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90 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
1. Identify elements of Professor Soards’ method for studying Paul’s letters
a. Paul’s relationship to the Church or individual
i. First contact
ii. After departure
b. The problem that elicited the particular letter

c. Those whom Paul opposes by means of the letter (if anyone)

d. Theology of the opponents or the thinking associated with the problem

e. Structure of Paul’s letter

f. Paul’s solution or advice

g. Theological key(s) to the letter
2. Identify the probable date of the composition of the First Letter to the Thessalonians
50-51 AD
3. Identify the likely place of composition of I Thessalonians
Corinth
4. Identify something of the Sitz im Leben of Thessalonika, Greece
a. Made up of mostly gentile, but mixed Christians

b. Port city and located on Via Egnatia – highway that connected East to Rome

c. Capital of province of Macedonia, became place of importance around 300 B.C.
d. Name could have originated from therme, which would have referred to nearby hot springs

e.Could have also been named after wife of Cassender, general of Alexander the great

f. Politically important city and on trade route would have had a multiplicity of cults
5. Identify the theme noticeably absent from I Thessalonians
Paul did not speak about his apostolic identity
6. Explain what may be deduced about the length of Paul’s stay in Thessalonika
It is uncertain but Acts mentions 3 Sabbaths
7. Explain what is meant by the indicative and imperatives portions of Paul’s letters
Indicative – statement of facts
Imperative – command that flows from indicative
8. Explain the significance of the term politarchs in Acts 17:6.8)
Refers to local magistrates that had caused Paul and companions to leave Corinth, but in 1 Thess 2,18 Paul speaks of satan preventing him from returning
9. Identify the problem that elicited I Thessalonians
Paul could not get to them, and Timothy did go and found the people not striving for holiness
10. Identify those whom Paul opposes in I Thessalonians if anyone
Satan – Paul feels he is the reason he has been prevented from coming
Fears the tempter put them to the test so that Paul and others work will come to nothing

Satan...that's not exactly...
11. Explain the solution or advice that Paul offers in I Thessalonians
Solution is for them to grow in love, demonstrated in their moral conduct. This imperative stems from the indicative of one’s relationship to God through Christ by the sending of the Holy Spirit
12. Identify some of the theological keys in I Thessalonians
a. Endurance in difficulty – affliction and test

b. Brothers – brotherhood between Paul and Thessilonica

c. Constant prayer

d. Faith, hope, and love

e. Eminent eschatology

f. Election, being chosen by God

g. Imitate Paul – it is through him they learn about Christ

h. Ecclesiology of unity

i. High Christology

j. Conversion - turning from idols to the living God
13. Explain Paul’s theology of imitation found in I Thess and other letters
Paul says to imitate him as he imitates Christ. They are models for our own faith and conduct.
14. Identify some of the specific exhortations found in I Thess 4
“This is the will of God, your holiness: that you refrain from immorality. Acquire a wife in holiness, not lust. Progress in mutual love, aspire to live a tranquil life. Grieve as a Christian.
15. Identify Paul’s pastoral concern in addressing the issue of the Parousia with the Thessalonians
He isn’t fixing a date; they shouldn’t either. Continue working, worry about dead Christians(?).
16. Identify the immediate literary context of 1 Thess 1:1-5
Nothing precedes it; vv6-10 reminder of thanksgiving/congratulations; focus shifts to them, faith and example extending to others.
17. Identify the rhetorical form of 1 Thess 1:1-5
Deliberative style of rhetoric (persuade to make decision); also display rhetoric, building up.
18. Explain what the deliberative style is intended to do
Persuade audience to make decision.
19. 1 Thess 4:1 may be considered an example of display rhetoric. Explain what Paul is attempting to do in this part of the letter
Paul is attempting to persuade his listeners to live according to the teachings of Christ.
20. Identify the objective of display rehetoric
To Build the audience up.
21. Explain what is unique about the salutation in 1 Thess
No reference to Paul’s apostleship(v1) Theological virtues
22. Explain the significance of the greeting Paul offers in 1 Thess and the relationship to the end of the letter
Grace and peace used at beginning, end only has grace.
23. Explain what Paul means in 1 Thess 1:3 “remembering before our God and Father”
Thoughts are always directed to God. Don’t forget like the Israelites.
24. Explain Paul’s stress and emphasis in qualifying the three theological virtues with an additional word in each case and how this relates to the situation of the Thessalonian Church
Working, laboring, and steadfastness all point to a Paraousia that isn’t here yet; don’t quit your day job.
25. Explain the Significance of Paul's Use of Battle imagery in 1 Thess. 5:8
This battle imagery shows that Christians are in spiritual combat and that the armor is meant to protect us.
26. Explain Paul's use of brothers throughout 1 Thessalonians
It seems to indicate the Christians' strong fraternal bond.
27. Paul uses eschatology in 1 Thessalonians as the basis for hope that determines the nature of daily life. Explain.
Paul argues that eschatology and moral are fused together such that the moral life prepares the Christian for the parousia. Furthermore, Christ's parousia is a sign of his final victory over sin and death.
28. Paul writes in I Thess 1:5 that “our Gospel comes…with full conviction. Identify how else the term conviction could be translated
a. Effectiveness
b. Full force
c. Full effect
29. Identify the rhetorical devices Paul uses in I Thess 1:5
A contradiction (a contradiction): "not only..." "but also..."

