Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is Pharmacokinetics?
|
Describes the relationship between drug dosage and time-course of drug concentration in the body usually as reflected in plasma drug concentrations
WHAT THE BODY DOES TO THE DRUG |
|
|
What is Pharmacodynamics?
|
Concerning the mech. of drug action to include the relation between drug conc. and the magnitude of effect
WHat the drug does to the body |
|
|
Describe drug specific effects of drug
|
dose-response relationship
site of biological effect disposition of drug potency dosage form |
|
|
Describe patient specific effects of drug
|
environmental/dietary exposures
psych condition genetic constitution enzyme act. age/sex disposition of drug |
|
|
What are routes of drug administration?
|
Topical
Enteral Parenteral Specific sites/Cavities |
|
|
What are advantages of IV route?
|
potential immediate onset, emergency uses, permits titration, may be only suitable route, larger volumes can be used
|
|
|
What are disadvantages of IV route?
|
Once given, cannot obviously take back. Not suitable for oily or insoluble substances
|
|
|
What are special uses for SQ route?
|
May be used for suspensions or slow-releas implants
|
|
|
What are limitations of SQ route?
|
Not suitable for large volumes, irritating substances
|
|
|
What are special uses of IM route?
|
Can accept larger volumes and some irritating substances
|
|
|
What are GI factors with drug absorption and distribution?
|
Emptying time, intestinal transit, presence of food, local blood flow and local pH
|
|
|
What does the degree of ionization of a drug depend on?
|
pKa and the local pH
|
|
|
Where is drug absorption PO route fastest?
|
In the small intestine- has to do with the increase in surface area of absorption
|
|
|
At what sites is absorption best?
|
At sites where drug is unionized.
|
|
|
In regards to stomach what has significant effect on rate of drug absorption?
|
The rate at which it empties
|
|
|
What is the absorption of weak bases dependent on?
|
Its arrival in the small intestine
|
|
|
Drug accumulation in tissues is dependant on what?
|
On sites where the degree of ionization is greatest
|
|
|
What are the fluid compartments of drug distribution?
|
Vascular
Interstitial Intracellular |
|
|
What is the volume of distribution?
|
Vd relates the amount of drug in the body compared to the plasma concentration.
|
