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127 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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how many exceptions did I have that were ruled more than semantic but not out of accord?
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4
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in summary, what were my exceptions?
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"Psalter
Sabbath images state church" |
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For the Psalter, which standard(s) does it relate to?
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WCF 21.5
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For the Sabbath, which standard(s) does it relate to?
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WCF 21.7,8, WSC 57-62, WLC 115-121
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For images, which standard(s) does it relate to?
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WLC 107-109
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For the idea of a state church, which standard(s) does it relate to?
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WLC 191
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My justification for my position on the Psalter?
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"-even uninspired hymns have biblical warrant
-but scripture songs are helpful" |
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My justification for my position on Sabbath?
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"-no prohibition in scripture against recreation
-but first priority is to worship, mercy & justice" |
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My justification for my position on images?
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"-still an issue in animism & syncretistic Christianity
-but not convinced scripture forbids all (cf. stained glass or nativity)" |
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My justification for my position on a state church?
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"-dif church / state relationship in our country
-yes, magstrate toward godliness, but not a particular relgion" |
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What were the "sola's" of the Reformation?
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"Sola Scriptura (Scripture alone),
Sola Fides (Faith alone), Sola Gratia (Grace alone), Sola Christos (Christ alone), Soli Deo Gloria (Only to the Glory of God)" |
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What are the historical origins of the Methodist Churches?
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"Began in Oxford University as a movement within the Church of England
expanded under the leadership of Charles and John Wesley" |
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What are the distinctives of the Methodist Churches?
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"ministry to the poor and disadvantaged
expressing its faith in compassion for human condition" |
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What are the historical origins of the Pentecostal Churches?
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1901 Miss Agnes Ozman, a Bethel Bible College student, spoke in tongues after principal Charles Partham laid hands on her and prayed for her to receive the power of the Spirit.
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What are the distinctives of the Pentecostal Churches?
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"Seeking to receive the gift of tongues is regarded as a sign of baptism of the Holy Spirit, itself a requisite for full discipleship.
Other gifts are sought as well: healing, love, joy, answers to prayer, etc." |
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What are the historical origins of the Episcopal Churches?
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"-in America as an extension of the Church of England.
-During the American Revolution a great controversy arose over prayers for the monarchy in the liturgy, so after the revolution it severed ties with the Church of England and became its own denomina" |
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What are the distinctives of the Episcopal Churches?
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"-Acknowledges no central authority
-though maintains a hierarchy of bishops -relies totally on traditional liturgical worship -while not defining the exact nature of the communion element (regarded as a mystery)." |
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What are the historical origins of the Presbyterian Churches?
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Dating back to John Knox in 1560 and the Scots Confession becoming the expression of government assigned by the Westminster Assembly in the Form of Government
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What are the distinctives of the Presbyterian Churches?
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"-Offices of Teaching Elder and Ruling Elder.
-Usually hold to the WCF, -Spiritual presence in the elements (Calvin)," |
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What are the historical origins of the Baptist Churches?
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"-A third-generation Reformation development that appeared in England about 1610 wanting to take Protestantism to its logical conclusion
-Convinced that Puritanism needed to still be reformed." |
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What are the distinctives of the Baptist Churches?
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"-Believe only self-professed believers are eligible for admission to the church.
-Practice believer-baptism -evangelistic, missions and biblically minded" |
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What are the historical origins of the Orthodox Churches?
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1056 schism between East and West (Bishop of Constantinople vs. Bishop of Rome)
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What are the distinctives of the Orthodox Churches?
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"-icons
-7 Ecumenical Councils -don't hold to the Pope, -ornate to use all senses in worship" |
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What are the historical origins of the Mennonite Churches?
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"-Dating from 1520’s in central Europe
-take name from Menno Simmons who led them in a pursuit of biblical living" |
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What are the distinctives of the Mennonite Churches?
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"-No common doctrine
-rejection of infant baptism -real presence at the Lord's supper -pacifist -no oaths -complete separation of church and state" |
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What are the historical origins of the Lutheran Churches?
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"-Germany
-Martin Luther -1517 October 31 commonly the beginning of the reformation -1521 Diet of Worms which lead to Luther's excommunication" |
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What are the distinctives of the Lutheran Churches?
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"-Consubstantiation
-Salvation by grace -justification by faith -Augsburg Confession (and the Book of Concord)" |
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Methodist view of baptism
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not only a symbolic burial and resurrection, but an actual supernatural transformation, one that draws parallels to the experience of Noah and the passage of the Israelites through the Red Sea divided by Moses. Thus, baptism is literally and symbolically not only cleansing, but also dying and rising again with Christ.
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Lutheran view of baptism
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not only a symbolic burial and resurrection, but an actual supernatural transformation, one that draws parallels to the experience of Noah and the passage of the Israelites through the Red Sea divided by Moses. Thus, baptism is literally and symbolically not only cleansing, but also dying and rising again with Christ.
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when did the church began to use grape juice and why?
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Baptists in the mid-19th century used juice because they ???
