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61 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Anisocoria
Pupil inequality- this is normal 20% of pupil < 0.5 mm
got it?
look at eye cross section
Go it?
Outside eye anatomy
got it?
Cross section of eye
posterior chamber to anterior chamber out the canal of schlemm
circulating fluid
small depression in the retinal surface marking point of central vision- fovea is the dark area around this.
Macula surrounds the fovea
Fundus
Addie's pupil
Diagnosis
Dacryocystitis
Diagnosis
Ectropic
Diagnosis
Entropion
Diagnosis
Episcleritis
Diagnosis
Hordeolum
Diagnosis
pinguecula
Diagnosis
Astigmatism
Front surface of cornea is curve more in one direction than in the other.
What is legally blind?
20/200
What is another term for an opacity of the lens?
cataracts
Asymmetry of color of the iris?
Heterochromia
What is anaridia?
No iris
What congenital disorder is associated with anaridia?
Wilm’s tumor
What is Adie’s pupil?
A large and unilateral pupil. Severely reduced or absent reaction to light. Near reaction is present although very slowed. Accommodation as well as deep tendon reflex are slowed
Occulomotor nerve Palsy (CNIII)
Dilated pupil is fixed to light and near effort. Ptosis of the upper eyelid and lateral deviation of the eye.
Horner’s syndrome
Affected pupil is small, but reacts briskly to light and near effort. Ptosis of the eyelid and loss of sweating on the fore
What is Argyll Robertson pupils
Small, irregula pupils do not react to light but do react to near effort.
In funduscopic exam how would papilledema present?
Indistinct. Blurred edges of the optic disk. Indicative of ICP
hordeolum
Painful, tender infection in gland at the margin of the eyelid. Points on the lid margin
Chalazion
Subacute nintender nodule involving a mebomian gland. Points inside lid rather than margin
Ectopion
Margin of thelid is turned outward exposing the palpebral conjuctiva. Elderly. Dry eye
Entopium
Inward turning of lid. Eyelashed may turn in and irritate the eye. Common in the elderly
Dacryocystitis
Inflammation of the lacrimal sac causes swelling between the lower lid and the nose. Prominent tearing.
Xanthelasma
Slightly raised yellowish, well circumscribed plaques in the skin appear along nasal portions of eyelids. Can be congused with warts
Periorbital edema
Fluid accumulated because the skin of the eyelids is loosely attached
Episcleritis
Localized ocular redness form inflammation of the episcleral vessels. Benign and self limited
Pinguecula
Yeloowish triangular nodule in the bulbar conjuctiva on either side of the iris, occurs with aging. harmless
Where is the bulbar conjuctiva?
Convers anterior eyeball and meets cornea at the limbus
What is the palpebral conjuctiva
Lines the eyelids
What are the names of the glands that produce tear fluid?
Lacrimal glands, meibomian and conjuctival glands
What is the purpose of tear fluid?
Protects conjuctiva and cornea from drying, inhibits microbial growth and gives a smooth optical surface to the cornea
What is the path of internal fluid in the eye?
Posterior chamber through anterior chamber and out the canal of schlemm
What is open angle glaucoma
Drain of fluid from anterior chamber is too slow, even though angle is open
What is the risks of untreated glaucoma?
Increase pressure in the anterior chamber can lead to blindness.
What occurs in closed angle glaucoma?
Fluid at the front of the eye cannot reach the angle and leave the eye, because of block by iris. There is a sudden increase in pressure, symptoms include severe pain nausea, red eye, blurred vision.
Congenital glaucoma
Children are born with eye defect in the angle. Cloudy eyes, excessive tearing. Surgery is recomemded.
What us pigmentary glaucoma?
Secondary glaucoma, pigment in iris flackes off and blocks the canal.
Miosis
Papillary constriction. Miotic pupils fail to dilate- think sympathetic problem
Mydriasis
Papillary dilation >6mm
What should you think if pupils of diff, size greater difference in light
Big one cant shrink think open angle glaucoma, tonic pupil, parasympathetic
What should you think if pupils of diff, size greater difference in dim light
Small one cant dilate properly think sympathetic problem
What is amblyopia?
Caused by stimulus deprivation in critical window of development. Can lead to permanent blindness
Key point in children vision: birth
Awareness of light and dark
Key point in children vision: 2-4 weeks
Transitory fixation, monocular
Key point in children vision: 12 weeks
Convergence improving, beggin depth perception, color vision emerging
Key point in children vision: 28 weeks
Bonocular fixation established
Key point in children vision: 40 weeks
20/2000
Key point in children vision: 52 weeks
20/180
Key point in children vision: 18 mos.
Convergence well established. Localization in distance still very crude (runs into things)
Key point in children vision: 24 mos
Accommodation well developed vision 20/40
Key point in children vision: 6 year
Vision 20/20
Myopia
Nearsighted. Impaired far vision
Hyperopia
Farsighted. Impain near vision often found in older people