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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ethosuximide
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Absence seizures; photophobia & hiccups
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Phenytoin
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Tonic clonic & partial seizures
Pseudo zero-order metabolism |
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Carbamazepine
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T-C & CP
Classic; few side effects |
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Phenobarbital
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T-C & CP
Classic; sedating |
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Primidone
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T-C & CP
Phenobarbital prodrug |
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Valproate
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Broad spectrum of seizures + bipolar disorder
Exact MOA unknown; NA+-channel blockers? Side effects: bruising, bleeding, hair loss |
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Clonazepam
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Seizures
First benzo; sedative |
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Clobazam
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Seizures
Sedative, maybe not as bad |
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Vigabatrin
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Seizures
Tunnel vision, loss of visual acuity |
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Gabapentin
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Not GABAergic
Good add-on |
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Lamotrigine
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Seizures
Rare life-threatening rash |
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Levitiracetam
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Seizures
Raises thresholds only slightly; not picked up by animal model screens |
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Oxcarbazepine
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Seizures
Carbamazepine sibling with fewer side effects |
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Topiramate
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Seizures
Sedating, weight loss |
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Zonisamide
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Seizures
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Felbamate
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Seizures
Not approved in Canada |
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Pregabalin
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Seizures
Neuropathic pain |
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Diazepam, lorazepam
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Status epilepticus & anxiety
Potentiate GABAergic inhibition |
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Buspirone
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GAD
Partial agonist at 5HT1A Presynaptic inhibtion of 5HT release Postsynaptic encouragement of K+ efflux |
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Zolpidem, zopiclone, zaleplone
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Insomnia
Binds BZD site on GABA-R |
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Gaboxadol
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Insomnia
Agonist at extrasynaptic GABA-A |
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Ramelteon
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Insomia
MT1 (melatonin) agonist |
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Amitryptiline, imipramine
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MDD
Tricyclic 5HT & NE reuptake inhibitor |
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Moclobamide, phenelzine
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MAOIs
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Fluoxetine
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MDD
5HT reuptake inhibitor Inhibit 2D6 & 3A4 |
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Venlafaxine
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5HT, NE reuptake inhibitor
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Lithium
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Bipolar
Inhibit signal transduction & 2nd messenger systems |
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Amoxapine
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MDD
Dibenzoxazepine derivative |
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Maprotiline
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MDD
Tetracyclic NE reuptake inhibitor, weak 5HT reuptake inhibitor & anticholinergic |
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Bupropion
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MDD, SAD
Weak NE/DA reuptake inhibitor Used in elderly & SSRI-resistant patients Inhibits 2D6 |
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Metocloperamide
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Migraines
DA antagonist to prevent N/V |
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Nonspecific migraine medications
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NSAIDs, antihistamines, opiates
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Lidocaine
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Migraines
Nasal drops (inconvenient) |
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Ergotamine
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Migraines
5HT partial agonist (presynaptic block of 5HT-1B/D & 5HT-2) |
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Sumatriptan
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Migraines
5HT-1B/D agonist (vasoconstriction, inhibiting release of neurogenic peptides) |
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Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine
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AD
Cholinesterase inhibitors |
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Memantine
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AD
Competitive NMDA antagonist |
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Other AD/cognitive enhancers
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Gingko biloba
Vitamin E Caffeine |
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Tetrabenzamine
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Huntington's
DA depletor |
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Amantadine
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Huntington's (motor)
DA antagonist |
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Sulpride
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Huntington's (motor)
DA antagonist |
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L-dopa
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Huntington's (rigidity), Parkinson's
DA precursor |
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Modafinil
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Huntington's (cognitive)
NE, DA stimulant |
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Other Huntington's drugs
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ChEIs, SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, valproate, coenzyme Q, riluzole, creatine, minocycline, lax 101
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Cardidopa
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Peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitor
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Benserazide
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Parkinson's
Peripheral dopa decarboxylase |
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alpha-methyltyrosine
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Precipitate Parkinson's (research)
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Deprenyl/selegiline
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Parkinson's
MAO-I, prevent GAPDH nitrosylation & nuclear protein degradation |
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MDMA
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Parkinson's
Enhance L-dopa activity |
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Metrazole, mikelthimide
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Alcohol OD
Stimulants (analeptics) - physiological antagonism |
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RO 15-4513
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Alcohol OD
BZD reverse agonist (produce anxiety) |
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Disulfiram
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Alcoholism
Alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor |
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Acamprosate
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Alcoholism
Glutamate receptor modulator |
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Etorphine
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Pain (opioid)
Very strong |
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Codeine
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Pain
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Dihydrocodone
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Pain
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Fentanyl
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Pain & neuroleptanalgesia
80x more potent than morphine |
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Hydromorphone/hydrocodone
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Pain, cough
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Meperidine
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Pain
Muscarinic effects |
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Oxycodone
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Pain
Long-acting |
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Pentazocine
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Pain
Kappa agonist, mu antagonist |
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Buprenorphine
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Pain
Partial opiate agonist |
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Nalmefone
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Opiate OD
Antagonist |
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Naloxone
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Opiate/alcohol OD
Antagonist |
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Naltrexone
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Alcoholism
Opiate antagonist |
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SPA
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Gold standard reward drug (research)
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Haloperidol
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Schizophrenia
DAR antagonist |
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Chlorpromazine
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Schizophrenia
DAR antagonist |
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Clozapine
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Schizophrenia
DAR antagonist + other NT effects |
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Olanzapine
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Schizophrenia
DAR antagonist + other NT effects |
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Risperidone
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Schizophrenia
DAR antagonist + other NT effects |
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Quetiapine
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Schizophrenia
DAR antagonist + other NT effects |
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Ziprasidone
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Schizophrenia
DAR antagonist + other NT effects |
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Aripiprazole
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Schizophrenia
DA/5HT stabilizer (Ant mesolimbic, 5HT2; Ag mesocortical, 5HT1) |
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Spironolactone
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Hyperaldosteronism, hypertension, edema
MR competitive antagonist |
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Hydrocortisone
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Cortisol replacement
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Prednisolone
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Cortisol replacement
Separated GC, MC activity |
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Fludrocortisone
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High MC activity
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Dexamethasone, betamethasone, triamcinolone
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GC replacement, including life-threatening inflammation
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Cortisone, prednisone
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Cortisol replacement (back-converted from ketone; cheaper)
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Ketoconazole
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Hypercortisolism
Inhibit P17A (synthesis) |
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Metyrapone
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Hypercortisolism
Inhibit 11beta-hydroxylase (synthesis) |
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Mitotane
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Adrenocortical carcinoma
Cytotoxic |
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Levothyroxine sodium
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TH replacement
T4 |
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Liothyronin
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TH replacement
T3 |
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Thionamids
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Hyperthyroidism
Inhibit peroxidase |
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Radioactive sodium iodide
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Hyperthyroidism
Local emission of beta particles |
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17beta-estradiol
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HRT
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Premarin
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HRT; low potency
Sulfonated |
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Ethinyl estradiol
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PO contraceptives
17alpha-alkyl estrogens high potency |
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Medroxyprogesterone acetate
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HRT
Protective for endothelium (progesterone) |
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Norethindrone, norgesterl, desorgestrel
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HRT
17-alkyl-19-nor-testosterones |
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Clomiphene
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Fertility
Promotes FSH, LH release (multiple follicles mature) |
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Tamoxifen
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Breast cancer
SERM |
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Anastrazole, letrozole
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Breast, uterine cancers
Competitive inhibition of aromatase |
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Exemestane
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Breast, uterine cancer
Steroidal non-competitive aromatase inhibition |
