Pd Block2

Front 1

Most common malignancy of the endocrine system

Back 1

Thyroid Cancer

Front 2

Differentiated tumors vs Undifferentiated tumors ...which is curable?

Back 2

differentiated

Front 3

Risks of getting Thyroid Cancer

Back 3

-Ionizing radiation (esp in Children)
-TSH and Growth Factors
-Oncogenes and tumor suppression genes

Front 4

In the US Thyroid Cancer is more prevalent in what states

Back 4

NV
UT
ID
WY
MT

Front 5

Thyroid Cancer occurs ___ yrs after radiation exposure
but the peak time is ___ yrs

Back 5

10-40
peak- 20-25

Front 6

Benign Thyroid Tumors

Back 6

Macrofollicular
Normofollicular
Microfollicular
Trabecular
Hurtle Cell variant

Front 7

Av yearly exposure of radiation

Back 7

.1 rads

Front 8

Av chest Xray exposure

Back 8

.007 rads

Front 9

cross country airline flight exposure

Back 9

.005 rads

Front 10

Thyroid scan exposure

Back 10

0.4- 2.0rads (I127)

Front 11

Thyroid Ablation exposure

Back 11

100 rads + (I131)

Front 12

what are the 3 types of radiation exposure

Back 12

External
Contamination
Incorporation

Front 13

Dose of Radiation is measured in

Back 13

Ci
Bq

Front 14

Exposure is measured in

Back 14

R (roentgen)
C/kg (Coulomb/kilogram)

Front 15

Thyroid Carinoma Signs and Symptoms

Back 15

-Palpable, firm, nontender nodule
-Dysphagoa
-Hoarseness
-Lymphadenopathy
-Endocrine side effects

Front 16

Most common posterior nose bleed site

Back 16

sphenopalatine

Front 17

Most common site of nosebleeds

Back 17

Kiesselbacks triangle

Front 18

serous drainage from the nose

Back 18

Rhinorrhea

Front 19

elicit pain when palpating and percussion the sinus secondary to increase pressure with a

Back 19

infected sinus

Front 20

Lack of illumination indicates

Back 20

maxillary clouding from infection

Front 21

1st structure visible in the nares when you look in

Back 21

inferior turbinate

Front 22

pressing on the Tragus produces pain in

Back 22

external otitis and sometimes otitis media

Front 23

Grade 1 microtia

Back 23

mild to moderate deformity of the external ear with patent auditory canal

Front 24

Evaluation of the Tympanic Membrane what do you do to straighten EAC

Back 24

pencil grip with stabilizing finger, pulling superior and posterior to straighten EAC

Front 25

what is the major visible bone behind the tympanum

Back 25

Malleus

Front 26

What does a normal tympanic membrane look like when you look inside

Back 26

Pink-gray intact membrane with the handle of the malleus, umbo, and cone of light visualized

Front 27

Cone of light and Malleus point

Back 27

anteriorly

Front 28

Serous Otitis Media (what do you see in the ear)

Back 28

Retraction of TM with air fluid levels and interrupted cone of light

Front 29

What results from untreated Otitis Media

Back 29

Mastoiditis

Front 30

Used for multiple Otitis Media Infections for drainage

Back 30

Tympanostomy Tubes

Front 31

Air Conduction is ____ as long as bone

Back 31

twice as long

Front 32

In Webers test sound is lateralized to bad ear with ______ hearing loss

Back 32

conductive

Front 33

In Webers test sound is lateralized to good ear with ______hearing loss

Back 33

sensorineural

Front 34

Rinne Test

Back 34

When bone conduction sound ceases, the tuning fork is placed PERPENDICULAR to the ear and sound should be restored 2x as long as bone conduction

Front 35

Postive Rinne

Back 35

air conduction heard longer than bone

Front 36

what is the best measure of overall health?

