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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Genetics |
The scientific study of heredity. |
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Heredity |
Transmission of traits from one generation to another. |
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Character |
A heritage feature that varies among individuals. |
Eye color, flower color |
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Trait |
A variant of a character |
Blue eyes, white flowers |
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Hybrid |
Offspring of two different true breeding varieties |
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Locus |
Location of a gene on a chromosome |
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Allele |
Alternate molecule for a gene. |
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Homozygous |
Two identical alleles |
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Heterozygous |
Two different alleles |
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Monohybrid cross |
A cross between parent plants that differ in only one character |
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Law of segregation |
Gametes carry only one allele for each inherited character. |
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Law of Independent Assortment |
Each pair of alleles separates independently during gamete formation. |
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Complete dominance |
Dominant allele fully masks the recessive allele. |
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Codominance |
Nonidentical alleles specify two phenotype that are simultaneously expressed. |
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Multiple alleles |
Characteristic controlled by 3 or more alleles |
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Incomplete dominance |
Phenotype is mixed between two traits. |
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Universal Donor |
Type O |
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Universal recipient |
Type AB |
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Sex Chromosomes |
Influence the inheritance of certain traits. |
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Sex-linked genes |
Located on a sex chromosome |
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Chromosome Theory of Inheritance |
Chromosomal behavior accounts for inheritance patterns, segregation and independent assortment. |
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Linked genes |
Located close together, inherited together. Can violate law of segregation. |
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Recombination |
Crossing over can separate linked genes and increase genetic variability. |
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Polygenic inheritance |
Continuous range of small differences in a given trait. |
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Epistasis |
Genes may oppose and suppress each other. |
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Hypostatic alleles |
Masked or silenced |
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Epistatic alleles |
Doing the masking |
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Pleiotropy |
Effect of one gene on more than one character. |
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