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Describe the life and ministry of Horatius Bonar
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"-19th century Scottish preacher.
-Served as GA for PC of Scotland -Wrote several famous hymns, such as ""I Heard the Voice of Jesus Say""" |
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theological reasons for formation of Baptist movement
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"-The English Separatists broke from the Anglican church in the 17th century after it did not do enough after breaking from the RC church
-they are cousins to the Puritans" |
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Pelagianism is
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something good in us
God chooses us based on that |
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Contrast Calvin and Knox in the Reformation
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Calvin: Systematic and practical
Knox: radical reformer against authority |
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Jonathan Edwards: location, role, what happened
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N. Hampton
pastor of same church as father in law revival broke out in his church during 1st Great Awakening |
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controversial figure in the 2nd Great Awakening?
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Finey
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E. Stanley Jones?
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missionary to India
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how do circumcision and baptism relate to God's covenants with man?
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signs of the covenant
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compare communion and the passover
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the 1st born died in both cases so that God's people would not have to
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NT scripture to tie passover to Christ?
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"behold the Lamb of God" (John)
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William Seymore?
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Azuza St.
Black Preacher |
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relationship between Owen & Bunyan?
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Owen heard Bunyan preach
tried to use political clout to get Bunyan out of jail |
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Niebur's famous work?
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Christ and culture
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Schaefer's famous work?
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L'abri
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my position on deaconesses
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[middle of the road]
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what is the issue for deaconesses?
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ordination and the view of offices
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what happened about the MAPs attempt to clarify what is in accord with the BCO?
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it was ruled by the GA as unsatisfactory, so in Sept we voted to rescind our April 2009 policy
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what is our presbytery's position?
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with N. CA & NY presb, we are more charitable toward women in leadership, though trying to submit to the GA
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Ultimately, the Old Side / New Side and Old School / New School debates were about...
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The 1st & 2nd Great Awakenings
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Old/New Side vs. Old/New School: which was 1st Great Awakening?
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Side
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What is a sacrament, in laymen's terms?
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a name we have given to some of Christ's commands
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What does the Confession say about sacraments?
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WCF 27.2 "There is in every sacrament, a spiritual relation, or sacramental union, between the sign and the thing signified: whence it comes to pass, that the names and effects of the one are attributed to the other."
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What is the closest scripture to saying anything happens to the elements in a sacrament?
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Matthew 26:26-28 (ESV) Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, "Take, eat; this is my body." 27And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, "Drink of it, all of you, 28for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.
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Cite 5 New Testament references showing parallels between the Old Testament and New Testament sacraments.
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Matthew 26:26-28
Romans 4:11 1 Cor. 10:1-4 Col. 2:11-12 Acts 15:1,5 |
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NT reference showing parallels between the OT & NT sacraments
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Col. 2:11-12
In him you were also circumcised, in the putting off of the sinful nature, not with a circumcision done by the hands of men but with the circumcision done by Christ, having been buried with him in baptism and raised with him through your faith in the power of God, who raised him from the dead. (NIV) |
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What is the scripture that shows that circumcision is a sign and seal?
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Romans 4:11
And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. So then, he is the father of all who believe but have not been circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them. (NIV) |
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An OT reference to baptism?
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1 Cor. 10:1-4
I want you to know, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea, 2and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, 3and all ate the same spiritual food, 4and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ. (ESV) |
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Of what is baptism and sign and seal?
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-Engrafting into Christ
-Partaking of the benefits of the covenant of grace -Our engagement to be the Lord's |
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Scripture reference for baptism?
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Matt 28:19-20
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Scripture reference for communion?
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Matt 26:26-28
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Quote verse(s) for baptism?
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Matthew 28:19-20 (ESV) Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.
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Quote verse(s) for communion?
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Matthew 26:26-28 (ESV) Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, "Take, eat; this is my body." 27And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, "Drink of it, all of you, 28for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.
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When was the Auburn Affirmation?
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1924
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What was the Auburn Affirmation intended to do?
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Issued by a group of Presbyterians meeting in Auburn, New York this was designed to safeguard the unity and liberty of the Presbyterian Church by displaying tolerance.
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What did the Auburn Affirmation actually do?
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became a battle line between liberals and conservatives
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What did the Auburn Affirmation say?
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The Affirmation denied the need of ordained Ministers to commit to the five essentials
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What were the five essentials before the Auburn Affirmation?
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1.
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How many ministers signed the Auburn Affirmation?
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150
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Where did the liberal thinking that got into the Presbyterian church come from?
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German higher criticism
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What did the liberals in the early 20th century Presbyterian church call themselves?
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modernists, I think
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What role did "Old Princeton" play in the modern vs. conservative fight in the PCUSA in the early 20th century?
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it was the last bastion of Calvinist orthodoxy and intellectual defense of the Christian faith
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What happened at Princeton that was the last straw for the conservatives?
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the PCUSA General Assembly restructured her board
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How did the conservative faculty respond?
