Pdg Chapter 2

Front 1

Aeronautical Division, US Army Signal Corps

Back 1

first US Air Arm

1 Aug. 1907 - 18 July 1914

Front 2

Aviation Section, US Army Signal Corps

Back 2

second US Air Arm

18 July 1914 - 20 May 1918

Front 3

Division of Military Aeronautics, Secretary of War

Back 3

third US Air Arm

20 May 1918 - 24 May 1918

Front 4

Army Air Service

Back 4

fourth US Air Arm

24 May 1918 - 2 July 1926

Front 5

Army Air Corps

Back 5

fifth US Air Arm
2 July 1926 - 17 Sept. 1947

Front 6

General HQ Air Force

Back 6

1 March 1935 - 1 March 1939

Front 7

US Army Air Forces

Back 7

20 June 1941 - 17 Sept. 1947

Front 8

John La Mountain

Back 8

used hot air balloon for intel gathering during Civil War

Front 9

William Ivy Baldwin

Back 9

built silk balloon that was used in Spanish-American War at the battle of San Juan Hill

Front 10

Thaddeus Lowe

Back 10

demonstrated directing artillery fire by telegraph from balloon during Civil War

Front 11

Edward Ward and Joseph Barrett

Back 11

first enlisted men assigned to the Signal Corps' small Aeronautical Division

Front 12

Captain Charles Chandler

Back 12

headed Aeronautical Division

Front 13

Dirigible No. 1

Back 13

first Army Dirigible

Front 14

Pvt Vernon Burge

Back 14

first enlisted pilot

Front 15

Lt. Thomas E. Selfridge

Back 15

first Army casualty from a plane crash on Sept 17 1908

Front 16

Lt. Benjamin D. Foulois

Back 16

first Air Force pilot, spent own paycheck to keep single government-owned plane in the air

Front 17

Privates Glenn Madole and Vernon Burge

Back 17

built wheeled landing system

Front 18

Corporal Frank Scott

Back 18

first enlisted person to die in an accident in a military aircraft (crewchief)

Front 19

US House Resolution 5304

Back 19

bill that authorized Signal Corps to establish an aviation section of 60 officers and 260 enlisted men

Front 20

March 1916, Woodrow Wilson

Back 20

ordered the 1st Aero Squadron (oldest Air Force squadron) to help apprehend Pancho Villa

Front 21

beginning of World War I, 1st Aero Squadron stats

Back 21

began with 12 officers, 54 enlisted, 6 aircraft

Front 22

first Aviation Section technical training sites (WWI)

Back 22

St. Paul, Minnesota
Kelly Field, Texas
(also trained in Great Britain and France)

Front 23

Sgt William C. Ocker

Back 23

commanded flight school in Pennsylvania
known as "Father of Blind Flight"
hand-picked by General Billy Mitchell to scout land for future airfields; one became Bolling Field, Washington D.C.

Front 24

Lafayette Escadrille

Back 24

had only black man of any nationality to serve as a pilot: Cpl Eugene Bullard

Front 25

1942, Flight Officer Act (Public Law 658)

Back 25

sergeant pilots produced by the Staff Sergeant Pilot Program automatically promoted to flight officers

Front 26

Sergeant Fred C. Graveline

Back 26

received Distinguished Flying Cross
observer and aerial gunner during WWI
15 missions from September to November 1918

Front 27

20 May 1918
President Woodrow Wilson

Back 27

issued executive order to transfer Army aviation from Signal Corps control to control of Secretary of War

Front 28

11 November 1918
signing of the Armistice

Back 28

more than 190,000 men serving in the air service
74,000 overseas

Front 29

General Billy Mitchell

Back 29

claimed his airplanes could take on the Navy's warships
twice in July 1921, sank German ships, including a battleship

Front 30

Sergeant Ulysses "Sam" Nero

Back 30

one of 12 pilots selected to try to sink decomissioned American battleships; only successful pilot

Front 31

Post WWI

Back 31

air service mounted shows for fairs, patriotic holidays
traveling air shows "circuses" included pilots flying acrobatics

Front 32

1923 enlisted pilots feat

Back 32

flying three planes in tight "V" formation while planes were tied together with cords

Front 33

Jack Harding, SFC Jerry Dobias, MSgt Albert Vierra

Back 33

air support for various long flights around the country in the 1920's

Front 34

SSgt Alva Harvey
SSgt Henry Ogden

Back 34

mecahnics on the air service's first around the the world flight

Front 35

The Lassiter Board
(General Staff officers)

Back 35

recommended to Secretary of War in 1923 to create a force of bombardment and pursuit units to carry out missions for the Army during war

Front 36

The Lampert Committee
(House of Representatives)

Back 36

proposed an air force independent of the Army and Navy; also proposed a department of defense

Front 37

The Morrow Board
(headed by Dwight D. Morrow)