Also a repetition (of the qualities of Paul's gospel)
30. Explain how Paul teaches the Thessalonians that they have been chosen/elected by God
Paul teaches that they know they are chosen:

a. Through Baptism and the HS dwelling within them.

b. Because they are dependent upon God

c. Because of how effective the Word was among them, turning them from idols to the living God.

d. They can say by their baptism that they are chosen, that they are the elect of God.
31. Explain the role of the Holy Spirit in the Thessalonian church
The Holy Spirit is the Life source of the community which ought not to be quenched.
32. Paul writes to the Thessalonians of the relationship between the Lord’s parousia and the resurrection of believers. Explain
Those who are dead will rise at the second coming of Christ. At the parousia, first those who are dead will rise, then all will be taken up into heaven.
33. At the end of I Thess Paul is confident that Christ will return. Explain what the Thessalonian Christians must do in the light of Christ’s return.
They must remain steadfast in love and live uprightly, not lazily.
34. Identify the most striking feature of the Galatians
No "Thanksgiving"
35. Identify the Issue at the heart of the letter to the Galatians
Faith in Christ; Justification
36. Identify the possible location of the churches of Galatia
Central Asia minor (near Ancyra, Turkey
37. Explain what was presumably the position of the Judaizers in the Galatian churches
a. Converts to Church must adhere to Mosaic Law: ritual purity, dietary laws, Sabbath observance, circumcision

b. Jesus a Jew, and known to have followed these laws

c. They also implied that Paul was diluting the faith to make it easier to convert

d. They also taught that Paul was not an authentic apostle, because he was not one of the Twelve.
38. Identify the approximate date and place of composition of the letter to the Galatians
Probably written from Ephesus in 54 AD 54 (NJBC)
39. Identify some of the themes found in the Letter to the Galatians
a. baptism
b. promise to Abraham
c. faith and Law
d. spirit and flesh
e. unity
f. Body of Christ
g. "Christ-mysticism”
-Christ crucified
-Christocentric soteriology
-faith working itself out thru h. love
i. Faith in/of Christ (pistis tou Christou)
j. Argument from Scripture
k. Paul’s relationship to Judaism
l. Christian freedom
40. Identify two of the most important themes in the Letters to the Galatians
Faith and Justification
41. Explain how Paul understands Christian freedom
It is a freedom from sin (and idols and Law) and a freedom for love.
42. Define virtue
Moral qualities regarded as of special excellence or importance
43. Define vice
Corruption of morals, depravity, wicked habits or conduct, moral fault or defect, and absence of good.
44. Explain a possible origin of the virtue/vice approach to ethics
Wisdom literature (Wisdom and Eccl.), Baptismal parenesis, and Greek philosophy.
45. Explain how the virtue/vice catalogues (lists) are to be understood in the light of their literary context in Gal
Understood as not tied to any specific circumstances, but according to life in the Spirit vs. life in the Flesh. Exhortation to cultivate moral virtue, shun immorality.
46. Explain how the virtue/vice lists were possibly used in the early Church.
Lists were used to differentiate between life in the Spirit and life in the Flesh. Used as model for Christian living, right conduct. Virtues set us free; vices enslave us.
47. Define parenesis
Refers to instruction, exhortation, encouragement (avoid drunkenness, orgies, and the like).
48. Identify the three ways to classify the virtues encouraged in the Letter to the Galatians.
1.) Habits of the mind (faith, H.S., metanoia)

2.) Qualities that affect a person’s relationship with another (agape, kindness, patience, prayer)

