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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most common type of malignant solid tumor in children less than 1 years old?
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Neuroblastoma
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The malignant cells of neuroblastoma originate from???
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Neural crest cells
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Sites of involvement by neuroblastoma are? (4)
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Adrenal medulla (40%), paravertebral sympathetic ganglia, paraganglia (e.g. organ of Zucklandl), brain
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Neuroblastic tumors are classified into what 3 groups?
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Neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma
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Neuroblastoma is divided into what 3 groups?
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- Undifferentiated: no neuropil
- Poorly differentiated: <50% neuropil - Differentiating: >50% neuropil + >5% ganglion cells |
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What distinguishes neuroblastoma from ganglioneuroblastoma?
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Neuroblastoma has non to minimal schwannian differentiation while ganglioneuroblastoma has a schwannian component representing 50% or more of the tumor.
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Ganglioneuroblastoma is subdivided into what 2 groups?
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- Intermixed: tumor is uniform throughout wiht a predominance of schwannian-rich stroma
- Nodular: composite tumor resulting from the coexistence of ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma and discrete nodules of neuroblastoma |
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Ganglioneuroma is divided into what 2 subtypes?
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- Maturing: individual neuroblastic cells blending into the predominant schwannian component
- Mature: complete absence of neuroblastic differentiation |
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What are the cut-off points for the mitotic-karyorrhexis index for neuroblastic tumors?
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- Low: <2% (<100/5000)
- Intermediate: 2-4% (100-200/5000) - High: >4% (>200/5000) |