Back 37

rejected idea of separate air service and department of defense; only recommended that the air arm be renamed the Air Corps, have special representation on General Staff, and that an assistant secretary of war for air affairs be appointed

Front 38

2 July 1926 Morrow Board results

Back 38

Air Corps Act enacted
5 year expansion program approved, but lack of funding delayed and allowed only modest increases

Front 39

Sergeant Ralph Bottriell

Back 39

tested first backpack style parachute

Front 40

William McDonald, John Williamson, Ray Clifton

Back 40

"Three Men on a Flying Trapeze"
the original Thunderbirds

Front 41

MSgt George Holmes

Back 41

last enlisted pilot
graduated in 1921

Front 42

WWII highest point of manpower

Back 42

more than 2 million men and women served in the Army Air Corps and GHQ Air Force

Front 43

General H.H. "Hap" Arnold

Back 43

became chief of Air Corps in 1938
chief when Army Air Forces was created in 1941

Front 44

John D. Foley "Johnny Zero"

Back 44

shot down at least one Japanese enemy aircraft on first mission
involved in destroying 6 more

Front 45

ratio of support men to airplane during WWII

Back 45

70 men for one airplane

Front 46

WAAC, WAC

Back 46

May 1942: Women's Army Auxiliary Corps created
1943: changed to Women's Army Corps

Front 47

Sgt Sandy Sanchez

Back 47

-flew 44 missions as a gunner
-one of the most decorated enlisted Airmen
-died in plane crash after getting hit by ground fire in 1945 during raid on Nazi oil refinery

Front 48

SSgt James Nichols

Back 48

1944: landed on a beach and rescued US Rangers from behind enemy lines
-also tried to rescue downed pilot in separate incident in New Guinea, but damaged his own aircraft and had to walk out

Front 49

TSgt Paul Airey

Back 49

POW for 10 months before being liberated in 1945
-received first AF POW medal
*1967: First CMSAF

Front 50

Tuskegee Airmen

Back 50

all black Army Air Force unit formed in 1942
integrated in 1947

Front 51

6 August 1945 Enola Gay

Back 51

dropped first nuclear bomb on Hiroshima

Front 52

9 August 1945 Bock's Car

Back 52

dropped second nuclear bomb on Nagasaki

Front 53

1
Sgt Maynard H. Smith
Medal of Honor

Back 53

May 1943: put out intense fires in plane that resulted from enemy attack while administering first aid and manning the guns

Front 54

2
TSgt Forrest L. Vosler
Medal of Honor

Back 54

December 1943: while seriously wounded, took over for tail gunner in B-17, repaired damaged radio by touch to send out distress call

Front 55

3
SSgt Archibald Mathies
Medal of Honor

Back 55

February 1944: refused to abandon unconscious pilot in dying aircraft, died in attempt to land the plane

Front 56

4
SSgt Henry E. Erwin
Medal of Honor

Back 56

April 1945: flare prematurely ignited while in the air, Erwin badly burned himself getting it out of the aircraft to save the others onboard

Front 57

5
A1C John Levitow
Medal of Honor

Back 57

February 1969: suffering from 40 shrapnel wounds, Levitow fell on an armed flare and heaved out of a flying aircraft

Front 58

6
A1C William Pitsenbarger
Medal of Honor

Back 58

April 1966: severely endangered himself organizing and treating casaulties, refused to evacuate and instead took up arms under heavy fire all the while treating the wounded until he himself was fatally wounded

Front 59

Esther Blake

Back 59

July 1948: first woman to officially enlist in the US Air Force

Front 60

26 July 1947
National Security Act

Back 60

established the Department of the Air Force and the United States Air Force

Front 61

W. Stuart Symington

Back 61

1947: first Secretary of the Air Force

Front 62

General Carl A. Spaatz

Back 62

1947: first Air Force Chief of Staff

Front 63

1945: Big Three meeting for postwar division of Europe

Back 63

Winston Churchill
Josef Stalin
Franklin Roosevelt
did not go well, but was the foundation for the United Nations

Front 64

Berlin Airlift

Back 64

1948-1949
supplies flown into Berlin after Soviet blockade; led by Major General William Tunner

Front 65

SSgt Nyle S. Mickley

Back 65

B-26 gunner who shot down the first North Korean YaK-3 in the Korean war (1950-1953)

Front 66

Corporal Harry LaVene

Back 66

1950: gunner who downed the first MiG-15 from a B-29

Front 67

Sgt Billie Beach

Back 67

1951: B-29 tail gunner who shot down 2 MiGs in one day; a feat unmatched by any other gunner

Front 68

MSgt LeRoy Henderson

Back 68

invented new technique to replace hinge pins on the F-84: reduced 20 hour job to 2 hours

Front 69

1962: Soviet Union activities in Cuba

Back 69

SAC U-2 aircraft took high altitude pictures of Soviets and Cubans building ICBM complexes in Cuba