3.) Principles that guide Christian conduct (joy, peace, charity, etc.)
49. In the light of baptism, explain what a Christian is expected to do with the virtues.
Expected to orient oneself towards Christ, love of God and love of neighbor, growth in virtues leads to growth in holiness
50. Identify the date and place of composition of I Cor
Written from Ephesus between 53-54 A.D
51. Explain how Paul comes to know about the problems facing the Corinthian church.
Through Timothy, the House of Chloe, delegation that brought the letter, (there’s one other here…)
52. Identify some of the problems that elicited I Cor
Divisions between rich/poor. Disagreements about resurrection of the dead. Whether meat offered to idols could be eaten. Role of women. Glossalalia (gift of tongues)- using for oneself. Problems of incest, marriage, sexuality.
53. Identify some aspects of the Sitz im Leben of Corinth
Large 1st century Roman colony; Greek origins; became Roman in 146 B.C. Very cosmopolitan; manufacturing center (bronze and terracotta); important trade center; located in province of Achaia.
54. Explain some of Paul’s solutions and pastoral advice to the Corinthians
Unity of Body- Different parts, but one body.

Avoid immoral persons

Remain in whatever state you are in (eschatology)

While Corinthians boast of strength, Paul boasts of weakness so Christ will rest upon him.

Things are good, but we should not be enslaved by passions, sin.

Legal cases (1 Cor 6:1-8): Pagan courts will have different standards; pagans will see scandal in Church’s inability to fix own problems.
55. Identify some of the theological keys to I Cor
1.) Unity/Harmony among Christians; call to peace.

2.) “My love be w/ you all in Christ”- Make Christ’s love your own.

3.) Body of Christ- Being members of Christ’s body and a Eucharistic people.

4.) Denounces all behaviors that display extraordinary gifts aimed at self-gratification.

5.) Charity is another word for virtue; charity at heart of all virtues
56. Explain why Paul did not want the Corinthians to use civil, pagan courts
Pagan courts have different standards for judging; verdict based on pagan system of ethics/codes of conduct.
57. Explain the problem of prostitution in light of St. Paul’s theology of the body in 1 Cor
Prostitution profanes the body as a temple of the H.S.

Problem for Church: unity w/ prostitute profanes the Body of Christ to which they are members.
58. Explain how the theology of St. Catherine of Siena relates to I Cor 12:31b-13:13
From Dialogues- Man’s lack of spiritual perfection and all gifts prompts man to seek out God, others, and to share their gifts with others in order to build up the Body of Christ.
59. Explain the significance of Paul’s reference to his own love in I Cor 16:24
Paul wants to stress that we must make Christ’s love our own
60. Identify the annual games played in Corinth
Isthmian games; held every year, winner received crown of celery.
61. Explain the significance of the Isthmian games for Paul’s letters
They were games like the Olympics; winners win a perishable crown of celery. (Image of worldly success: will die with you). Paul also uses the examples of racing and shadow boxing. (i.e. Race so as to win…)
62. Identify sources of Paul’s imagery in his letters
Architecture, armor, body, economy, (Isthmian games?)
63. Explain the situation of Aquila and Priscilla in relationship to Paul
Paul’s mission strategy in Corinth started at the house of Aquila and Priscilla. They were in Corinth before Paul because they were banished from Rome by edict of Claudius. They were friends with Paul.
64. Identify similarities between Paul and Aquila and Priscilla
Tentmakers, Christians, former Jews, evangelizers
65. Explain what is remarkable about 1 Cor 1:1-9 and to what does the content of this section point
 Remarkable?: High Christology (Christ’s name appears in every verse except v. 5).
Point of content?: Vocation to be saints- sanctifying grace. Koinonea- fellowship/bond in Christ Jesus.
66. Identify the sources of Paul’s gratitude in the Thanksgiving section of 1 Cor
God
67. Explain why Paul is asserting his apostolic identity in 1 Cor 1:1 and in chapter 9
Because he is trying to explain to them that this was an office bestowed upon him by God himself. (not the work of human hands). A divine vocation.
68. Explain why I Cor 15:23-28 is a key passage dealing with the parousia
(?- not sure) It deals with the order and sequence of events that will occur at the Parousia.
69. Explain how in I Cor 15:12-19 St. Paul points out the errors in the thinking of the Corinthians about the resurrection
If Christ has been raised from the dead then our sins are forgiven (life). If Christ has not been raised then our faith is vain and we are not forgiven (death). [denial of Resurrection is a denial of God’s power/ Paul’s preaching].
70. Explain why I Cor 15 is an important chapter in this letter
Because it deals with the center of our faith: (Easter component) Christ’s Resurrection from the dead. (victory over death= good news for us).
71. Explain why some of the Corinthians denied the resurrection of the dead
Greek philosophy, Judiazers teaching, difficult teaching to accept.
72. Explain how I Cor 15:23 is like I Thess 4:16-17
It deals with the order and sequence of events that will occur at the Parousia.
73. Explain what problems are posed by I Cor 15:28
The passage says “the Son himself will also be subjected to him who put all things under him.” This idea of the subjection of the Son to the Father poses some possible Trinitarian confusion on the nature of the relationship between the Father and the Son
74. Identify one of the purposes of chiastic structure
Memorization
75. Identify the literary context of 1 Cor 15:12-19
a. Found in the end of the body of the letter