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They left Princeton and formed Westminster Theological Seminary
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What was the date Westminster was formed?
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1929
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What was the last straw for the liberals in the PCUSA?
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When Machen and others established the Independent Board for Presbyterian Foreign Missions
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What role did Machen play?
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He was a NT Scholar at Princeton who led the way to form Westminster and the OPC
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Why did Machen and others establish the Independent Board for Presbyterian Foreign Missions?
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They objected to their tithes towards missions going to non-Christian pluralistic missions work
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What did the PCUSA do in response to the establishment of the Independent Board for Presbyterian Foreign Missions?
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they defrocked Machen and his followers
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What did Machen and his followers do after defrocking?
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They established the OPC
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When was the OPC established?
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1936
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Who had been with Machen and his fellow Old School Calvinists?
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conservative dispensationalists
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Who was Carl McIntire?
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the leader of the dispensationalists
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What did the dispensationalists do?
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formed the Bible Presbyterian Church
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What was the OPC originally called?
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the PCA
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What year was the PCA formed?
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1973
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What is the significance of Briarwood for the PCA?
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location of the first GA
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What were some of the attempts at conservatism by groups in the PCUSA?
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-Concerned Presbyterians
-Presbyterian Churchmen United -the Presbyterian Evangelsitic Fellowship -Reformed Theological Seminary |
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What form did the rampant liberalism in the PCUSA take?
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Barthianism
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Which two denominations were asked to join the PCA at its conception?
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OPC
RPC, ES |
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What denomination joined the PCA, and when?
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RPC, ES
1982 |
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What was significant about the RPC, ES joining?
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They brought with them Covenant Seminary and Covenant College.
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Where had the RPC, ES come from?
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From the group that split away from McIntire's Bible Presbyterian group
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What did McIntire want that caused the split?
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no denominational control of mission boards and seminaries
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1st Great Awakening: preachers
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Edwards
Whitefield John Wesley |
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1st Great Awakening: when
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1720s to 1740s
before the American Revolution |
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1st Great Awakening: problem
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emotionalism and legitimate conversions
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1st Great Awakening: parallel movements
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Continental Pietism & English Evangelicalism
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1st Great Awakening: impact
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significant: first trully national event for colonies
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1st Great Awakening: name of controversy
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"Old Side - New Side"
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"New Side" affirmed:
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1st Great Awakening was work of the Spirit
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"Old Side - New Side" debate was between
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presbyterians
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"Old Side - New Side" debate can be termed as
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heart (experience) vs. head (subscription)
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2nd Great Awakening: preacher
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Finney
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2nd Great Awakening: name of controversy
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Old School / New School
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2nd Great Awakening: when
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1790s to civil war
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2nd Great Awakening: where
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in East: college campuses
in West: the new, secular territories |
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2nd Great Awakening: problem
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unusual means in service to secure conversions
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2nd Great Awakening: results
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para-church organizations formed
from God-centered to man-centered theology Methodists, Baptists, & Disciples of Christ far outgrew Presbyterians, Methodists, & Congregationalists |
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2nd Great Awakening: name of controversy
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"Old School - New School"
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Old School:
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trying to remain true to Calvinistic doctrine in the face of the Auburn declaration
at first embraced slavery, though the Northern Old School rejected it later |
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Marcionism
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rejected the law and thus the OT
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Ebionitism
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Jewish sect of Christians
believed Jesus only a man and overemphasized Mosaic law |
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Montanism
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apocalyptic movement
early Pentecostals (emph on Spirit & emotions & ecstatic prophecy) |
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Gnosticism
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special self-revelation
material creation bad Christ not God |
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Manichaeism
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radical off-shoot of Gnosticism
affirmed Jesus and Buddha as sources of divine "light" particles |
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Neoplatonism
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Plotinus leader
spiritual view of knowledge and intellegence goal of ecstatic union with the One via the intellect |
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when 1st Presbytery in the US?
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1706
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which council condemned Nestorius but did not adequately state the truth?
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Ephesus
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Which council condemned Eutychianism and Nestorianism?
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Chalcedon
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main errors within the early church?
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Marcionism
Ebionitism Montanism |
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main errors outside the early church?
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Gnosticism
Manichaeism Neoplatonism |
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Nicaea I
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(1st most important)
#1 325 vs. Arius ["Christ not fully God"] Son is also God Nicean creed |
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Constantinople I
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#2
(381): vs. Apollinarianism ["Christ not fully man"] Spirit is also God [canon?] Nicea tweaked |
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Ephesus
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#3
431 vs. Nestorianism ["there are 2 persons in Christ"] Son has 1 person upheld theotokos (re: Mary) Nicea re-affirmed |
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Chalcedon
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(2nd most important)
#4 451 vs. Eutychianism ["only 1 nature in Christ"] Son has 2 natures in 1 person |
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Who was William Tyndale?
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English scripture translator and reformer
was executed influenced the KJV |
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KJV influenced by
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Tyndale's translation
Geneva Bible 50 Hebrew and Greek scholars |
