Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Name the 8 extrinsic muscles and state which attach to scapula and which to humerus.
|
4 attach to scapula - ROTS
Rhomboideus Omotransversarius Trapezius Serratuc ventralia 4 attach to humerus - BLPP Brachiocephalicus Latissimus dorsi Supf Pectoral Deep Pectoral |
|
|
Define syncarcosis.
|
joined by muscle
|
|
|
What happens to Tl if you cut all 8 extrinsic mm?
|
it detaches from body
|
|
|
If removal total TL - how many extrinsic mm must be cut?
|
all 8 - ROTS & BLPP
|
|
|
If removing the TL at the humeral joint - how many extrinsic mm must be cut?
|
only 4 - BLPP
|
|
|
What 2 things comprise the joint capsule?
|
fibrous capsule
synovial mb |
|
|
_____ teeth - teeth act like scissors - mainly implies the action of upper PM4 against lower M1.
|
carnassial
|
|
|
Which muscles form the syncarcosis of the TL?
extrinsic or intrinsic |
extrinsic
|
|
|
Define abaxial and axial.
|
abaxial - away from axis
axial - closest to axis |
|
|
What are the 3 components of the tendon sheath?
|
firbous surface
tendon sheath mesotendon |
|
|
Define muscle head.
|
muscle heads - same distal attachment but different (heads) proximal attachments
|
|
|
In the dog, how many muscle heads does the triceps brachii have?
|
4 - all insert on tuber olecrani
long head lateral head accessory head medial head |
|
|
Which nerve innervates the triceps brachii m?
|
radial nerve
|
|
|
The triceps brachii m is an antagonist of what muscle?
|
biceps brachii
|
|
|
______ - the image on the film is larger than the real object and is less distinct (more fuzzy)
|
magnification artifact
|
|
|
Explain the cranial drawer sign.
|
diagnostic check to see if cranial cruciate ligament is busted
if you can pull forward (like a drawer) it is busted |
|
|
Patella luxations are usually to the ______ (medial or lateral) side.
|
medial
|
|
|
What is a meniscus made of?
|
fibrocartilage
|
|
|
_____ - inward deviation (as in medial patellar luxation)
|
varus
|
|
|
_______ recession - correction for patellar luxation - cut out (butterfly) & deepen trochlear groove then replace cut out
|
trochlear wedge
|
|
|
Which muscle is the most important extensor (primary mover) of the genual joint?
|
quadriceps m
|
|
|
pelvic ____ - space b/w pelvic inlet & outlet
|
canal
|
|
|
_____ = pelvic cavity + bony pelvis
a) pelvis b) bony pelvis c) ossa coxarum d) pelvic girdle e) os coxae |
a) pelvis
|
|
|
_____ = ossa coxarum + sacrum + Ca1
a) pelvis b) bony pelvis c) ossa coxarum d) pelvic girdle e) os coxae |
b) bony pelvis
|
|
|
_____ = R os caxae + L os coxae
a) pelvis b) bony pelvis c) ossa coxarum d) pelvic girdle e) os coxae |
c) ossa coxarum
|
|
|
______ = ossa coxarum
a) pelvis b) bony pelvis c) ossa coxarum d) pelvic girdle e) os coxae |
d) pelvic girdle
|
|
|
_____(pelvic inlet or outlet) = R&L ilial shafts + R&L pubis (cranial border) + promontory of S1
|
pelvic inlet
|
|
|
_____(pelvic inlet or outlet) = S3 & Ca1 + R&L sacrotuberous lgg + R&L ischiatic tuberosities + ischiatic arch
|
pelvic outlet
|
|
|
Name the 4 joints of the tarsus.
|
tarsocrural jt
prox intertarsal jt distal intertarsal jt tarsometatarsal jt |
|
|
3 Types of Fibrinous Joints:
_____ - eg skull _____ - eg b/w carpal bones _____ - eg teeth in alveoli |
suture
syndesmosis gomphosis |
|
|
2 Types of Cartilaginous Jts:
_____ - (fibrocartilage) eg pelvis, mandible, IV disk) _____ - (hyaline cartilage) eg physeal plate, CCJ |
symphysis
synchondrosis |
|
|
Name the 3 joints of the carpus.