b. Pericope follows a pericope on the resurrection of Christ (15:1-11)…the most ancient tradition of resurrection

c. Pericope is prior to a pericope discussing further the resurrection of the dead, and more specifically the order of the resurrection of the dead (15:15-28)

d. All three pericopes have the same theme of the resurrection
76. Explain some aspect of the Sitz im Leben of I Cor
a. Divisions in the community possibly arising from socioeconomic differences
b. Found out of the divisions through “Chloe’s people”

c. Apparently there were also divisions among the community about whether there truly was going to be a resurrection of the dead

d. Paul is writing to the community to exhort them to a unity (1 Cor 1:10)
77. According to rhetorical analysis identify the type of letter we are concerned with in Chapter 15
a. This is a deliberative letter written with the intent to persuade and dissuade the Corinthians on certain matters of behavior. Looking for a decision from them

b. 15:1-57 serves as a confermatio, 15:58 serves as a peroratio
78. Explain why I Cor 15:12-19 is concerned with theological and pastoral issues
The frequent use of “if-then” statements raises theological and pastoral issues helping to show that logic and reason are required
The passage is concerned with the theological and pastoral issues regarding the resurrection because it is so fundamental to the Christian faith. To deny the resurrection was to deny God’s power and to deny Paul’s preaching
79. Define Modus tollens
Literally means “mode that denies.” It is a form of valid inference. It is an aspect of logic
80. Define divine passive
Divine passive: “Christ has been raised”
It is part of the early Christian creedal formula and found 4 times in 1 Cor 15:12-19 referring to God the Father’s work in raising Jesus
81. 1 Cor 15:58 is the peroration. Explain
a. A peroration is the concluding part of a discourse and especially an oration

b. Located at the end of the chapter, this verse concludes the discussion on the resurrection and encourages the community to be “steadfast, immovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, knowing that in the Lord your labor is not in vain”
82. Identify the issue that links 1 Cor 15:23 and I Thess 4:16-17
Both are concerned about the order of the resurrection
83. Explain the theology of 1 Cor 15:12-19
a. The theological concern in the pericope is mainly soteriological, that is, concerning salvation and the freedom of sins

b. The pericope also deals with the theological virtues of faith and hope
84. Explain what Paul did with regard to the Corinthian church after Paul wrote I Cor
Paul visited the community thinking his personal presence was needed but had apparently experienced some hostility during the visit leading him to leave in disgust (2 Cor 2:1) and return to Ephesus
85. Identify one of the disputed issues surrounding 2 Cor
Was it always one letter or is it a compilation of multiple correspondences?
86. Explain the significance of the collection discussed in 2 Cor 8-9
The collection was significant because it showed the spiritual unity of the Jews and Gentiles.
87. Identify some of the major themes of the ketter to the Romans
a. Our Salvation through Christ
b. Mystery of Israel
88. Explains Paul’s purpose in writing the letter to the Romans
a.To introduce himself

b. To present a summary of his Gospel.

c. To encourage unity.
89. Explain what Paul meant in Romans by “The Gospel”
Primarily the Paschal Mystery.
90. Explain the image of the Olive tree for St. Paul’s explanation of the relationship of the Jews and Gentiles in the Church.
a. Jewish Christians = Root

b. Gentile Christians = Branches which have been grafted upon this root.

c. Non-believing Jews: Branches which have fallen away.

d. These natural branches, however, could be easily grafted back on.

e. Found in 11:17-24 and is similar to John’s Gospel when Jesus speaks of himself being the vine and Christians being the branches.