oral Hygiene 2. Non-nutritive oral habits 3. Diet Counseling |
age 4-7
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what kind of toothpaste with ages 4-7?
amount? |
fluoridated
pea size |
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most common areas to have interproximal caries
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max incisors
posterior molars |
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oral rinses should only be used on kids ? and older and they need to be ? caries risk
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6
moderate to high |
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if water fluoridation is greater than ?, no fluoride supplements should be given
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.6 PPM
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fluoride less than .03:
birth-6 months? 6 mo-3 years? 3-6? 6-16? between .3 and .6? |
0
.25mg .5mg 1mg 0 0 .25mg .5mg |
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only give fluoride supplements if ? and ?
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patient is high caries risk and in a fluoride deficient area
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can only prescribe up to ? of fluoride at one time
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120mg
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Acute toxic dose of Fluoride- is estimated at ?
lethal |
5mg/kg of body weight
16-32 |
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Nausea and vomiting
Hypersalivation Abdominal pain Tremors, weakness, convulsions, shallow respirations |
symptoms of acute fluoride toxicity
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treatment for patients swallowing fluoride?
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call poison control
give patient milk (Ca binds to fluoride) |
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Leave a habit appliance in mouth until ?
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habit has stopped for 6 months
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what fluoride can limit demin beneath ortho bands and brackets?
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varnish
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Most common crossbite?
most destructive to the TMJ? |
posterior with midline shift (X2)
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? constricts maxillary arch, can lead to crossbite
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thumb sucking
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