Pe Quiz 2 - Hebrews Facts

Front 1

Warning Passages in Hebrews

Back 1

1. (2:1–4) How shall we escape if we neglect such a great salvation? (v. 3).
2. (3:7–18) Do not harden your hearts. … Take care, brothers, lest there be in any of you an evil, unbelieving heart, leading you to fall away from the living God (vv. 8–13).
3. (6:4–8) For it is impossible, in the case of those who have once been enlightened … and then have fallen away, to restore them again to repentance (vv. 4–6).
4. (10:26–39) For if we go on sinning deliberately … there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins… . How much worse punishment … will be deserved … ? (vv. 26, 29).
5. (12:25–29) See that you do not refuse him who is speaking. For if they did not escape … much less will we… (v. 25).

Front 2

Hebrew’s hints at authorship

Back 2

1) Knew his recipients & longed to be reunited (13:19)
2) Friend of Timothy [likely the same Timothy who was Paul’s companion] (13:23)
3) Presumably male, since he refers to himself using a masculine participle (11:32)
4) Appears to be eyewitness of Jesus (2:1 &3)
5) Passed on the greetings of those “from Italy” (13:24)

Front 3

What can be discerned about the recipients of Hebrews?

Back 3

1) Not unfamiliar with imprisonment: “remember those who are in prison” and who are “mistreated” (13:3).
2) Shared Timothy - who had himself had just been set free as a friend with the author (13:23).
3) were commended his audience for their former endurance of persecution, compassion to those in prison, and for having “joyfully accepted the plundering of your property” (10:32–34).
5) Must have understood Hebrew’s many citations & allusions to the OT and would have shared in the writer’s frequent use of the Septuagint.

Front 4

ESVSB on the date of Hebrews

Back 4

First century & probably before a.d. 70. Reasons for asserting a first-century date:
1) Mention of Timothy (13:23), who was known to be active in the first century
2) The influence of Hebrews (and its way of thinking) on 1 Clement (written c. a.d. 96).
3) Critical arguments for a date prior to the destruction of Jerusalem”

Front 5

ESVSB Dating of Hebrews Critical Issues

Back 5

1a) speaks of the Jewish sacrificial system as though a still-present reality (7:27–28; 8:3–5; 9:7–8, 25; 10:1–3; 13:10–11)
1b) speaking this way does not seem likely after the cessation of the Jerusalem temple sacrifices in a.d. 70.
2a) Agreed that there is a focus on the Mosaic tabernacle rather than the Solomonic/Herodian) temple.
2b) However, if attempting to convince readers of the inferiority of the Mosaic system (and dissuade them from returning to Jewish practices), an obvious argument would have been to mention the cessation of the temple sacrifices, if they were in fact no longer taking place.

Front 6

ESVSB Genre of Hebrews

Back 6

Due to careful rhetorical progression & frequent practical exhortations, many say single sermon / sermonic letter.”
1) no introduction to indications letter.
2) final verses pass on greetings & blessings (13:23–25)
3) author speaks of having “written to you” (13:22).
4) author identifies work as a “word of exhortation” (13:22).

Front 7

Sustained theological argument of Hebrews

Back 7

The superiority of Christ over a number of rivals and the need to persevere in following this vastly superior Messiah.

Front 8

ESVSB Main Outline & Flow

Back 8

I. Jesus Is Superior to Angelic Beings (1:1–2:18)
Supremacy of God’s Son in (1) → Warning against neglecting salvation (2:1-4) → Christ the author of salvation (2:5-8)

II. Jesus Is Superior to the Mosaic Law (3:1–10:18)
Christ greater than Moses (3:1-6) → Warning about entering rest (3:7-4:13) → Jesus’ high priesthood (4:14-10:18)

III. A Call to Faith and Endurance (10:19–12:29)
Exhortation to draw near & warning against shrinking back (10:19-39) → “by faith…” (11) → Jesus is founder and perfecter of faith, don’t grow weary, the kingdom cannot be shaken (12:18-29)

IV. Concluding Exhortations and Remarks (13:1–25)
Offer sacrifices pleasing to God (13:1-19) → Benediction (13:20-21) → Final Greetings (13:22-25)

Front 9

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 1

Back 9

Summary of the Son’s person and work (1:1–4)
Evidence of his status as Son (1:5–14)

Front 10

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 2

Back 10

Warning against neglecting salvation (2:1–4)
Jesus The founder of salvation (2:5–18)
Ps 2, Mechizedek

Front 11

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 3

Back 11

Jesus is greater than Moses (3:1–6)
Warning: a rest for the people of God (3:7–4:13)
The failure of the exodus generation (3:7–19)

Front 12

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 4

Back 12

Entering God’s rest (4:1–13)
The high priesthood of Jesus (4:14–10:18)
Jesus the great high priest (4:14–5:10)

Front 13

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 5

Back 13

Jesus the great high priest (4:14–5:10)
Pause in the argument: warning against apostasy (5:11–6:12)

Front 14

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 6

Back 14

Pause in the argument: warning against apostasy (5:11–6:12)
The certainty of God’s promise (6:13–20)

Front 15

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 7

Back 15

Return to main argument: the priestly order of Melchizedek (7:1–10)
Jesus compared to Melchizedek (7:11–28)

Front 16

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 8

Back 16

Jesus, high priest of a better covenant (8:1–13)

Front 17

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 9

Back 17

The earthly holy place (9:1–10)
Redemption through the blood of Christ (9:11–28)

Front 18

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 10

Back 18

Christ’s sacrifice once for all (10:1–18)
Exhortation to draw near (10:19–25)
Warnings against shrinking back (10:26–39)

Front 19

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 11

Back 19

“By faith…” (11:1–40)

Front 20

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 12

Back 20

Jesus, founder and perfecter of faith (12:1–2)
Do not grow weary (12:3–17)
A kingdom that cannot be shaken (12:18–29)

Front 21

Contents of Hebrews Chapter 13

Back 21

Sacrifices pleasing to God (13:1–19)
Benediction (13:20–21)
Final greetings (13:22–25)