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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adenoids
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An enlarged mass of lymphoid tissue in the upper pharynx, often obstructing breathing through nasal passages
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Tonsils
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A small oral mass of lymphoid tissue, especially either of two such masses embedded in the lateral walls of the opening between the mouth of the pharynx, of uncertain function, but believed to help protect the body from respiratory infections
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Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Shock-lung syndrome)
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A severe lung disease cause by a variety of direct and indirect issues. It is characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma leading to impaired gas exchange with concomitant systemic release of inflammatory mediators causing inflammation, hypoxemia and frequently resulting in multiple organ failure. This condition is often lethal.
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Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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Previously called hyaline membrane disease, this is a syndrome caused in premature infants by developmental insufficiency of surfactant production and structural immaturity in the lungs.
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Ascites
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Accumulation of serous fluid in the perotineal cavity
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Edema (central/pulmonary/peripheral)
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Effusion of serous fluid into the interstices of cells in tissue spaces or into body cavities
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Bolus
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A soft mass of chewed food within the mouth or alimentary canal
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Cardiac output
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5 L/min (5.6 L/min at rest)
Can increase 4-6 times during exercise Therefore 25-30 L/min |
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Consolidation
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The process of becoming solid, as changing of lung tissue from aerated and elastic to firm in certain diseases
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Percussion
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A method of medical diagnosis in which various areas of the body, especially the chest, back and abdomen, are tapped to determine by resonance the condition of internal organs
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Cor pulmonale
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Acute strain or hypertrophy of the right ventricle caused by a disorder of the lungs or of the pulmonary blood vessels
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Cyanosis
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A bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes resulting from inadequate oxygenation of the blood due to hypoxia/hypoxemia
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Diapedesis
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The passage of blood cells, especially leukocytes, through the unruptured walls of the capillaries into the tissues
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Dyspnea
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Difficulty in breathing, often associated with lung or heart disease, resulting in shortness of breath.
Also called air hunger |
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Hemoptysis
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The expectoration of blood or blood-streaked sputum form the larynx, trachea, bronchi, or lungs
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Hematemesis
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vomiting of blood
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Hyoid
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noting or pertaining to a U-shaped bone at the root of the tongue in humans, or a corresponding bone or collection of bones in animals
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Hypercapnia
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A condition marked by an unusually high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood as a result of hypoventilation
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Hypoxemia/hypoxia
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Inadequate oxygenation of the blood
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Infarct
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A localized area of tissue, as in the heart or kidney, that is dying or is dead. This results from having been deprived of its blood supply because of an obstruction by embolism or thrombosis
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Ischemia
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Local deficiency of blood supply produced by vasoconstriction or local obstacles of the arterial flow
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Lumen
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The canal, duct or cavity of a tubular organ
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Lymph
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2 ml/min flow for total body
A clear, watery, sometimes faintly yellowish fluid derived from body tissues that contains WBCs and circulates throughout the lymphatic system, returning to the venous bloodstream through the thoracic duct. Lymph acts to remove bacteria and certain proteins from the tissues, transports fat from the small intestine, and supplies mature lymphocytes to the blood |
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Mediastinum
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The partition separating the right and left thoracic cavities, formed of the two inner pleural walls, and in humans, comprising of all the viscera of the thorax except the lungs
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Metaplasia
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Normal transformation of tissue from one type to another, as in the ossification of cartilage to form bone
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Methemoglobin (Fe+3 - Ferric)
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A brownish-red form of hemoglobin that occurs when hemoglobin is oxidized either during decomposition of the blood or by action of various oxidizing drugs or toxic agents. It contains iron in the ferric state and cannot function as an oxygen carrier
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Parenchyma
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The tissue characteristic of an organ, as distinguished from associated connective or supporting tissues
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Stroma
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The supporting framework, usually consisting of connective tissue, of an organ as distinguished from the parenchyma
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Parietal Pleura
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Serous membrane that lines the inner chest walls and covers the diaphragm
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Visceral Pleura
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Serous membrane the covers the lungs
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Plexus
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A network of nerves or blood vessels
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Poiseuille's Law
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The law that the velocity of a liquid flowing through a capillary is directly proportional to the pressure of the liquid.
r^4 is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the liquid and the length of the capillary |
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Phrenic Nerve
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One of a pair of nerves that arises from cervical spinal roots and passes down the thorax to innervate the diaphragm and control breathing
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Protoplast
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The living material of a plant or bacterial cell, including the protoplasm and plasma membrane after the cell wall have been removed.
One that is the first made or formed |
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Raynaud's Syndrome
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A circulatory disorder that affects the hands and feet, caused by insufficient blood supply to these parts and resulting in cyanosis, numbness, pain and in extreme cases, gangrene
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Reactive Airway Syndrome
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Asthma-like syndrome developing after a single exposure to high levels of an irritating vapor, fume or smoke
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Recruitment
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An increase in the response to a stimulus owing to the activation of additional receptors, resulting from the continuous application of the stimulus with the same intensity
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Reticuloendothelial System (RES) / Monocyte-Macrophage System
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The aggregation of the phagocytic cells, including certain cells of the bone marrow, lymphatic system, liver, and spleen, that have reticular and endothelial characteristics.
They function in the immune system's defense against foreign bodies |
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Rhabdomyolysis
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An acute, fulminant, potentially fatal disease that destroys skeletal muscle and is often accompanied by the excretion of myoglobin in the urine
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Rhinitis
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Inflammation of the nose or its mucous membrane
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Rhinorrhea
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An excessive discharge of mucus from the nose
Runny nose |
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Rouleau
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A stack or roll of coins
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Stasis
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Stagnation in the flow of any of the fluids of the body, as of the blood in an inflamed area or the intestinal contents proximal to an obstruction
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Hyperemia
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An abnormally large amount of blood in any part of the body
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Reactive Hyperemia
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Hyperemia in a part resulting from the restoration of its temporarily blocked blood flow
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Serous Membrane
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A thin membrane lining a closed body cavity and moistened with a serous fluid mucus membrane.
A membrane lining all body passages that communicates with the air, such as the respiratory and alimentary tracts, and having cells and associated glands that secrete mucus |
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Squamous
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Thin/flat
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Cuboidal
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Cube-shaped
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Columnar
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Column-like
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Thrombophlebitis
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The presence of a thrombus in a vein accompanied by inflammation of the vessel wall
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Thrombus
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A fibrinous clot that forms in and obstructs a blood vessel, or that forms in one of the chambers of the heart
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Embolus
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A mass, such as an air bubble, a detached blood clot, or a foreign body that travels through the bloodstream and lodges so as to obstruct or occlude a blood vessel
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Vasa Vasorum
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Small arteries that are distributed to the outer and middle coats of the larger blood vessels and to their corresponding veins
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