Back 36

growth assessment

Front 37

growth abnormalities can be

Back 37

1st sign of chronic illness

Front 38

failure to thrive is a common symptom of

Back 38

child maltreatment

Front 39

growth parameters:
Height-
Weight-
HeadCircumference in infants-

Back 39

height- cm
weight- kg
head- cm

Front 40

proper measurement of height/length

Back 40

supine until able to stand reliably
(hips neutral, knees extended and akles in neutral)

Front 41

midparental height

Back 41

average parents height
- add 6 for boys
- subtract 6 for girls

Front 42

constitutional short stature

Back 42

-tracks below but parallel to 5th parcentile line
-weight tracks similarly
- head circumference normal (usu, betwn 5th and 50th percent)

Front 43

Nutritional failure to thrive

Back 43

"falls off" growth chart
typically weight most affected then height
(head circum. preserved unless extreme)

Front 44

what are the 4 scales in the denver II?

Back 44

1. personal -social
2. Fine motor-adaptive
3. Language
4. Gross Motor

Front 45

apgar score
5 min < 4

Back 45

sig. risk of neonatal death

Front 46

agar score 5min< 7

Back 46

high risk of neurologic impairment

Front 47

Apgar measures

Back 47

1.HR
2.Respiratory effect
3.muscle tone
4.reflex irritability(crying response)
5.Color

Front 48

2nd most important measure of pediatric aptitude

Back 48

Otoscopy

Front 49

1st most important measure of pediatric aptitude

Back 49

communication

Front 50

Barlow Maneuver

Back 50

(legs go together)
- assesses for dilocatable or subluxable hip
- an attempt to push the femoral head out of the acetabulum

Front 51

Ortolani Maneuver

Back 51

(legs go out)
-assesses for an already dislocated hip
- an attempt to reduce the femoral head back into the acetabulum

Front 52

Blinking (dazzle) reflex

Back 52

eyelids close in response to bright light
(stop after 1yr)

Front 53

Acoustic blink reflex

Back 53

eyes blink in response to loud noise

Front 54

palmar grasp

Back 54

grasps of examiner's finger placed in palm
-can facilitated by suck
-integrated at 3-4 months

Front 55

Rooting reflex

Back 55

disappears at 4months
may persist during sleep
(touch cheek and then they turn over towards that stimuli and open there mouth)

Front 56

Asymmetric tonic neck (Fencing) reflex

Back 56

appears 0-2M stops about 6M
protects them from rolling over

Front 57

Moro (Startle) Reflex

Back 57

persistience after 4months is concering
after 6months always neurological disease
-arms go out when you do a drop motion

Front 58

Adolescence from ages?

Back 58

10-20

Front 59

early adolescence

Back 59

10-13

Front 60

middle adolescence

Back 60

14-16

Front 61

late adolescence

Back 61

17-20

Front 62

cognitive changes

Back 62

- increase in complexity of thought processes
- ability to consider the abstract and then apply it to specific descisions that may have far-reaching effects

Front 63

HEADS exam

Back 63

Home, habits
Education, employment, exsc
Accidents,ambition,activities, abuse
Drugs, diet, depression
Sex, suicide

Front 64

Leading cause of death in ages 15-24 is

Back 64

accidents
(32%- MVA)

Front 65

transgender

Back 65

whose gender identity doesnt fit clearly into one of the traditional categories or who feel their physiological gender at birth doesnt match their gender identity

Front 66

Tanner staging 2 sets of rating per gender for pubertal development
Female-
Male-

Back 66

female- breast and pubic hair
male- genital and pubic hair

Front 67

stage 1 of tanner for male and female

Back 67

preadolescent

Front 68

Female tanner stage 2

Back 68

Pubic hair- sparse, light pigmented, stright, medial boarder of labia

Breast- breast and papilla elevated as small mound, diameter of areola inreased

Front 69

female tanner stage 3

Back 69

Hair- darker, begin to curl, increase

Breast- breast and areloa enlarged, no contour separation

Front 70

female tanner stage 4

Back 70

hair- coarse, curly, abundant but less than adult

breast- areola and papilla form secondary mound

Front 71

female tanner stage 5

Back 71

hair- female triangle

breast- mature, nipple projects, areola part of general breat contour

Front 72

Precocious puberty

Back 72

develope early
8yrs for female
9yrs for male

Front 73

Delayed puberty

Back 73

failure to undergo thelarche by age 14

Front 74

primary amenorrhea in delayed puberty

Back 74

failure to menstrate by age 16 or failure to spontanously within 2 yrs of thelarche

Front 75

clearance from sports is relative to

Back 75

cardio stress
contact risk