Front 70

Operation Ranch Hand

Back 70

1962: crews sprayed herbicides into the jungles to remove hiding places for the enemy

Front 71

SSgt Milo B. Coghill

Back 71

1962: C-123 crashed, Coghill became first Air Force enlisted causalty in Vietnam

Front 72

SSgt Samuel Turner

Back 72

1972: shot down enemy MiG, the first of only two confirmed enlisted shoot downs in Vietnam

Front 73

A1C Albert E. Moore

Back 73

Linebacker II, Vietnam: shot down enemby MiG, the second of only two confirmed enlisted shoot downs

Front 74

SSgt Parnell Fisher

Back 74

1966: earned Silver Star after saving crew from prematurely exploded flare

Front 75

SSgt William Piazza

Back 75

1968: earned Silver Star for defending Bien Hoa during North Vietnamese Tet Offensive

Front 76

Sergeant Steve Northern

Back 76

pararescueman credited with 51 combat rescues--most in US Air Force history

Front 77

CMSgt Richard Etchberger

Back 77

March 1968: earned posthumous Air Force Cross; defended comrades, called in air strikes, rescued 3 other Airmen under enemy fire that fatally wounded him
-case remained classified for 17 years

Front 78

CMSgt Wayne Fisk

Back 78

1975: involved in rescue of POWs in Son Tay camp, earned his second Silver Star

Front 79

Humanitarian airlifts before 1947

Back 79

1919: food to victims of Rio Grande flood
1923: ice jam bombed in Maryland, food dropped to stranded people on Lake Michigan island
1939: medical supplies to earthquake victims in Chile
1943: vaccine to escort destroyer
1944: food to starving French
1945: Operation Chowhound--food to the Netherlands

Front 80

Operation Safe Haven I and II

Back 80

1956,57: 10,000 Hungarian refugees airlifted to US

Front 81

Amigos Airlift

Back 81

1960: earthquake relief in southern Chile, 1,000 tons of material

Front 82

Operations: Babylift, New Life, Frequent Wind, New Arrivals

Back 82

1975: largest aerial evacuation in history--South Vietnam

Front 83

Operation Urgent Fury

Back 83

1983: Grenada
military intervention to rescue US citizens on the island after a military coup

Front 84

El Dorado Canyon operation

Back 84

1986: Libya
Ronald Reagan--retaliatory strikes after disco bombing in German was tied to Libyan terrorists (Qadhafi)

Front 85

Operation Just Cause

Back 85

1989: Panama
large scale invasion to bring Manuel Noriega to justice and to stop brutal repression of his people

Front 86

Operations: Desert Shield, Desert Storm

Back 86

1990-1991: Kuwait and Iraq
kicking Saddam Hussein out of Kuwait after he invaded

Front 87

Operations: Provide Comfort, Northern Watch

Back 87

1991-2003: airlifting relief and keeping an eye on Iraqi Kurds after Saddam Hussein repressed an uprising with a brutal chemical attack

Front 88

Operation Southern Watch

Back 88

1992-2003: Iraq
a no-fly zone to keep the Shi'ite Muslims safe from aerial attack by their own people

Front 89

Operations: Provide Relief, Impressive Lift, Restore Hope

Back 89

1992-1994: Somalia
relief supplies for victims of civil war and famine, attempts to control the situation and bring stability

Front 90

Timothy A. Wilkinson

Back 90

1993: Somalia
(Black Hawk Down) Pararescueman who aided and rescued crewmembers of downed helo during intense combat situation: earned Air Force Cross

Front 91

Operation Uphold Democracy

Back 91

1994: Haiti
military invasion switched to multinational peacekeeping force at the last minute

Front 92

Operation Provide Promise

Back 92

1992-1996: Sarajevo and Bosnia
supplies airlifted to newly independent Bosnia

Front 93

Operation Deny Flight

Back 93

1993-1995: Bosnia
airstrikes to limit war in Bosnia
Operation Deliberate Force: precision munitions outweighed conventional bombs

Front 94

Operation Allied Force

Back 94

1999: Kosovo
airstrikes to prevent ethnic cleansing of Albanian population

Front 95

Operation Noble Eagle

Back 95

Sept 11th, 2001: United States
patrols flown after attacks on World Trade Center

Front 96

Operation Enduring Freedom

Back 96

attacks on Afghanistan and the Taliban after the World Trade Center was attacked

Front 97

SrA Jason D. Cunningham

Back 97

awarded Air Force Cross posthumously for saving 10 people in Afghanistan during Operation Anaconda

Front 98

TSgt John A. Chapman

Back 98

awarded Air Force Cross posthumously after saving entire rescue team during intense firefight in Afghanistan

Front 99

Operation Iraqi Freedom

Back 99

2003-present: American-led coalition invasion and takeover of Iraq to oust Saddam Hussein

Front 100

SSgt Scott Sather

Back 100

first Airman killed in OIF (combat controller)