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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a tumor that is NOT cancerous called?
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benign
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how is a malignant tumor different from a benign tumor?
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a malignant tumor is capable of invading surrounding structures
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When a malignant tumor spreads to sites distant from the primary tumor, the process is known as____.
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metastasis
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what is the most common type of cancer?
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carcinoma
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how are malignant tumors classified?
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the type of cells that give rise to them
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what kind of cancer can you get by eating red meat?
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colon cancer
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what is the most common form of cancer in women?
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breast cancer
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what is the most common form of cancer death?
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lung cancer
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a woman is more likely to get breast cancer if she is ____
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obese
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what is the infection that puts women at risk for cervical cancer?
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HPV
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what is a risk factor of cervical cancer?
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early onset of menstruation
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the acronym CAUTION is a good way to remember ___
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the warning signs of cancer
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What are the most common causes of vehicular accidents?
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speeding, fatigue, distracted, cell phones
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how are speed limits posted?
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road conditions
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how old should children be before sitting in the front seat?
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13
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what is the most common cause of bicycle accidents?
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cars
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what are some safe cycling strategies?
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safety equipment, reflectors, ride with traffic, stop at lights & signs, pedal at all times
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how can someone avoid falls?
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place ladders 1ft. away from the wall for every 4ft. high, install handrails, light switches by doors, use both hands when climbing a ladder
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what are the 3 most common home injuries?
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falls, fires, poisoning
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what is the most common type of gas poisoning?
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carbon monoxide poisoning
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what percentage of firearm injuries involve young people?
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40%
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what are some ways to prevent fire injuries?
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wet cold cloth over mouth to breathe through, get down low, touch door handles to see if hot
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what is a pathogen?
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an organism that causes disease
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what are the portals of entry for pathogens?
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mouth, nose
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how does our body prevent organisms from entering portals?
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cilia, mucus, saliva, vaginal secretions, antibodies, & enzymes
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what are macrophages?
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a large phagocytic (cell-eating) cell that devours foreign particles
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what happens in the lymph nodes?
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macrophages and dendritic cells congregate and filter bacteria and other substances from the lymph
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what do swollen lymph nodes mean?
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infection
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what are antigens?
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a marker on the surface of a foreign substance that immune system cells recognize as nonself and that triggers the immune response.
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what is acquired immunity?
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the ability of memorty lymphocytes to remember previous infections
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what is immunization based on?
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the ability of the immune system to remember previously encountered organisms and retain its strength against them.
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what is active immunity?
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the vaccinated person produces his or her own antibodies to the microorganism
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what is meningitis?
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infetion of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. viral is more contagious than bacterial
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what is used to treat bacteria?
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antibiotics, there are new bacterias that are very antibiotic resistant
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what are the different types of hepatitis?
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A, B, C
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Which STDs are curable?
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bacterial STDs including: chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, PID
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global spread of HIV:
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more than 65 million infected, 1% of population, 25 million have died, 40% 19-24
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time span between infection with HIV and disease symptoms
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11 years
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what are the obligations of a sexually active person?
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honest and protected
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which STDs have a vaccine?
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HPV, hepatitis B
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what is a chancre?
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the sore produced by syphilis in its earliest stages
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what is the most common form of contagious disease?
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viruses
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what is an allergic reaction?
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body says that an item is dangerous, but it really isn't
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what is the best way to prevent infection?
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wash hands
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what are the non-curable STDs?
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herpes, hepatitis, HIV, HPV
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What country has the highest rate of HIV infection?
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Africa
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What is a systemic infection?
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travels throughout the body
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where are white blood cells produced?
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bone marrow
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what are types of bacteria?
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strep & staff
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how are most colds spread?
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hand to hand contact
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what are dangerous types of viruses?
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ebola, west nile
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how do all cancers begin?
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change within a cell
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most common type of cancer with epithelial tissue?
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carcinoma
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cancer with connective/fibrous tissue?
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sarcoma
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cancer in the lymph nodes?
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lymphoma
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cancer that is blood forming?
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leukemia
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cancer of the skin?
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melanoma
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how many people are diagnosed with cancer each year?
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1.4 million
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what is the 2nd most common cancer?
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colon cancer
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when do people need to get screened for colon cancer?
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after age 50
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when should women get a dr. exam for breast cancer?
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every 3 years
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what is the most common cancer for men?
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prostate cancer
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when does the american cancer society say women should start getting mammograms?
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after age 40
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what plays a role in cervical cancer?
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HPV
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how to avoid cancer?
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avoid saturated fats, don't consume too much alcohol, don't eat fried and healthy heated foods, stay away from too much sun, microbes, stay away from radiation & pollution
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C
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Change in bowel or bladder habits
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A
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A sore that does not heal
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U
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Unusual bleeding or discharge
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T
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Thickening or lump in the breasts or elsewhere
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I
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Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
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O
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Obvious change in a wart or mole
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N
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Nagging cough or hoarseness
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