|
antebrachial jt
middle carpal jt carpometacarpal jt |
|
|
Name the 3 joints of the digit.
|
metacarpophalangeal jt
proximal interphalangeal jt distal interphalangeal jt |
|
|
______ (symphysis or synchondrosis)= cartilaginous jt made of fibrocartilage
|
symphysis
|
|
|
______ (symphysis or synchondrosis)= cartilaginous jt made of hyaling cartilage
|
synchondrosis
|
|
|
Dog:
____ thoracic vertebrae ____ ribs ____ rib costal cartilages ____ sternebrae |
13
13 13 8 |
|
|
Dog:
sternal ribs = ___ pairs asternal ribs = ___ pairs |
sternal = 9 pairs
asternal = 4 pairs |
|
|
Why is the last pair of asternal ribs in dogs called floating ribs?
|
the costal cartilages of this pair end freely
|
|
|
Dog:
sternabra #___ = manubrium sterni sternabra #___ = xiphoid process |
1 = manubrium sterni
8 = xiphoid process |
|
|
T or F
Costal cartilages are most flexible in young animals and tend to calcify with age. |
T
|
|
|
The ____ is fomed by the costal cartilages of the asternal ribs.
|
costal arch
|
|
|
Thoracic cage ______ (inlet or outlet):
1st pair of ribs laterally 1st thoracic vertebra - dorsally 1st sternabra - ventrally |
inlet
|
|
|
Thoracic cage ______ (inlet or outlet):
last pair of ribs & costal arch - laterally 12th thoracic vertebra - dorsally 8th sternabra - ventrally |
outlet
|
|
|
Dog - permanent dentition:
incisors erupt at ___ mos canines erupt at ___ mos |
incisors - 4 mo
canines - 6 mo |
|
|
Name the ligament that attaches from the acetabular fossa to fovea capitis. Which ligament is behind this one?
|
ligament of femoral head
transverse acetabular ligament |
|
|
What is the most common direction for a hip to dislocate/luxate?
|
cranialdorsal luxation
|
|
|
Distal femur & prox tibia don't fit together very well (not congruent). What makes them congruent?
|
lateral meniscus
medial meniscus |
|
|
What is the largest sesamoid bone in the body?
|
patella
|
|
|
What muscle is the strongest flexor of the coxal joint?
What is the strongest extensor? |
iliopsoas muscle
middle gluteal muscle |
|
|
What makes up the femoral triangle?
|
V - femoral vein
A - femoral artery N - saphenous nerve |
|
|
Femoral Triangle Boundaries:
_____ - Sartorius m. _____ - Pectineus m. _____ - Quadriceps femoris m. |
cranial
caudal medial |
|
|
Where do you perform venipuncture in Pl of dogs? Cats?
|
dogs- lateral saphenous v.
cats - femoral v. |
|
|
Lumbosacral Plexus:
- cord segments - ____ to ____ - vertebrae - ____ to ____ |
cord segments L3 - S3
vertebrae Le - L5 |
|
|
_____ nerve runs b/w medial & lateral heads of gastrocnemius m.
|
tibial n
|
|
|
_____ nerve runs over lateral surface of lateral head of gastrocnemius m.
|
common peroneal n
|
|
|
What fxn is compromised at the tarsocrural jt if the tibial nerve is injured?
|
extension
|
|
|
What fxn is compromised at the tarsocrural jt if the common peroneal nerve is injured?
|
flexion
|
|
|
_____ trunk = cranial gluteal n. + caudal gluteal n. + ischiatic n.
|
lumbosacral trunk
|
|
|
What is the canine permanent dentition formula?
|
2[I 3/3, C 1/1, PM 4/3, M 2/3] = 42
|
|
|
How many roots do canine teeth & incisors have?
|
single root
|
|
|
T or F
Dog teeth are hypsodont (high-crowned) |
F - all dog teeth are brachydont (low-crowned)
|
|
|
Are the following epaxial or hypaxial muscle?
- longissimus cervicis - longissimus capitis - semispinialis capitis |
epaxial mm
|
|
|
Are the following epaxial or hypaxial muscle?
- scalenus - serratus ventralis - serratuc dorsalis - external intercostal mm - internal intercostals mm |
hypaxial mm of thoracic wall
|
