Pcol Test 3 Sympathomimetics Part 3 Drugs

Front 1

what does NE do to systolic and diastolic pressure

Back 1

increases them both

Front 2

what receptors does Epinephrine activate

Back 2

alphas
betas

more selective for B2

Front 3

what receptors does NE work at

Back 3

alpha 1
alpha 2
beta 1

Front 4

what receptors does isoproterenol bind to

Back 4

betas

NO ALPHA ACTIVITY

Front 5

what happens when you inject phenylephrine

Back 5

MAP increases
SNS activity decreases
PSNS activity increases
HR drops due to reflex

Front 6

what Rc does phenylephrine act at

Back 6

alphas only

Front 7

what happens when you inject histamine

Back 7

MAP decreases
SNS increases
PSNS decreases
HR increases due to reflex

Front 8

what does histamine do to the vessels

Back 8

vasodilates

Front 9

what happens when Norepinephrine is injected

Back 9

peripheral resistance increases
MAP increases
Pulse rate decreases due to reflex

Front 10

what Rc are involved i systolic and where is it located

Back 10

B1, B2 in the heart

Front 11

what Rc are involved in diastolic and where is it located

Back 11

B2, alpha 1, alpha 2 in the vessels

Front 12

what happens when you inject epinephrine

Back 12

decrease in peripheral resistance
no change in MAP
increase in pulse rate

Front 13

what does epinephrine do to systolic and diastolic

Back 13

systolic increases
diastolic decreases

they increase and decrease but not enough to change MAP

Front 14

what happens we isoproterenol is injected

Back 14

peripheral resistance drops
MAP drops a little
pulse rate inreases a little

Front 15

injection of what drugs will cause a reflex

Back 15

norepinephrine

a reflex will be seen w/ isoproterenol depending on how much the diastolic pressure decreases

Front 16

what does isoproterenol do to systolic and diastolic pressure

Back 16

increases systolic
decreases diastolic

Front 17

with Epi vs Iso what are the differences in

PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE
MAP
HR

Back 17

PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE - only Epi can increase peripheral resistance since Iso has no alpha activity

MAP - Iso effects MAP more since its diastolic drops more

HR - it will increase for both due to the action of B receptors

Front 18

what Rc causes bronchodilation

Back 18

B2

Front 19

what are all the alpha adrenoceptors

Back 19

metaraminol
phenylephrine
clonidine
imidazoline
midrone

Front 20

what are the properties of Clonidine

Back 20

alpha 2 agonist
used to treat hypertension

binds to alpha 2 and inhibits NE release and thereby increases vagal tone

Front 21

why can imidazolines (clonidine) not be quit abruptly

Back 21

rebound hypertension

because the nerve will place many Rc so it can be readily stimulated by NE so once we remove that inhibition NE will stimulate the nerve

Front 22

what does excess amounts of Imidazolines do

Back 22

cause centrally mediated hypertension

Front 23

what are the properties of Imidazolines

Back 23

bind to alpha Rc
topical decongestant (constricts blood flow in nasal mucosa and salera (eyes))

Front 24

what are the properties of Midodrine

Back 24

prodrug
alpha agonist
used to treat postural hypertension
not given before bed time or when supine

Front 25

what does midodrine get hydrolyzed to

Back 25

desglymidodrine

Front 26

what are the properties of metaraminol

Back 26

activates alpha adrenoceptors
treats hypotension
may be used in cardiogenic shock or shock that accompanies sepsis

Front 27

rebound hypertension is similar to what

Back 27

denervated nerves

Front 28

what other Rc does clonidine act at

Back 28

imidazoline

Front 29

what are other uses for clonidine

Back 29

opiate withdraw
analgesia

Front 30

what are apraclonidine and brimonidine used for

Back 30

topicals
used to decrease intraocular pressure
decrease production of aqueuous humor (alpha 2)
increase flow @ canal of schlem

Front 31

what drug is preferred for hypertension associated w/ pregnancy

Back 31

methyldopa

Front 32

what Rc are involved in decongestants

Back 32

alpha 1 - post capillary venules, mucus

alpha 2 - pre arterioles, mucus

Front 33

what Rc does Isoproterenol bind to

Back 33

Betas only

Front 34

why is isoproterenol not used to treat asthma

Back 34

since it is non-selective it will activate Beta Rc in the heart as well

Front 35

why aren't direct Beta agonist used for cardiovascular issues

Back 35

because they decrease resistance via B2

Front 36

what is used to treat asthma

Back 36

beta 2 selective agonist, since there are less B2 Rc in the heart therefore it will ave less cardiac ativity

Front 37

what is dobutamine used to treat and what does it do to the heart

Back 37

treats heart failure
increases cardiac contractility with less effect on rate and BP therefore we squeeze harder but not faster

Front 38

what Rc dose dobutamine work at

Back 38

B1 agonist
Alpha 1 antagonist and agonist

Front 39

what is Dopamie binding to at certain concentrations

Back 39

lower [] acts on D1 causing vasodilation

as [] increases see activity at B1

at even higher [] acts on alpha 1

Front 40

what Rc can Dopamine act on

Back 40

D1
B1
alpha 1

Front 41

can dopamine increase contractility and rate of the heart

Back 41

yes via B1

Front 42

do you want to use long term prophylactic agents w/o prostaglandin

Back 42

no b/c GC mitigate some of the worse activities of long acting agents

Front 43

what are long term prophylactics always delivered with

Back 43

glucocorticoids

Front 44

what does glucorticoids do when given w/ long term prophlactics

Back 44

inhibit PLA2 which generates leukotrienes and prostaglandins
suppress migration of cells therefore less cytokine release